Special Issue No. – 8, April, 2020

Abstract:

The use of hydrostatic steerage in agricultural and construction vehicles shows that, compared to traditional hydromechanical steerage, it has better balance and no steering wheels vibrations. But in certain environments, these automobiles have to work in severe conditions and the steering breaks down rather quickly. There can be multiple reasons for this – dirt, wear, excessive turn effort. The analysis of defects of the XY 145 0/1 hydraulic steers has demonstrated that 100% of breakdowns are caused by the wear of the slide valve-housing pair, i.e. this contact is limitative. Therefore, complete wear of these parts lead to the situation when turning the vehicle requires the effort exceeding normal. To find out how to increase durability of the valve-housing pair, we conducted a research of its stress-strain state. The strains in the contact can be studied with the help of the finite-element method which allows high-precision modeling of any components and mechanisms in operation. As a result, we generated a finite-element mesh with the minimal, average and maximal pressure values, transitions and deformations in elements; pressure values were presented as a graphical file with a diagram. The model of the strain state of hydraulic steer XY-145 slide valve-housing contact can be used in selecting the materials which, applied to the worn surfaces, will increase the general durability of hydraulic steers.

Keywords:

Steerage,hydraulic steer,fault,wear,finite-element method,

Refference:

I. Burumkulov F.Kh., Ivanov V.I., Velichko S.A., Ionov P.A., Suldin S.P. (2005), Increasing of reliability of NSh-U hydraulic pumps by electric spark alloying of the working surfaces of friction couples, Elektronnaya Obrabotka Materialov, Vol. 41, No. 6, 13–18 (in Russian).

II. Burumkulov F.Kh., Velichko V.I., Ivanov V.I., Ionov P.A., Okin M.A., Stolyarov A.V. (2009), Electric spark nanocomposite coatings and their wear resistance, Machinery in Agriculture, № 1, 11-13 (in Russian).

III. Burumkulov F.Kh., Ivanov V.I., Velichko S.A., Denisov, V.A. (2014), Plasticity of electrospark. Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry, Vol. 50, No. 2, 106–110.

IV. Galkin V.O. (2011), Analysis of mathematical models. Binom, Мoscow, Russia. (in Russian)

V. Mamaev V.B. (2013), Analysis of tense and deformed state in elementary unit on the example of precipitation process. Izvestia BMSTU. Retrieved from http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/analiz-napryazhennogo-i-deformirovannogo-sostoyaniya-v-elementarnom-obeme-na-primere-protsessa-osadki (in Russian).

VI. Senin P.V., Davydkin A.M., Chervyakov S.V. (2013), Malfunction causes of dosing pumps and hydraulic steers (on the example of a hydraulic steer of the XY 145-0/1 trademark). Traktora i Selkhozmashiny, №12, 38-40 (in Russian).

VII. Stolyarov A.V. (2009), Increasing TBO of axial-piston hydraulic pump with slanting sheave block for restoration and hardening of worn surfaces of components. Dissertation. Saransk, Russia(in Russian).

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Abstract:

The essence of the problem is that modern communications have a pronounced network character, that causes a dramatic increase in the risk of network conflicts. It has been shown that the traditional conflict with its conceptual and analytical framework in the description of conflicts in general and of information conflicts in particular is not focused on the network and the formalization of network conflicts needs to be developed. In this regard, it is expected to build on the evaluations of weighted networks, bearing in mind that the modern network is a graph with a disjoint set of vertices (users) and edges (links) on which the network filler is circulating. Its volumes and values form a statistical (accumulated) resource (filler) on the vertices of the network and a dynamic (traffic) resource (filler) passing through the edge in a unit of time. The maximum values of these resources indicate the capacity of network elements. Even the resources dynamics of conflicting networks are considered in the context of a bilateral conflict. And the changes are proposed to be evaluated by the relative sensitivity functions that provide an inseparable assessment of the parameters of interest. Evaluations of the fundamental conflict from this approach are proposed through the deflection of the conflicting resources at the appropriate time sampling. As a result of the proposed approach, analytical expressions of the sensitivity factors that allowed for a weighted classification of network conflicts were obtained. Consideration was also given to the value and volume of fillers that make up the resources of network elements. The stages of the dynamics conflict have the same interpretation. Possible attacks by the parties in the course of their conflict interaction are also being considered. Then, the article deals with the practical value of the results obtained. In this regard, we consider the possible applications for the proposed methodology. Information networks are growing in popularity, that is why we analyze the application of the results in the context of the use of malicious software and destructive content in conflicts, where a step-by-step assessment of the dynamics of conflicting resources will make it possible to produce the necessary conflict analysis. At the interconnectivity level, a possible field of application of the article results can be a competing social network, as well as a intranet impact of antagonistic content within those networks.

Keywords:

Information network,network conflict,network potential,network resource,sensitivity,

Refference:

I. Byrd, To. War with many unknowns / K. Byrd//Computerra. – M.: 2009. – No. 20. – 5 p.
II. Grinyaev, S. Russia in global information society: threats, risks and possible ways their neutralizations / S. Grinyaev, – Electron. it is this. – Access mode: http://www.noravank.am/upload/pdf/419_ ru.pdf.
III. Newman, M. E. J. A measure of betweenness centrality based on random walks/ M. E. J. Newman //Soc. Networks. 2005. – № 27. – P. 39–54.
IV. Newman, M. E. J. Ego–centered networks and the ripple effect / M. E. J. Newman //Soc. Networks. 2003. – № 25. – P. 83–95.
V. Newman, M. E. J. Finding and evaluating community structure in networks/ M. E. J. Newman, M. Girvan // Phys. Rev. E 69. 2004. – P. 72–93.
VI. Newman, M. E. J. Mixing patterns in networks / M. E. J. Newman // Phys. Rev. E 67. – 2003.
VII. Newman, M. E. J. Power laws, Pareto distributions and Zipf’s law / M. E. J. Newman. – Electronic resource. – URL: https://vk.com/dev/openapi_api.
VIII. Newman, M. E. J. The structure of scientific collaboration networks / M. E. J. Newman // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98. 2001. –P. 404–409.
IX. Newman, M. E. L The structure and function of complex networks/ M. E. J. Newman // SIAM Rev. 45. 2003. –P. 167–256.
X. Novoseltsev, V. I. System conflictology / V. I. Novoseltsev, – Voronezh: Quart, 2001. – 176 p.
XI. Ostapenko, G. A. Information transactions and the attacks in the sotsiotekhnicheskikh systems: organization-legal aspects of counteraction: Education guidance / G. A. Ostapenko, E. A. Meshkov; under the editorial office Yu.N. Lavrukhina. – М: The hot line – the Telecom, 2007. – 295 p.
XII. Pastor–Satorras, R. Absence of epidemic threshold in scale–free networks with connectivity correlations / R. Pastor–Satorras, A. Vespignani// Phys. Rev. Lett. – Pub.:American Physical Society. 2002. – Vol. 90, Iss. 2. – P. 1 – 4.
XIII. Pastor–Satorras, R. Epidemic dynamics, endemic states in complex networks / R. Pastor–Satorras, A. Vespignani//Phys. Rev. E. 2001. – P.101 – 104.
XIV. Pastor–Satorras, R. Epidemic spreading in complex networks with degree correlations / R. Pastor–Satorras, A. Vespignani// Contribution to the Proceedings of the XVIII SitgesConference “Statistical Mechanics of Complex Networks”. – Berlin, 2003. – P. 165 – 170.
XV. Pastor–Satorras, R. Epidemic Spreading in Scale–Free Networks / R. Pastor–Satorras, A. Vespignani// Phys. Rev. Lett. 86. 2001. – P.45 – 56.
XVI. Pastor–Satorras, R. Topology, Hierarchy, Correlations in Internet Graphs / R. Pastor–Satorras, A. Vespignani//Lecture Notes in Phisics. 2004. – Springer – P. 425 – 440.
XVII. Prilepsky, V. V. Conflicts in information telekommunika-tsionnykh systems/ V. V. Prilepsky//Education guidance. Voronezh: Voronezh. state. техн. un-t, 2004. – 144 p.
XVIII. Rozenvasser, E. N. Chuvstvitelnost of management systems of / E.N. Rozenvasser, R. M. Yusupov, – M.: Science, 1981. – 464 p.
XIX. Ruby of. Social conflict: Escalation, the deadlock, permission / D. Rubin, D. Pruyt, H. Kim — SPb.: Prime-EVROZNAK, 2001. — 325 p.
XX. Savin, L. V. Setetsentrichnaya and network war. Introduction in the concept. / L.V. Savin. – Euroasian movement, 2011. – 130 p.
XXI. Ostapenko, G.A. Analytical estimation of the component viability of distribution automated information data system / G.A. Ostapenko, D.G. Plotnicov, O.Y Makarov, N.M. Tikhomirov, V.G. Yurasov // World Applied Sciences Journal. – 2013. – 25 (3). – P. 416-420.
XXII. Ostapenko, G.A. Analytical models of information-psychological impact of social information networks on users / G.A. Ostapenko, L.V. Parinova, V.I. Belonozhkin, I.L. Bataronov, K.V. Simonov // World Applied Sciences Journal. – 2013. – 25 (3). – P. 410-415.
XXIII. Ermakov, S.A. Optimization of expert methods used to analyze information security risk in modern wireless networks / S.A. Ermakov, A.S. Zavorykin, N.S. Kolenbet, A.G. Ostapenko, A.O Kalashnikov // Life Science Journal. – 2014. – № 11(10s). – P. 511-514.
XXIV. Radko, N.M. Assessment of the system’s EPI-resistance under conditions of information epidemic expansion‏ / N.M. Radko, A.G. Ostapenko, S.V. Mashin, O.A. Ostapenko, D.V. Gusev // Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia. – 2014. – Vol. 11 (3). – P. 1781-1784.
XXV. Radko, N.M. Peak risk assessing the process of information epidemics expansion / N.M. Radko, A.G. Ostapenko, S.V. Mashin, O.A. Ostapenko, A.S. Avdeev // Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia. – 2014. – Vol. 11 (Spl.End). – P. 251-255.
XXVI. Ostapenko, A.G. Flood-attacks within the hypertext information transfer protocol: damage assessment and management / A.G. Ostapenko, M.V. Bursa, G.A. Ostapenko, D.O. Butrik // Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia. – 2014. – Vol. 11 (Spl.End). – P. 173-176.
XXVII. Islamgulova, V.V. Discreet risk-models of the process of the development of virus epidemics in non-uniform networks / V.V. Islamgulova, A.G. Ostapenko,,N.M. Radko, R.K. Babadzhanov, O.A. Ostapenko // Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology. – 2016. – P. 306-315.

