Special Issue No. – 6, January, 2020

Abstract:

Recently, development of computers, systems, and networks has been quite remarkable. The extremely high-performance systems and personal computers that could not be imagined several years ago, have evolved at a tremendous developmental speed. Today, anyone can obtain a high-performance devices or systems. However, such equipment is very expensive in proportion to performance. On the other hand, although expensive and highly functional devices and systems are generalized, there are considerable number of users who prefer to use inexpensive and moderate-performance devices and systems. The reason for this is the “cost” problem. Even with such a middle-level performance devices or systems that have the minimum necessary functions, there is no problem at all for the purposeful use. By making good use of such devices and systems, sometimes people can build systems that works like high-performance devices or systems. From this, we assumed that it would be possible to create a system that has functions comparable to high-performance devices and systems while keeping costs down. In this research, we define this mechanism and concept as “