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Abstract:

Architectural morphogenesis has a cyclical nature.The time of existence of each cycle is connected - not necessarily when the absolute coincidence - with epochs of the civilization development, wherein technological achievements, economy, forms of the social organization and the aesthetic worldview are joined together, realized as the cultural integrity, visually ascertained by the architectural style. Each style has phases of the birth, the golden age and the stagnation. The detector of morphological changes is the minor,at first glance, signs of the object congestion of architectural forms withprominent decorative features: symbols, plastic figures and color, which are necessary or redundant. The redundancy of equipping facade surfaces with ornamental elements and decor discredit the architectural form, which takes on the label of agglutination, when elements of decor are stuck on a facade - symptoms of the style diminishment phase. The abundance and the compositional meaninglessness of agglutinates give a signal to changing the architectural paradigm and restructuring the aesthetic worldview, shortening the time frame for the architecture renewal, ultimately aimed at establishing the priority of the pure form. The pure form, out of which the ancient architecture, the international architecture and high-tech had begun, is constantly threatenedwith the agglutination. Maybe it is high time to stop the reincarnation process?

Keywords:

Tectonics,the expressiveness of an architectural form,phases of the style development,agglutination,agglutinates psychology of vision,

Refference:

I. Banham R. A look at the modern architecture. An epoch of masters. M.: Stroyizdat, 1980, 172 p.
II. G. W. F. Hegel, Aesthetics. Lectures on Fine Art, trans. T. M. Knox, 2 vols.
Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1975, 611 p.
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V. Melvyn J. Architecture. Guide to Styles. M.: Kladez-Books, 2007, 158 p.
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X. Tkachev V. N., Semeshkina T. V. Associations in the architecture and the design. M.: MGSU Press, 2011, 224, p.

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Abstract:

This paper proposes a method of transformation of network models, taking into account their topological properties and weight characteristics. The method is intended for the networks with a large number of vertices. Social information networks, mustering millions of users, should be considered as the most illustrative example of such. Simulation of similar networks structures takes tremendous calculation expenditures and, therefore, the authors set themselves a task to transform the initial network by means of size reduction, yet retaining its properties. Since modern corporate and global networks are suspended (all vertices and arcs have different weights – specific traffic) and heterogeneous (the number of vertices bonds varies significantly), therefore, the authors aim to (when transforming the graph) preserve all above-mentioned topological properties and weight characteristics of the analysed network. Some equivalent transformations are formalized in the form of algorithm of the researcher’s actions. Software based on this algorithm confirmed efficiency of the proposed approach. Adduced examples illustrate the peculiarities of the proposed algorithm of transformation of networks models. Emphasized results of the research are the following: for the first time an algorithm of similarity transformation offers an opportunity to reduce an initially large network into a considerably smaller network that is convenient to use in the analysis of social networks and epidemic processes of content distribution; resulting assessments of metrics and characteristics of suspended networks, in contrast to analogues, give an opportunity to consider weight properties of the network and present an apparatus for studying properties of harmful content distribution in suspended heterogeneous social networks; in this case, discrete macro-models of the epidemic process differ from the analogues, they specifically simulate a suspended heterogeneous social network, including filler of the vertices (agents quality) and network bandwidth (the traffic that passes along the communication lines of the network).

Keywords:

Suspended graph,vertex,traffic,algorithm,

Refference:

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VI. Ermakov, S.A., Zavorykin, A.S., Kolenbet, N.S., Ostapenko, A.G., & Kalashnikov, A.O (2014). Optimization of expert methods used to analyze information security risk in modern wireless networks. Life Science Journal, 11(10s), 511-514.
VII. Evin, I.A., &Habibullin, T.F. (2012). Social networks. Computer studies and modeling, 4(2), 423–430.
VIII. Islamgulova, V.V., Ostapenko, A.G., Radko, N.M., Babadzhanov, R.K., &Ostapenko, O.A. (2016). Discreet risk-models of the process of the development of virus epidemics in non-uniform networks. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 306-315.
IX. Kuwata, Y. (2009). Decomposition algorithm for global reachability analysis on a time-varying graph as applied to planetary exploration. International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems.
X. Monjardet, B., &Raderinirina, V. (2001). The duality between the antiexchange closure operators and the path independent choice operators on a finite set. Mathematical Social Sciences, 41, 131-150.
XI. Newman, M.E.J. (2006). Finding community structure in networks using the eigenvectors of matrices. Physical Review Letters, 74, 1-22.
XII. Ostapenko, A.G., Bursa, M.V., Ostapenko, G.A., &Butrik, D.O. (2014). Flood-attacks within the hypertext information transfer protocol: damage assessment and management. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia, 11(Spl.End), 173-176.
XIII. Ostapenko, A.G., Plotnikova, D.A., &Guzev, U.N. (2016). Weighted Network Metrics. Information and Security, 19(2), 258-261.
XIV. Ostapenko, G.A., Parinova, L.V., Belonozhkin, V.I., Bataronov, I.L., & Simonov, K.V. (2013). Analytical models of information-psychological impact of social information networks on users. World Applied Sciences Journal, 25(3), 410-415.
XV. Ostapenko, G.A., Plotnicov, D.G., Makarov, O.Y, Tikhomirov, N.M., &Yurasov, V.G. (2013). Analytical estimation of the component viability of distribution automated information data system. World Applied Sciences Journal, 25(3), 416-420.
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XX. Radko, N.M., Ostapenko, A.G., Mashin, S.V., Ostapenko, O.A., &Avdeev, A.S. (2014). Peak risk assessing the process of information epidemics expansion. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia, 11(Spl.End), 251-255.
XXI. Radko, N.M., Ostapenko, A.G., Mashin, S.V., Ostapenko, O.A., &Gusev, D.V. (2014). Assessment of the system’s EPI-resistance under conditions of information epidemic expansion. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia, 11(3), 1781-1784.
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Abstract:

Terrorist attacks and their probable consequences in networks are explored with the account of the network character of the modern terrorism. By using the network resources, the structure of a network conflict of terrorist character is formalized including the metrics of its depth. Probability and entropy models of a network conflict of terrorist character are proposed, taking into account the analytical estimations and regulation of risks of conflict situations occurrence. Viewing such characteristics as the value of a filler volume unit and the network bandwidth, the authors propose analytical expressions for risk, damage, chance and durability of the critical infrastructure elements.

Keywords:

Information network,network terrorism,network conflict model,risk analysis,critical infrastructure,

Refference:

I. Antsupov, A.Ya., & Shilov, A.I. (2007). Conflictology: textbook for higher educational institutions. Saint Petersburg: Sankt Peterburg.

II. Bachilo, I.L. (2001). Informational law: fundamentals of practical information science: tutorial. Moscow: M.Yu. Tikhomirov Publishers.

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IV. Bachilo, I.L., Lopatin, V.N., Fedotov, M.A., et. al. (2001). Informational law: tutorial. Saint Petersburg: Law Center.

V. Byrd, K. (2009). War with many unknowns. Computerra, 20, 5.

VI. Ermakov, S.A., Zavorykin, A.S., Kolenbet, N.S., Ostapenko, A.G., & Kalashnikov, A.O. (2014). Optimization of expert methods used to analyze information security risk in modern wireless networks. Life Science Journal, 11(10s), 511-514.

VII. Grinyaev, S. Russia in the global information society: threats, risks and possible ways of their neutralization. Retrieved from: http://www.noravank.am/upload/pdf/419_ru.pdf.

VIII. Islamgulova, V.V., Ostapenko, A.G., Radko, N.M., Babadzhanov, R.K., & Ostapenko, O.A. (2016). Discreet risk-models of the process of the development of virus epidemics in non-uniform networks. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 306-315.

IX. Kalashnikov, A.O., Yermilov, E.V., Choporov, ON., Razinkin, K. A., & Barannikov, N.I. (2013). Attacks at crucial objects of informational and technological infrastructure: risks assessment and regulation: monograph. Voronezh: Scientific Book.

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XII. Miroshnikov, B. N. (2002). Fighting against crimes in the sphere of information technologies. Security systems, 5(47), 10-11.

XIII. Newman, M.E.J. (2001). The structure of scientific collaboration networks. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 404–409.

XIV. Newman, M.E.J. (2003a). Ego-centered networks and the ripple effect. Soc. Networks, 25, 83–95.

XV. Newman, M.E.J. (2003b). Mixing patterns in networks. Phys. Rev. E 67.

XVI. Newman, M.E.J. (2003c). The structure and function of complex networks. SIAM Rev. 45, 167–256.

XVII. Newman, M.E.J. (2005). A measure of betweenness centrality based on random walks. Soc. Networks, 27, 39–54.

XVIII. Newman, M.E.J. Power laws, Pareto distributions and Zipf’s law. Retrieved from: https://vk.com/dev/openapi_api.

XIX. Newman, M.E.J., & Girvan, M. (2004). Finding and evaluating community structure in networks. Phys. Rev. E 69, 72–93.

XX. Nikitov, V.A. (2000). Information support of public administration. Moscow: Slavonic dialogue.

XXI. Ostapenko, A.G., Bursa, M.V., Ostapenko, G.A., & Butrik, D.O. (2014). Flood-attacks within the hypertext information transfer protocol: damage assessment and management. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia, 11, 173-176.

XXII. Ostapenko, A.G., Yermilov, E.V., & Kalashnikov, A.O. (2013a). Risks of lameness, chances of usefulness and component resilience of automated systems under conditions of information threats impact on them. Information and safety, 16(2), 215-218.

XXIII. Ostapenko, A.G., Yermilov, E.V., & Kalashnikov, A.O. (2013b). Innovative trends and information risks of development of the IT sphere in the context of providing crucial objects. Information and safety, 16(3), 323-334.

XXIV. Ostapenko, G.A. (2006). Stochastic Models and the Secondary Effects Analysis of the Informational-Derivative Action in the Sociotechnical Systems. CSIT 2, 32-34.

XXV. Ostapenko, G.A., Karpeev, D.O., Plotnikov, D.G., Batishchev, R.V., Goncharov, I.V., Maslikhov, P.A., et al. (2010). Risks of the distributed systems: techniques and algorithms of assessment and management. Information and safety, 13(4), 485-530.

XXVI. Ostapenko, G.A., Linets, A.L., Guzev, Yu.N., & Chapurin, E.Yu. (2015). Characteristics of the network conflict and capacities of networks. Management of information risks and safety of infocommunication systems, 4, 72-92.

XXVII. Ostapenko, G.A., Parinova, L.V., Belonozhkin, V.I., Bataronov, I.L., & Simonov, K.V. (2013). Analytical models of information-psychological impact of social information networks on users. World Applied Sciences Journal, 25 (3), 410-415.

XXVIII. Ostapenko, G.A., Plotnikov, D.G., Makarov, O.Y., Tikhomirov, N.M., & Yurasov, V.G. (2013). Analytical estimation of the component viability of distribution automated information data system. World Applied Sciences Journal, 25 (3), 416-420.

XXIX. Ostapenko, O.A. (2005). Methodology of a risk assessment and securities of systems. Information and safety, 8(8), 28.

XXX. Panarin, I.N., & Panarin, L.G. (2003). Information war and peace. Moscow: OLMA-PRESS.

XXXI. Pastor–Satorras, R., & Vespignani, A. (2001a). Epidemic dynamics, endemic states in complex networks. Phys. Rev. E., 101 – 104.

XXXII. Pastor–Satorras, R., & Vespignani, A. (2001b). Epidemic Spreading in Scale–Free Networks. Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 45 – 56.
XXXIII. Pastor–Satorras, R., & Vespignani, A. (2002). Absence of epidemic threshold in scale–free networks with connectivity correlations. Phys. Rev. Lett. Pub.: American Physical Society, 90(2), 1 – 4.

XXXIV. Pastor–Satorras, R., & Vespignani, A. (2003). Epidemic spreading in complex networks with degree correlations. Contribution to the Proceedings of the 28th Sitges Conference ‘Statistical Mechanics of Complex Networks’. Berlin, 165 – 170.

XXXV. Pastor–Satorras, R., & Vespignani, A. (2004). Topology, Hierarchy, Correlations in Internet Graphs. Lecture Notes in Physics. Springer, 425 – 440.

XXXVI. Radko, N.M., Ostapenko, A.G., Mashin, S.V., Ostapenko, O.A., & Avdeev, A.S. (2014). Peak risk assessing the process of information epidemics expansion. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia, 11, 251-255.

XXXVII. Radko, N.M., Ostapenko, A.G., Mashin, S.V., Ostapenko, O.A., & Gusev, D.V. (2014). Assessment of the system’s EPI-resistance under conditions of information epidemic expansion. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia, 11 (3), 1781-1784.

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Abstract:

This paper considers the varieties and peculiarities of content perception in social networks. It analyzes the data about communication topology and the probability of user’s infection. The methodology of the representative sampling is suggested. The authors focused on discrete simulation of the epidemic process. In this connection, the topological models were used as a triadic predicate (vertex-arc-vertex) describing the incidence and communication strength of social network users. In this context, the matrices have been built: of the vertices degree, the weighted centrality of the network elements, and the specific balance of the content volume. These matrices characterize the topological properties of the weighted (taking into account the traffic of its arcs and vertices) of the network from which then the sampling takes place. This is due to the need to reduce the size of the network being analyzed and therefore its representative truncation is carried out, i.e. the conversion of the original data to a form suitable for later simulation of epidemics. The paper introduces a fairly detailed review of the variety of content circulating in social networks. For its intended purpose, content is divided into entertainment, useful, news, user, reputation, interactive, and commercial. Special attention is paid to destructions in content as well as the ways to draw attention to it. All of this constitutes an information base for modeling the diffusion processes of content in social networks. The above matrices serve this purpose. In addition, the paper introduces the results of the proposed methodology use in application to the development of information support required for the modeling of social networks. In this context, an example of a three-dimensional illustration of the source network and its representative sample by level of specific traffic is given. The issue of the mutation of the distribution law of verteces degrees during representative sample was discussed. In the discussion of the results obtained in the paper, the directions of further improvement of the methodology has been formulated which could be used as a basis for other researchers. First of all they are the following: structural and parametric details of social networks descriptions, comprehensive research of the content constructs and ways of its promotion in the network, taking into account the change dynamics of analyzed network parameters, and users participation in several information communities at the same time. This would greatly enrich the information support for social networks modeling.

Keywords:

Social network,epidemic,content,probability of infection,representative sample of data,

Refference:

I. Find the Most Shared Content and Key Influencers. – Электрон. дан. – Режимдоступа: http://buzzsumo.com.
II. Большая инструкция для начинающих SMM специалистов Точка доступа: http://www.terehoff.com/the-best-smm-manual.html
III. https://habrahabr.ru/post/286662/.
IV. Neil Patel. How Long Should Each Blog Post Be? A Data Driven Answer –https://www.quicksprout.com/2014/03/31/how-long- should-each- blog-post- be-a- data-driven- answer/.
V. KONECT (the Koblenz Network Collection) Social Network statistics and analysis. –http://konect.uni-koblenz.de
VI. https://ru-ru.facebook.com.
VII. https://vk.com.
VIII. http://androidconnect.ru/statistika-facebook- kolichestvo-aktivnyh- polzovatelej-naschityvaetsya- okolo-1- 7-milliarda-ezhemesyachno- 2.
IX. https://plus.google.com.
X. https://soundcloud.com.
XI. https://www.youtube.com.
XII. https://www.flickr.com/
XIII. http://ratengoods.com.
XIV. https://ru.foursquare.com.
XV. http://tourout.ru.
XVI. http://www.wikireality.ru/wiki/4pda.
XVII. http://forum.xda-developers.com.
XVIII. https://www.reddit.com.
XIX. https://www.blogger.com.
XX. https://www.tumblr.com.
XXI. http://www.livejournal.com.
XXII. http://digg.com
XXIII. https://slashdot.org.
XXIV. http://www.bibsonomy.org.
XXV. http://www.advogato.org.
XXVI. http://www.last.fm/ru.
XXVII. http://www.ligo.org.
XXVIII. Ostapenko, G.A. Analytical estimation of the component viability of distribution automated information datasystem / G.A. Ostapenko, D.G. Plotnicov, O.Y Makarov, N.M. Tikhomirov, V.G. Yurasov // World AppliedSciences Journal. – 2013. – 25 (3). – P. 416-420.
XXIX. Ostapenko, G.A. Analytical models of information-psychological impact of social information networks on users /G.A. Ostapenko, L.V. Parinova, V.I. Belonozhkin, I.L. Bataronov, K.V. Simonov // World Applied SciencesJournal. – 2013. – 25 (3). – P. 410-415.
XXX. Ermakov, S.A. Optimization of expert methods used to analyze information security risk in modern wirelessnetworks / S.A. Ermakov, A.S. Zavorykin, N.S. Kolenbet, A.G. Ostapenko, A.O Kalashnikov // Life ScienceJournal. – 2014. – № 11(10s). – P. 511-514.
XXXI. Radko, N.M. Assessment of the system's EPI-resistance under conditions of information epidemic expansion‏ /N.M. Radko, A.G. Ostapenko, S.V. Mashin, O.A. Ostapenko, D.V. Gusev // Biosciences Biotechnology ResearchAsia. – 2014. – Vol. 11 (3). – P. 1781-1784.
XXXII. Radko, N.M. Peak risk assessing the process of information epidemics expansion / N.M. Radko, A.G. OstapenkoS.V. Mashin, O.A. Ostapenko, A.S. Avdeev // Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia. – 2014. – Vol. 11(Spl.End). – P. 251-255.
XXXIII. Ostapenko, A.G. Flood-attacks within the hypertext information transfer protocol: damage assessment and
XXXIV. management / A.G. Ostapenko, M.V. Bursa, G.A. Ostapenko, D.O. Butrik // Biosciences Biotechnology ResearchAsia. – 2014. – Vol. 11 (Spl.End). – P. 173-176.
XXXV. Islamgulova, V.V. Discreet risk-models of the process of the development of virus epidemics in non-uniformnetworks / V.V. Islamgulova, A.G. Ostapenko,,N.M. Radko, R.K. Babadzhanov, O.A. Ostapenko // Journal ofTheoretical and Applied Information Technology. – 2016. – P. 306-315.

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Abstract:

In this paper, the micromodels of processes infection with the social networks users content as well as users in the process of two contents conflicting have been substantiated. The methodological support is suggested for epidemic risk analysis of social networks. The methodological approach is based on the probabilistic representation of the user's infection process, where its different states takes place during the content perception. For the assessment of the values of the transition probabilities between these states, the results of statistical studies obtained for networks were used : communication, media-content exchange, reviews and insights, group discussions, authors' accounts, social bookmarkings, according to interests. Moreover, the topics of content were taken into account: music, food, scenery, people, goods, restaurant, tickets, stocks, health, nuclear weapons, war, business, society, cooperation, etc. In addition, there was a recalculation in conditional probabilities when considering the problem of collision of competing contents, including the specifics of social network analysis from the point of view of risk assessment of the spreading the destructive content and the user's chances to perceive positive information. This approach actually considers the situations being relevant to network confrontation when there is a collision of competing contents in the network, and their diffusion takes place under influence of the conditional probabilities of the   network vertex transition into one or other  state of perception of these contents. In this regard, the models taking into account the loss and retention of immunity in relation to the impacted contents were considered . At the same time, the model of contents confrontation offered in the paper is arised from the capabilities of multiple states of network vertex. For this purpose, the appropriate analytical expressions for conditional probabilities of transition from the state to the state of network user have been obtained. To discuss the possible practical application of the proposed methodology,  this paper considers the analytical assessment of risks and chances of content diffusion in the network  This approach is based on the weighting of the network elements, where their  specific traffics are logically used, easily computed from these publicly available social networks. The weighted sets of infected and other vertices characterize in this case the results of the epidemic process at its different stages. The corresponding analytic expressions are also suggested for the case of several contents collision in a network.

Keywords:

Social network,epidemic,micromodels of the epidemic process,microfractal,

Refference:

I. Agarwal A. Sentiment analysis of Twitter data / A.Agarwal, B. Xie, I. Vovsha, O. Rambow, R. Passonneau// LSM ’11 Proceedings of the Workshop on Languages in Social Media, Association for Computational Linguistics.–2011.– P. 623.

II. Amna D. Social Relevance for review probabilities / D. Amna,H. Hatem // International Conference on Control, Engineering & Information Technology (CEIT’13) Proceedings Engineering & Technology. –2013. – Vol.1.
III. Bild D. Aggregate Characterization of User Behavior in Twitter and Analysis of the Retweet Graph / D.Bild, R. Dick, Y.Liu, Z.Mao //Texas CSSI.–2014.– Vol. 2.
IV. Cha M. Flash Floods and Ripples: The Spread of Media Content through the Blogosphere / M.Cha, J. A. N.Perez, H.Haddadi // 3rd Int’l AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (ICWSM) Data Challenge Workshop. – 2009.– Vol. 12.
V. Ermakov, S.A. Optimization of expert methods used to analyze information security risk in modern wireless networks / S.A. Ermakov, A.S. Zavorykin, N.S. Kolenbet, A.G. Ostapenko, A.O Kalashnikov // Life Science Journal. – 2014. – № 11(10s). – P. 511-514.
VI. Fragkiskos D. Mining Social and Information Networks / D.Fragkiskos //UCSD Artificial Intelligence Seminar. – 2016.– P. 123-145.
VII. Gao B. Topic-Level Social NetworkSearch / B.Gao, J. Tang , Y.Wan, S.Wu // 17th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining in New York– 2014 – P. 769–772.
VIII. Guilherme F. Role of centrality for the identification of influential spreaders in complex networks / F.Guilherme, L.Andre, M.Pablo, A.Francisco // Universidade de São Paulo, Biblioteca Digital da ProduçãoIntelectual – BDPI. –2014. – P. 2–8.
IX. Islamgulova, V.V. Discreet risk-models of the process of the development of virus epidemics in non-uniform networks / V.V. Islamgulova, A.G. Ostapenko,,N.M. Radko, R.K. Babadzhanov, O.A. Ostapenko // Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology. – 2016. – P. 306-315.
X. Kristian K. Maximum Entropy Models of Shortest Pathand Outbreak Distributions in Networks / K.Kristian, H.Fabian // Cambridge University Press. –2015. – Vol. 68.
XI. LiJ.Social network user influence sense-making and dynamics prediction / J.Li,Q.Li, T.Li,W.Peng, T.Sun, J.Xu //Expert Systems with Applications.–2014. – P. 5115–5124.
XII. Mislove A. Measurement and Analysis of Online Social Networks / A.Mislove, M.Marcon, K. P.Gummadi, P.Druschel, B.Bhattacharjee, Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement.– 2012.– P. 29–42.
XIII. Myers S.A. Information diffusion and external influence in networks /S.A. Myers, C. Zhu, J. Leskovec//Proceedings of the 18th ACM SIGKDD international conference on knowledge discovery and data mining ACM. – 2015. – P. 33–41.

XIV. Ostapenko, A.G. Flood-attacks within the hypertext information transfer protocol: damage assessment and management / A.G. Ostapenko, M.V. Bursa, G.A. Ostapenko, D.O. Butrik // Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia. – 2014. – Vol. 11 (Spl.End). – P. 173-176.

XV. Ostapenko, G.A. Analytical estimation of the component viability of distribution automated information data system / G.A. Ostapenko, D.G. Plotnicov, O.Y Makarov, N.M. Tikhomirov, V.G. Yurasov // World Applied Sciences Journal. – 2013. – 25 (3). – P. 416-420.

XVI. Ostapenko, G.A. Analytical models of information-psychological impact of social information networks on users / G.A. Ostapenko, L.V. Parinova, V.I. Belonozhkin, I.L. Bataronov, K.V. Simonov//World Applied Sciences Journal. – 2013. – 25 (3). – P. 410-415.

XVII. Radko, N.M. Assessment of the system’s EPI-resistance under conditions of information epidemic expansion‏ / N.M. Radko, A.G. Ostapenko, S.V. Mashin, O.A. Ostapenko, D.V. Gusev // Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia. – 2014. – Vol. 11 (3). – P. 1781-1784.

XVIII. Radko, N.M. Peak risk assessing the process of information epidemics expansion / N.M. Radko, A.G. Ostapenko, S.V. Mashin, O.A. Ostapenko, A.S. Avdeev // Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia. – 2014. – Vol. 11 (Spl.End). – P. 251-255.

XIX. Romero D. Differences in the mechanics of information diffusion across topics: idioms,political hashtags, and complex contagion on twitter / D.Romero, B.Meeder, J.Kleinberg // Proceedings of the 20th international conference on world wide web ACM. – 2015. – P. 695–704.

XX. Skaza J. Mathematical Modeling of Trending Topics on Twitter / J.Skaza // Senior Capstone Project for JonathanS. Skaza. –2014. – P. 3–5.

XXI. Sun E. Gesundheit! Modeling contagion through Facebook news feed / E.Sun, I.Rosenn, C.Marlow, T. Lento//ICWSM. – 2014. – P. 56-60.

XXII. Tang M. A dynamic microblog network and information dissemination in “@” mode / M.Tang, X.Mao, S.Yang, H.Zhou // Math ProblEng. – 2014. – P. 1–15.

XXIII. Tixier A. J. A Graph Degeneracy-based Approach to Keyword Extraction / A. J. Tixier, F. D.Malliaros, M.Vazirgiannis//Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP). – 2016. – Vol. 22.

XXIV. Woo J. An event-driven SIR model for topic diffusion in web forums / J.Woo, H.Chen // IEEE international conference on intelligence and security informatics (ISI). – 2012. – P. 108–113.

XXV. Woo J. Epidemic model for information diffusion in web forums: experiments in marketing exchange and political dialog / J. Woo, H. Chen // Springer Plus – a Springer open journal. –2016 – P. 7–15.

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Abstract:

Abrasive wheels are normally classified by the various signs that have to be assured at the manufacture stage. Until now, there has been a lack of the information on the assessment of the impact of abrasive wheels on output parameters of the part surface quality. This study uses the cluster analysis method to group subjects or phenomena under consideration subject to the measures of position (means, medians) and dispersion. Abrasive wheels of 14 types are classified into three groups that have similar cutting power in terms of the quality of 1933Т2 high-strength aluminium alloy ground parts. The first cluster comprises the following wheels:37C46I12VP, 37C(46,60,80)K12VP, 39C(46,80)(I,K)12VP, 08C(46,70)12V01(P01,P02), 63C40L7V; second – 5SG46K12VXP, TGX80I12VCF; third – 39C(46,60)K8VK.It has been established that, other than Russian abrasive tool 63C40L7V, the first cluster comprises high-porous wheels (HPW) by Norton and Molemad of 12th structure that yield the most precise forms and micro-hardness of parts. Cluster 3 comprises two Norton wheels with normal pores (grade 8) that yield the cleanest surface:one-two categorial values (GOST 2789–79) lower than HPW. Cluster 2 wheels were tested and showed the lowest performance.

Keywords:

Flat grinding,abrasive wheels,nonparametric statistics,median,measure of dispersion,cluster analysis,

Refference:

I. Abrasive Articles with Novel Structures and Methods of Grinding: US Patent 7275980 / A. Bonner [et al.] /Saint–Gobain Abrasives Technology Company: filed March 21, 2003; publ. October 2, 2007.

II. Anderberg M.R. Cluster Analysis for Application. New York, Academic Press, 1973. P. 359.

III. Dulichenko I.V. Management of process characteristics of the grinding by high-porous abrasive tools [Upravleniyetekhnologicheskimikharakteristi-kamiprotsessashlifovaniyavysokoporistymabrazivnyminstrumentom]. Extended abstract of Ph.D. thesis in Engineering: 05.03.01 / Dulichenko Igor Viktorovich. Volgograd, 2006. P. 15.

IV. Duran B., Odell P. Cluster analysis. Moscow: Statistics, 1977. P. 128.

V. GOST 24642-81. Tolerances of form and position. Basic terms and definitions. Effective as of July 1, 2006. Moscow: Publishing house of standards, 1981. P. 68.

VI. GOST 25142-82. Surface roughness. Terms and definitions. Effective as of January 1, 1983. Moscow: Publishing house of standards, 1987. P. 22.

VII. GOST 25142-82. Surface roughness. Terms and definitions. Effective as of February 18, 1982. Moscow: Publishing house of standards, 1982. P. 22.

VIII. GOST 2789-73. Surface roughness. Parameters, characteristics and designations. Effective as of January 1, 1975. Moscow: Publishing house of standards, 1973. P. 10.

IX. GOST 3647-80. Abrasives. Grain sizing. Graininess and fractions. Test methods. Effective as of January 1, 1982. Moscow: Publishing house of standards, 2004. P. 19.

X. GOST 9450-76. Measurements of microhardness by diamond instruments indentation. Effective as of January 1, 1977. Moscow: Publishing house of standards, 1993. P. 36.
XI. GOST R 52381-2005. Abrasive materials. Grain and grain size distribution of grinding powders. Test of grain size distribution. Effective as of July 1, 2006. Moscow: Standartinform, 2005. P. 15.

XII. GOST R 52587-2006. Abrasive tools. Designations and hardness test methods. Effective as of January 1, 2008. Moscow: Standartinform, 2007. P. 12.

XIII. GOST R ISO 5725-2-2002. Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results. Part 2. Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method. Effective as of January 11, 2002. Moscow: Publishing house of standards, 2002. P. 58.

XIV. Hollander M., Wolfe D.A. Nonparametric statistical methods. New Jersey, Wiley–Interscience, 1999. P. 787.
XV. ISO 1365–3: 2000. Geometrical product specifications (GPS). Surface texture: Profile method. Surfaces having stratified functional properties. Part 3: Height characterization using the material probability curve. Geneva, International Standard, 2000. P. 20.

XVI. Jackson M.J., Davim J.P. Machining with Abrasives. Springer, 2011. P. 423.

XVII. Jambu M. Multivariate cluster analysis and regularities. Moscow: Finance and statistics, 1988. P. 342.

XVIII. Kremen Z.I., Yuryev V.G. Grinding with super abrasives of high-ductile alloys [Shlifovaniyesuperabrazivamivysokoplastichnykhsplavov]. St.-Petersburg: Polytechnic University publishing house, 2013. P. 167.

XIX. Mandel I.D. Cluster analysis. Moscow: Finance and statistics, 1988. P. 176.

XX. Pollard J. Reference book on computation statistical methods // Translation from English. Finance and statistics, 1982. P. 344.

XXI. SolerYa.I., Mai Dinh Si. Assessment of the impact of Norton high-porous abrasive discs made of black silicon carbide on the accuracy of the form of ground parts made of BT20 [Otsenkavliyaniyavysokoporistykhabrazivnykhkrugov Norton izchernogokarbidakremniyanatochnostformyshlifuyemykhdetaleyiz VT20] // News of the Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2015. Vol. 17. No. 6(2). P. 472–478.

XXII. SolerYa.I., Mai Dinh Si. Increasing the effectiveness of the usage of silicon carbide abrasive wheels for the flat grinding of BT20 titanium alloy [Povy-sheniyeeffektivnostiispolzovaniyakarbidkremniyevykhabraziv-nykhkrugovpriploskomshlifovaniititanovogosplava VT20] // Bulletin of the Irkutsk State Technical University, 2016. No. 8(115). P. 43–56.

XXIII. SolerYa.I., Nguyen Van Canh, Kazimirov D.Yu. Classification of flat instrumental plates by topography of ground surface using cluster analysis // ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2016. Vol. 11. Issue 21. P. 12715 – 12723.

XXIV. SolerYа.I., Nguyen Chi Kien. Forecasting grain contribution of highly wheels Norton in the formation of microrelief flat parts of high-strength aluminium alloy 1933T2 / Ya.I. Soler, C. K. Nguyen // International Scientific Review. London, United Kingdom. 2015. No. 6 (7). P. 7–17.

XXV. SolerYа.I., Nguyen Chi Kien. Statistical assessment of grindability of flat parts made of aluminium alloys [Statisticheskiyeotsenkishlifuyemostip-loskikhdetaleyizalyuminiyevykhsplavov] // Fundamental and experimental challenges related to methods and technology, 2017. No. 5 (325). P. 53-64.

XXVI. Suslov A.G. Technological support of the parameters of the condition of the surface layer of the parts [Tekhnologicheskoyeobespecheniyeparame-trovsostoyaniyapoverkhnostnogosloyadetaley] / Suslov A.G. Moscow: Mashinostroyeniye publishing house, 1987. P. 208.

XXVII. Tawakoli T. High–Efficiency Deep Grinding: Technology, Process Planning and Economic Application / ed. C.G. Barrett. Düsseldorf: VDI–Verlag; London: Mechanical Engineering Publications, 1993. P. 141.

XXVIII. Webster J., Tricard M. Innovations in Abrasive Products for Precision Grinding // CIRP Annals – Manufacturing Technology. Vol. 53. Issue 2. P. 597–617.

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Abstract:

Specific features of the operation of ultra-wideband power dividers based on coupled lines under the influence of picosecond impulses are considered. The divider consists of seven links: a single-stage splitter on a three-wire strip line and six cascades of quarter-wave transformers on two-wire coupled lines. The possibility of using dividers as combiners of pulse signals fed to the outputs of the dividers is shown. It is shown that the decoupling of the output ports and the transmission factor between the input port and the output ports, measured in the pulsed mode and under the influence of the chirp signal, are significantly different. Conditions for increasing the decoupling of the divider outputs in the pulsed mode are given.The divider is made on a ceramic substrate with an area of 5.5×1.2 mm and provides decoupling in the frequency band from 10 GHz to 67 GHz not worse than 18 dB, and maximum return losses not worse than 12 dB at insertion loss from –3,5 to –4.4 dB in frequency range.

Keywords:

A super-broadband divider,the combiner of impulses,picosecond and nanosecond impulses,divider model as a six-pole,ABCD-matrix of divider/combiner,boundary conditions for the incident and the reflected waves in microwave devices,

Refference:

I. A.M. Nicolson, C.L. Bennett, D. Lamensdorf, and L. Susman, Application of Time-Domain Metrology to the Automation of Broadband Microwave Measurement, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., 1972, Jan.,v. 20, No1, PP.3-9.
II. Analysis and Design of Integrated Circuit– Antenna Modules Edited by K.C. Gupta, Peter S. Hall, 2000, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 424 p.
III. EnricMiralles, Bernhard Schönlinner, Volker Ziegler, and Frank Ellinger, Fast design method and validation of very wideband tapered Wilkinson divider, 2015 European Microwave Conference (EuMC), 2015, P. 119 – 122. DOI: 10.1109/EuMC.2015.7345714.
IV. Harmuth H.R., Boules R.N., Hussain M.G.M. Electromagnetic Signals: Reflection, Focusing, Distortion and Their Practical Applications; – New York: Kluwer Academic / Plenum Press, 1999. 214 p.
V. In Bok Kim; Ki Hyuk Kwon; Seung Bok Kwon; WahabMohyuddin; Hyun Chul Choi; Kang Wook Kim, Ultra-wideband multi-section power divider on suspended stripline, 2017 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS), 2017, Pp. 427 – 430. DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2017.8058587.
VI. Lingxiao Jiao, Yongle Wu, Yuanan Liu, QuanXue, and ZabihGhassemlooy, Wideband Filtering Power Divider With Embedded Transversal Signal-Interference Sections, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 27, No. 12, December 2017, pp. 1068-1070. DOI:10.1109/LMWC.2017.2758761.
VII. N. Kheirodin, L. Nevou, H. Machhadani, P. Crozat, L. Vivien, M. Tchernycheva, A. Lupu, F.H. Julien, G. Pozzovivo, S. Golka, G. Strasser, F. Guillot, and E. Monroy. Electro optical Modulator at Telecommunication Wavelengths Based on GaN–AlN Coupled Quantum Wells, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2008, Vol. 20, Issue 9. Pp. 724 – 726.
VIII. Nam S., El-Ghazaly S., Ling H., Itoh T. Time-Domain Method of Lines // IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Dig., 1988, May. -PP.627-630.
IX. Nikolai Drobotun, Dmitry Yanchuk, EvgenyKhoroshilov. Compact Planar Ultra-Wideband Power Dividers with Frequency Range up to 67 GHz for Multichannel Receivers, Proceedings of the 46th European Microwave Conference, 3-7 October 2016. London, UK, 2016. Pp. 198-201.
X. OkanÜnlü, Ultra wideband tapered power combiner/divider M.S. in Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Abdullah Atalar, October, 2014, 75 pp.
XI. Tzu Han Wang, and JauHrong Chen, Power recycling using Wilkinson power combiner with pulsewidth modulation, 2017 IEEE International Symposium on Radio-Frequency Integration Technology (RFIT), Year: 2017, Pages: 223 – 225. DOI: 10.1109/RFIT.2017.8048257.

XII. Ultra-wideband (UWB) Wilkinson power divider with ultra-narrow dual-notched bands using embedded CPW resonators, Jie Zhou; Huizhen Jenny Qian; Darong Huang; XunLuo, 2017 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS), 2017, Pp. 416 – 419. DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.2017.8058583.
XIII. V.N. Fedorov, and N.D. Malyutin, Nonlinear Properties of a Strip Transmission Line Based on Carbon Fiber, 2016 International Symposium on Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering. University Politechnica of Bucharest, Romania, June 30 – Julay 2, 2016. DOI:10.1109/ISFEE.2016.7803222.
XIV. V.N. Fedorov, N.B. Drobotun, P.A. Mikheev and N.D. Malyutin, A demultiplexing unit for separating incident and reflected nano- and picosecond pulse signals, Instruments and Experimental Techniques, Vol. 60, Issue 1, 1 January 2017, Pp. 58-60. DOI: 10.1134/S0020441217010018.
XV. Vincent F. Fusco, Microwave Circuits Analysis and Computer-Aided Design. Prentice-Hall International (UK) Ltd., 1987.
XVI. Xuedao Wang, Jianpeng Wang, Gang Zhang, Jia-Sheng Hong; and Wen Wu, Dual-Wideband Filtering Power Divider With Good Isolation and High Selectivity, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, 2017, Vol. 27, Issue: 12, pp. 1071 – 1073. DOI: 10.1109/LMWC.2017.2758318.
XVII. М. Ghavami, L.B Michael., R. Kohno. Ultra Wideband Signals and Systems in Communication Engineering. – London: John Wiley & Sons, 2004.

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Abstract:

Correlated color temperature (CCT) is a value that characterizes thechromaticity of radiation and it is also used for calculation of color rendering according to the metrics CRI and CQS and also in the theoretical researches. And if in the first case the specific accuracy is not required during its estimation because there are chromatic thresholds within the limits of which CCT is accepted to be the same, in the second and the third cases the accuracy of the methods cannot be neglected. Also, due to the fact that there are several methods of the CCT calculation, all of them possess different degree of complexity and accuracy and the researchers face the problem what method and in what case they shall prefer.The above mentioned determines the urgency of the studied problem. The objective of the article is to determine the distribution of the CCT absolute error in the field of its determination for the most well-known methods: Robertson’s method, Yoshi Ohno’s method, Javier Hernandez-Andres’ method, McCamy’s method. The leading approach to the research of this problem is to use the coordinates of chromaticity located on the lines of the constant correlated color temperature with the further evaluation of the absolute error as the initial data for the CCT calculation. As a result of the research it was revealed that the numerical methods of Robertson and Yoshi Ohno are significantly more precise than the analytical methods of Hernandez-Andres and McCamy in the whole CCT definition domain. On the base of the obtained distributions of the absolute error the recommendation can be given to use the different methods of calculation for different cases. The work compares the “classical” variant of Robertson’s method using the 31 isotherm and the variants with a bigger number of isotherms. It is shown that when the step between the isotherms is reducing the error is decreasing too. The developed method of estimation of the CCT calculation is universal and can be applied to other methods apart the methods considered in the article.

Keywords:

Correlated color temperature,Planckianlocus,blackbodylocus,line of constant correlated temperature,chromaticity coordinates,absolute error,

Refference:

I. 12Schanda, J., 2007. Colorimetry.Understanding the CIE system, pp: 499.

II. C. S. McCamy, “Correlated color temperature as an explicit function of chromaticity coordinates,” Color Res. Appl. 17, 142–144 (1992).

III. CIE 15: Technical Report: Colorimetry, 3rd edition. – 2004.

IV. Hernandez-Andres, J, 1999. Calculating correlated color temperatures across the entire gamut of day light and sky light chromaticities. Journal Of The Optical Society Of America, 38 (27): 5703 –5709.

V. Kelly, K. L. Lines of Constant Correlated Color Temperature Basedon Mac Adam’s (u,v) Uniform Chromaticity Transformation of the CIE Diagram/ K. L. Kelly // JournalOfTheOpticalSocietyOfAmerica. – 1963. – V 53, N 8. – pp. 999- 1002.

VI. Krystek M. Analgorithm to calculate correlated colour temperature/M. Krystek// Color Res. Appl. 10, 38–40. – 1985.

VII. Matplotlib [Electronicsource]. – Electronic data and programs– Accessmode:http://matplotlib.org/, free. – Accessed date: 21.12.17

VIII. Numpy [Electronicsource]. – Electronic data and programs– Accessmode: http://www.numpy.org/, free. – Accessed date: 21.12.17

IX. Ohno, Y., 2013. Practical Use and Calculation of CCT and Duv. The Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, pp: 47-55.

X. Ohta, N., Robertson, A. R., 2005. Colorimetry. Fundamentals and Applications, pp: 354.

XI. Prytkov, S. V., 2015. Calculations of lines of constant correlated color temperature. Problems and perspectives of development of national lighting engineering, electrical engineering and power engineering: materials of the XII All-Russian Scientific and Technical Conference with international participation, Saransk, p.:191-196.[Prytkov, S. V., 2015. O raschetepostoyannoykorrelirovannoytsvetovoytemperatury. Problemiperspektivyrazvitiyaotechestvennoysvetotekhniki, elektrotekhniki i energetiki: mat. XII Vseros. Nauch.-tekh.konf.Smezhdunar. Uchastiem, Saransk, s.:191-196.]

XII. Prytkov, S. V., 2015. New calculation table to determine correlated color temperature according to Robertson’s method. Problems and perspectives of development of national lighting engineering, electrical engineering and power engineering: materials of the XII All-Russian Scientific and Technical Conference with international participation, Saransk,p.: 196 – 202. [Prytkov, S. V., 2015. Novaya raschetnayatablitsadlyaopredeleniyakorrelirovannoytsvetovoytemperaturypometoduRobertsona. Problemiperspektivyrazvitiyaotechestvennoysvetotekhniki, elektrotekhniki i energetiki: mat. XII Vseros. Nauch.-tekh.konf.smezhdunar. uchastiem, Saransk, s.: 196 – 202.]

XIII. Python [Electronic source]. – Electronic data and programs – Access mode: https://www.python.org/, free. – Accessed date: 12.04.15 17 Tarrant A. W. S. Thespectralpowerdistributionofdaylight/ A. W. S. Tarrant// Trans. Illum. Eng. Soc. 33, 75–82. –1968

XIV. Robertson, A. R. 1968. Computation of correlated color temperature and distribution temperature. Journal Of The Optical Society Of America, 58: 1528 –1535.
XV. Schanda J. “Correlatedcolortemperaturecalculationsinthe CIE 1976 UCS diagram/ J. Schanda, M. Da ́nyi//ColorRes. Appl. 2, 161–163. –1977.

XVI. Schanda J. Calculating correlated color temperature with a desktop programmable calculator/J. Schanda, M. Me ́sza ́ros, G. Czibula//Color Res. Appl. 3, 65–68. –1978.

XVII. SciPy [Electronicsource]. – Electronic data and programs– Accessmode: http://www.scipy.org/, free. – Accessed date: 21.12.17

XVIII. Wyszecki, G., 1968. Color Science: Concepts and Methods, Quantitative Data and Formulae, pp. 628.

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Abstract:

High-rise construction requires scientific and technical support, which the authors of the paper suggest to comprehend as a “Man-Technology-Environment” system. With reference to this system, it is expedient to adapt the models, methods and means of anthropo technics management. It can serve as an effective means of improving the quality of innovative process-organizational and technological solutions for high-rise construction, taking into account some specific conditions of the Russian Federation environment. One of the examples examines the problems and possibilities of arrangement (design, erection, reorganization, and in particular - building reconstruction) of different roof types. In the Russian Federation, there are significant amounts of construction of high-rise buildings with different number of floors, on the roofs of which it is possible to create architectural and landscape objects with lawns and greenery. Such roofs are called exploitable; they are also implemented as “green roofs” or “hanging gardens”. With the use of traditional building and roofing materials, traditional technologies and organizational solutions for waterproofing (so-called “screeds”), it is difficult, and sometimes practically impossible to prevent leaks and provide sustainable protection from the root systems of green plantations.A horizontal screed made of cement and sand, vertical screeds made of bricks, concrete blocks or flat asbestos-cement sheets are very laborious; when using them, “wet” processes are necessary, and asbestos-cement sheets fixing also reduces the reliability and water-resisting properties of the hydro insulation. An innovative solution to these problems is the TEFOND hydro-insulation (waterproofing) system based on a flexible polyethylene membrane. The system exhibits high density, strength, ductility and flexibility at negative temperatures, low water absorption and resistance to plant roots, reliability of roofing carpet underlay during service.

Keywords:

Scientific and technical support ,erection and reconstruction ,exploitable roofs ,screeds ,TEFOND waterproofing system,

Refference:

I. A. A. Potovalov, S. V. Tabakov. Technology and mechanization of the erection of buildings and structures. Lecture notes. [Tehnologii i mehanizaciyavozvedeniyazdaniy I struktur] [Electronic source]. – https://studfiles.net/preview/5198268/ page:12.- (Ref. Date: 3.12.2017).

II. Green roof. Green Roof Membrane. – http://sesli-zero.net/2017/32689/green-roof-membrane.- (Ref. Date: 9.12.2017).

III. Green roofs in Russia: problems and prospects. – “Green buildings”. Journal of Ecological Technologies http://green-buildings.ru/ru/zelenye-krovli-v-rossii-problemy-i-perspektivy.-

IV. Green roofs of Norway. – https://pikabu.ru/story/zelenyie_kryishi_norvegii_1882496.-(Ref. Date: 9.12.2017).

V. Green roofs of Scandinavia. – http://hyggelife.ru/zelenye-kryshi-skandinavii.html.- (Ref. Date: 9.12.2017).

VI. Hanging Gardens of Babylon – the second wonder of the world. https://www.syl.ru/article/75032/visyachie-sadyi-semiramidyi-vtoroe-chudo-sveta.- (Ref. Date: 9.12.2017).

VII. Husnu M. Kalkanoglu. Multilayer roofing sheet with mechanical interlock laminate structure. United States Patent US20080248241 dated March 28, 2008. – (Ref. Date: 3.12.2017).

VIII. John A. D’Annunzio. Technical Details: Waterproofing of Rooftop Gardens (2008) BNP Media. – https://www.roofingcontractor.com/articles/85808-technical-details-waterproofing-of-rooftop-gardens.- (Ref. Date: 3.12.2017).

IX. Johnston, J., and J. Newton. Building Green: A Guide to Using Plants on Roofs, Walls, and Pavement. London: The Ecology Unit, 1992, p. 49.

X. Konopacki, S., and Akbari, H. Measured Energy Savings and Demand Reduction from a Reflective Roof Membrane on a Large Retail Store in Austin. Op. cit., 2001.

XI. Laberge, K.M., P.E., Chicago Department of Environment. “Urban Oasis: Chicago’s City Hall Green Roof.” Presented at “Greening Rooftops for Sustainable Communities,” the First North American Green Roofs Infrastructure Conference, Awards, and Trade Show. Chicago, IL May 29-30, 2003.

XII. Living roof. Innovation technologies. http://stroy-magazin.ru/pdf/Green_roof. pdf. – (Ref. Date: 12.1.2017).

XIII. Manufacture and use of building materials, products and systems. – Volume 1: Finishing materials, products and systems. “Infographic foundations of functional system” series” (IOFS) / Ed. V.O. Chulkov, 2nd Edition. – M.: SVR-ARGUS, 2009. 296 p.

XIV. Materials for roof waterproofing. http://homedecorrs.com/en/pages/735785.- (Ref. Date: 12.01.2018).

XV. Omnova Specialty Chemicals. Nonwovens (2007). http://www.omnova.com/ products/chemicals/documents/SpecChemNonWovens_07June.pdf.- (Ref. Date: Dec 03, 2017 г.)

XVI. Overview of waterproofing membrane of different manufacturers. – http://maddyyoung. com/11123. – (Ref. Date: 3.12.2017).

XVII. Peck Steven, Chris Callaghan, Kuhn Monica, Bass Brad. Greenbacks from Green Roofs: Forging a New Industry in Canada. Toronto: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, March 1999. www.greenroofs.ca/grhcc/Greenbacks.pdf.- (Ref. Date: 12.1.2017).

XVIII. Peck Steven, Kuhn Monica E. Design Guidelines for Green Roofs. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Ontario Association of Architects, with the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation SCHL. Accessed in April 2004. www.greenroofs.com/Greenroofs101/how-tos.htm.- (Ref. Date: 12.1.2017).

XIX. Polimerosadhesivos y derivadoss.a. de c.v. Water-based impermeabilization composition for coating diverse substrates. United States Patent US20110293839 dated July 8, 2009. – (Ref. Date: 3.12.2017).

XX. Polimerosadhesivos y derivadoss.a. de c.v. Water-based impermeabilization composition for coating diverse substrates. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Patent WO2010030154A1 dated July 8, 2009. – (Ref. Date: 3.12.2017).

XXI. Robert Bartek. Highly reflective and emissive asphalt-based roofing membrane. – United States Patent US20050252137 dated June 3, 2005 (Ref. Date: 3.12.2017).

XXII. Roger L. Souther. Nonwoven polymeric fiber mat composites and method. United States Patent US20060228963 dated March 15, 2006. (Ref. Date: 3.12.2017).

XXIII. Roofing materials on the European market. – http://survincity.com/2013/06/overview-of-roofing-materials-in-europe. – (Ref. Date: 3.12.2017).

XXIV. Scholz-Barth, Katrin. Green Roofs: Storm-water Management from the Top Down. Environmental Design and Construction, January/February 2001: pp. 63-69. www.edcmag.com/edc/cda/articleinformation/features/bnp_features_item/0,4120,18769,00.html.- (Ref. Date: 12.1.2017).

XXV. Scientific and technical support manual for monitoring of buildings and structures under construction, including unique, large-span and high-rise (MRDS 02-08), First edition. – Moscow, 2008. [Electronic source].-http://files.stroyinf.ru/ data2/1/4293834/4293834435.htm.- (Ref. Date: 3.12.2017).

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Abstract:

The article considers the possibility to simulate, using a differential equation, the behavior of the crowd in extreme situations. The author demonstrates the very possibility to develop a mathematical model that describes the changes in the main parameters of the crowd at each time moment. This study is conducted to predict the behavior of the crowd in a particular room, for a more efficient location of escape routes there. The simulation results show that the force of internal friction of the crowd decreases as the speed of the crowd moves from the center to the outskirts. That is, the probability that a person suffers from excessive crowd pressure is higher in the center than on the periphery. This study will be useful in such areas of human activities as building design, engineering, etc. The data obtained by the calculations can be used to arrange emergency exits in buildings to avoid human casualties in case of an emergency.

Keywords:

Mathematical modeling,differential equation,crowd linear density,speed,discharge capacity,

Refference:

I. Agafonov S.A. and MuratovaT.V. Ordinary differential equations [Obyknovennyyedifferentsial’nyyeuravneniya]. Moscow: Academy, 2008.

II. AnosovD.V. Differential equations: solved and drawn [Differentsial’nyyeuravneniya: to reshayem, to risuyem]. Moscow: MTSNMO, 2010.
III. Antidemidovich: BoyarchukA.K.,GolovachG.P. Vol.5. Part 2: Higher order differential equations, systems of differential equations, partial differential equations of the first order [Differentsial’nyyeuravneniyavysshikhporyadkov. Sistemydifferentsial’nykhuravneniy. Uravneniya v chastnykhproizvodnykhpervogoporyadka]. Moscow: LKI, 2014.

IV. Chen, Z., Wu, B., &Xu, Y. Multilevel augmentation methods for differential equations. Advances in Computational Mathematics. 2006. 24(1-4). Pp. 213–238.

V. Crowd simulation [Electronic resource]. URL: http://tm.spbstu.ru/(accessed on December 8, 2018).

VI. De la Hoz, F., &Vadillo, F. Numerical simulations of time-dependent partial differential equations. Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics. 2016. No. 295. Pp. 175–184.
VII. Elizarov, I.A., System modeling [Modelirovaniye system]. Moscow: TNT, 2013.
VIII. Hoefkens, J., Berz, M., & Makino, K. Computing Validated Solutions of Implicit Differential Equations.Advances in Computational Mathematics. 2003. Vol. 19. Issue 1-3. Pp. 231–253.
IX. Hon, Y. C., &Schaback, R. Solvability of partial differential equations by meshless kernel methods. Advances in Computational Mathematics. 2006. 28(3). Pp. 283–299.
X. Logos M., Introduction to mathematical modeling. –2015.

XI. Mora, H., Mora-Pascual, J., García-Chamizo, J. M., &Signes-Pont, M. T. 2017. Mathematical model and implementation of rational processing. Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics. Vol. 309. Pp. 575–586.
XII. PTC companies [Electronic resource], URL: https://www.ptc.com/en/products/mathcad. (accessed on December 8, 2018).
XIII. ReizlinV.I. Mathematical modeling [Matematicheskoyemodelirovaniye]. Moscow: Yurayt, 2016.
XIV. RoytmanM.Ya. Forced evacuation of people from buildings [Vynuzhdennayaevakuatsiyalyudeyizzdaniy]. Moscow: Stroiizdat, 2017..

XV. Sokolowski John A., Banks Catherine M. Handbook of Real-World Applications in Modeling and Simulation. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2012.

XVI. Scherer, G. On the numerical modelling of the transitional flow in rarefied gases. Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics. 1999. 103(1). Pp. 165–173.
XVII. Synthetic CDOs. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.

XVIII. Taneja, L., &Bolia, N. B. Network redesign for efficient crowd flow and evacuation. Applied Mathematical Modelling. 2018. Vol. 53. Pp. 251–266.
XIX. Twarogowska, M., Goatin, P., &Duvigneau, R. Macroscopic modeling and simulations of room evacuation. Applied Mathematical Modelling. 2014. Vol. 38. Issue 24. Pp. 5781–5795.
XX. Wang, J., Sun, J., & Lo, S. Randomness in the evacuation route selection of large-scale crowds under emergencies. Applied Mathematical Modelling. 2015. Vol. 39. Issue 18. Pp. 5693–5706.

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Abstract:

The urgency of the issue under consideration is stipulated by the fact that the technologies of casing string cementing traditionally applied while developing oil fields do not always provide the necessary long-term impermeability of casing support.  Therefore, this article is aimed at solving the mentioned key technological problem of well drilling. The Multi-technololgy Complex of the Wellbore Hydromechanical Hardening (KMGUS) is proposed as a basic research method.  The methodological basis for the research is the synchronization (simultaneity) of well drilling and the hydromechanical hardening of wellbores by jetting out a drilling fluid at wellbore walls. The following particular problems have been solved: maintaining stability of the uncased wellbore and hydraulic drilling conditions, ensuring maintaining of natural reservoir properties of productive formations, forming a long-term tightness of casing support and wellbore screen. The proposed method has been partially introduced into production. The results of industrial pilot tests have proved the high efficiency of KMGUS, which prevents the appearance of most problems when constructing oil and gas wells: absorption; gas, oil, and water shows, hydraulic fractures and instability of the exposed rock formations, kicks and blowouts. In addition, during the well operation, the complex provides the prevention of annular fluid shows and cross flows. As a result, the production rates for wells drilled with use of KMGUS are 2 and more times higher compared with traditional well construction technologies, water cut is lower by more than 2 times, and as a positive effect is a non-linear increase in the oil recovery factor. The article can be useful for specialists in the field of construction of oil and gas wells, scientists and graduate students studying the casing strings cementing problems

Keywords:

Oil and gas wells,control and management method,technological processes,production string cementing,wellbore hydromechanical hardening,synchronization of drilling processes,

Refference:

I. Akhmetov R.T., Andreev A.V., Mukhametshin V.V. Metodikaprognozaostatochnoyneftenasyshchennosti i koeffitsientavytesneniyapodannymgeofizicheskikhissledovaniydlyaotsenkieffektivnostiprimeneniyananotekhnologiy [Residual oil saturation and the displacement factor prediction methodology based on geophysical studies data to evaluate efficiency of nanotechnologies application]. Nanotehnologii v stroitel’stve = Nanotechnologies in Construction, 2017. Vol. 9, № 5. P. 116-133. DOI: dx.doi.org/10.15828/2075-8545-2017-9-5-116-133. (In Russian).
II. Akhmetov R.T., Mukhametshin V.V., Andreev A.V., SultanovSh.Kh. Some Testing Results of Productive Strata Wettability Index Forecasting Technique // SOCAR Procеedings. – 2017. – № 4. – P. 83-87. DOI: 10.5510/OGP20170400334
III. Andreev A.V., MukhametshinV.Sh.,KotenevYu.A. Deposit Productivity Forecast in Carbonate Reservoirs with Hard to Recover Reserves. SOCAR Proceedings, 2016. № 3. P. 40-45. DOI: dx.doi.org/10.5510/OGP20160300287. (In Russian).
IV. Ashrafyan M.O. Tekhnologiyarazobshcheniyaplastov v oslozhnennykhusloviyakh [Technology of layers segregation in complicated conditions]. M.: Nedra, 1989. 228 p. (In Russian).
V. Dmitriev A. Yu. Osnovytekhnologiibureniyaskvazhin: uchebnoyeposobiye [Fundamentals of drilling technology: A textbook]. Tomsk, TPU Publ., 2008, 216 P.

VI. KhayredinovN.Sh., Popov A.M., MukhametshinV.Sh. Povyshenieeffektivnostizavodneniyanizkoproduktivnyhzalezhejnefti v karbonatnyhkollektorah [Increasing the flooding efficiency of poor-producing oil deposits in carbonate collectors]. Neftyanoekhozyaystvo = Oil industry, 1992. № 9. P. 18-20. (In Russian).
VII. MirzadzhanzadeA.Kh., Karaev A.K., S.A. Shirinzade. Gidravlika v burenii i tsementirovaniineftyanykh i gazovykhskvazhin [Hydraulics in oil and gas wells drilling and cementing]. M.: Nedra, 1977. 230 p. (In Russian).
VIII. MukhametshinV.Sh. Zavisimost’ nefteizvlecheniyaotplotnostisetkiskvazhinprirazrabotkenizkoproduktivnyhkarbonatnyhzalezhej [Dependence of crude-oil recovery on the well spacing density during development of low-producing carbonate deposits]. Neftyanoekhozyaystvo = Oil industry, 1989. № 12. P. 26-29. (In Russian).
IX. MukhametshinV.Sh., ZeigmanYu.V., Andreev A.V. Ekspress-ocenkapotencialadobyvnyhvozmozhnostejzalezhejdlyaopredeleniyaeffektivnostiprimeneniyananotekhnologij i neobhodimostistimulirovaniyavvodaih v razrabotku [Rapid assessment of deposit production capacity for determination of nanotechnologies application efficiency and necessity to stimulate their development]. Nanotehnologii v stroitel’stve = Nanotechnologies in Construction, 2017. Vol. 9. № 3. P. 20-34. DOI: dx.doi.org/10.15828/2075-8545-2017-9-3-20-34. (In Russian).
X. Mukhametshin V.V. Ustranenieneopredelennosteypriresheniizadachvozdeystviyanaprizaboynuyuzonuskvazhin [Eliminating uncertainties in solving bottom hole zone stimulation tasks]. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Assets Engineering, 2017. Vol. 328, № 7. P. 40-50. (In Russian).
XI. Mukhametshin V.V., Andreev V.E. Search and Argumentation of Decisions Aimed at Increasing the Efficiency of Bottom-Hole Zone Stimulation in Oil Accumulations with Challenged Reserves. SPE Russian Petroleum Technology Conference. Moscow, Russia, 2017. P. 1-23. DOI: dx.doi.org/10.2118/187785-MS.
XII. Mukhametshin V.V., Andreev V.E., Dubinsky G.S., SultanovSh.Kh.,Akhmetov R.T. The Usage of Principles of System Geological-Technological Forecasting in the Justification of the Recovery Methods. SOCAR Proceedings, 2016. № 3. P. 46-51. DOI: dx.doi.org/10.5510/OGP20160300288. (In Russian).
XIII. Mukhametshin V.V., Kadyrov R.R. Vliyanienanodobavoknamekhanicheskie i vodoizoliruyushchiesvoystvasostavovnaosnovetsementa [Influence of nanoadditives on mechanical and isolating properties of cement-based compositions]. Nanotehnologii v stroitel’stve = Nanotechnologies in Construction, 2017. Vol. 9, № 6. P. 18–36. DOI: dx.doi.org/10.15828/2075-8545-2017-9-6-18-36. (In Russian).
XIV. Polyakov V.N. O vliyaniiprotsessovdestruktsii i degradatsiinatekhnologiyubureniya i zakanchivaniyaskvazhin [On the destruction and degradation processes impact of on the wells drilling and completion technology]. II open scientific-practical conference “Actual problems of oil and gas wells on land and the continental shelf of the Russian Federation construction and repair “: doc. coll. LLC “NPO Bentotechnologies”, 2013. (In Russian).
XV. Polyakov V.N. Trebovaniya, predyavlyaemye k germetichnosti i prochnostistvolaprizakanchivaniiskvazhinmestorozhdeniyBashkirii [Requirements for wellbore integrity and strength in well completion process in Bashkortostan oil fields]. Neftyanoekhozyaystvo = Oil industry, 1983. № 5. P. 27-28. (In Russian).
XVI. Polyakov V.N., Ishkaev R.K., Lukmanov R.R. Tekhnologiyazakanchivaniyaneftyanykh i gazovykhskvazhin [Oil and gas wells completion technique]. Ufa: TAU, 1999. 408 p. (In Russian).
XVII. Polyakov V.N., KuznetsovYu.S., Sagidullin I.A., ShulginaN.Yu., Dubrovsky V.S., Khusainov V.M., Khaminov N.I., Akhmetzyanov R.G., Vildanov A.A., Starov O.E. Reshenie problem zakanchivaniya i ekspluatatsiiskvazhin v anomal’nykhtermodinamicheskikhusloviyakh [The solving of problems of tailing-in and wells operation in abnormal thermodynamic conditions]. Neftyanoekhozyaystvo = Oil industry, 2005. № 5. P. 104-110. (In Russian).
XVIII. Polyakov V.N., Lukmanov R.R., Sharipov A.U. et al. Povyshenieeffektivnostirazobshcheniya i izolyatsiiproduktivnykhplastovpriikhrazburivanii [Productive layers segregation and isolation efficiency increasing in their drilling process]. II Drilling: scientific-technical abstract journal. M.: VNIIOENG, 1979. № 9. P. 8-12. (In Russian).
XIX. ZeigmanYu.V., MukhametshinV.Sh.,Khafizov A.R., Kharina S.B. Prospects of Application of Multi-Functional Well Killing Fluids in Carbonate Reservoirs. SOCAR Proceedings, 2016. № 3. P. 33-39. DOI: dx.doi.org/10.5510/OGP20160300286. (In Russian).
XX. ZeigmanYu.V., MukhametshinV.Sh., Sergeev V.V., Kinzyabaev F.S. Eksperimental’noeissledovanievyazkostnykhsvoystvemul’sionnykhsistem s soderzhaniemnanochastits SiO2 [Experimental study of viscosity properties of emulsion system with SiO2 nanoparticles]. Nanotehnologii v stroitelʼstve = Nanotehnologies in Construction, 2017. Vol. 9, № 2. P. 16-38. – DOI: dx.doi.org/10.15828/2075-8545-2017-9-2-16-38. (In Russian).

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Abstract:

Nowadays, large-scale dairy units, where milking machines are completed with automatic controls for milking mode control, are built alongside with farms with tie-up housing of small groups of cows. In these farms it is expedient to use multi-functional milking machines that allow performing such major process operations as increasing the milk yield of newly-calved cows in the maternity barn and milking the core herd. The goal of this study is to make the machine-based milking of cows more efficient by developing a multi-functional milking machine with substantiated operation modes. The research objectives are to determine the area of upgrades and develop the design and process layout of a multi-functional milking machine; identify the operating parameters of the milking machine’s upgraded vibration pulser; identify the physiological parameters of the milking machine’s effect on the mammary gland in various milking modes and substantiate the operating parameters of the multi-functional milking machine. To stimulatea full milk flow reflex at the beginning and the end of the milking process, the developed design and process layout allows massaging the udder by microscale vibrations of the teatrubber of 1 to 2 mm in amplitude and affecting the udder nipples with a low vacuum pressure of 33 to 38 kPa, taking account of the animals’ physiological features. To identify the operating parameters of the milking machine and determine the physiological parameters of its effect on the mammary gland, laboratory plants with a Pulso Test Comfort vacuum and pulsingmeter and an Artificial-Udder test bench were used. Characteristic curves were derived to show the vacuum pressure-time relation in the interstitial and subte at areas of the teat cups; in addition, these relations were summated to derive the characteristic curve of differential pressure in the chambers. The physiological parameters of the milking excitants’ effect on the mammary glands were calculated. The operating modes of the test machine (single-phase low-vacuum mode with continuous stimulation and three-phase mode with controlled stimulation) and their parameters were set.

Keywords:

Subteat and interstitial chambers, milking mode,stimulating,capacity,milking machine,massage,

Refference:

I. Brand S. Ma S. Stimulation by the milking machine. Proceeding Symposium on machine milking, Reading (England). 1998. Pp.119-130.
II. В.А. Zakharov, V.F. Nekrashevich, V.M. Ulyanov, V.V. Utolin. The patent of the Russian Federation No. 2115304 RU, A01J 5/04 (1995.01). Milking machine. No. 97108417. Declared on 20.05.1997; Publ. July 20, 1998, bul. No. 20.

III. E. A. Andrianov, V. P. Shatsky, A. A. Andrianov, and S. A. Borodin. Modelling of lactation. Asian journal of microbiology, biotechnology and environmental sciences. 2017. Vol. 19. No. 3. Pp. 594-597.

IV. E.A. Andrianov, S.A. Borodin, A.A. Andrianov, T.N. Tertychnaya. Justification of the regime parameters of the multifunctional stimulating milking unit [Teoreticheskoye obosnovaniye konstruktivnykh parametrov ustroystva upravleniya rezhimom doyeniya]// Engineering and equipment for the village. 2018. No. 4. Pp. 18-23.
V. H. J. Schuiling. Teat cleaning and stimulating, in: A.H. Ipema et al. Pro-ceedings of the international symposium on prospects for automatic milking, EAAP publication 65. 1992. Wageningen: Wageningen Pers. The Netherlands. Pp. 164-168.
VI. I. Ohnstad, R. Blowey, N. Frame., R. Laven, A. Norton, A. White. Assessment of milking systems. Clinical Forum UK Vet. 2006. Vol. 11. No. 1. Рp. 28-34.
VII. J. A. Hoekstra. A not on a partial adjustment model to beseribe lactation curves. Anim. Product. 1986.
VIII. M. D. Rasmussen. Influence of switch level of automatic cluster removers on milking performance and udder health. Journal of Dairy Research. 1993. Vol. 60. No. 3. Рp. 287-297.
IX. M. Grossman, A. L. Kuck, H. W. Norton Lactation curves of purebred and gross-bred dairy cattle. Doiry Sc. 1986.
X. M. Shou Entwicklungstendenzen des maschinellen Milkhentzuges. Bayer Landw. 1987. Vol. 64. No. 4
XI. O.V. Uzhik. Development and theoretical justification of technologies and technical means for dairy cattle breeding: thesis for the degree of Doctor of Engineering Sciences. Michurinsk. Russia. 2015. 384 p.
XII. S.A. Borodin, E.A. Andrianov, V.P. Shatsky, A.A. Andrianov. Approximation of the milk yield curve [Approksimatsiya krivoy molokootdachi]. Rural mechanic. 2017. No. 11. Pp. 24-25.
XIII. S.А. Borodin, E.A. Andrianov, V.P. Shatsky, A.A. Andrianov. Theoretical substantiation of design parameters of the milking control device [Teoreticheskoye obosnovaniye konstruktivnykh parametrov ustroystva upravleniya rezhimom doyeniya]. Bulletin of the Voronezh State Agrarian University. 2017. No. 2 (53). Pp. 105-112.
XIV. S. I. Shchukin. Justification of the parameters of the actuating mechanisms of the milking machine of a pairwise action: thesis for the degree of Candidate of Engineering Sciences. Moscow, 2006. 146 p.
XV. V. F. Uzhik, A. I. Teteryadchenko, O. V. Uzhik, D. O. Kutovoy. Patent No. 2621015 RU, IPC A01J 5/04 (2006.01). Milking machine / – №2015150676. Declared on November 25, 2015; Publ. 05/30/2017. Bul. №16.
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Abstract:

This work makes use of Navier-Stokes equations to describe an analytical method of finding the motion speed of a flexible inextensional shell falling down to the ground from a preset height and determines the duration of this fall. The soft shell in question is a fabric body of aerodynamic shape or an item of clothes, an airborne vehicle element, etc. Analytical relations are presented for the speed at which the shell moves in the air, taking account of the air resistance and the shell fall duration. The boundary problem of the soft shell vertically falling in the air is solved.

Keywords:

Flexible inextensional (soft) shell,Navier-Stokes equations,analytical calculation method,shell gravity force,motion resistance forces,

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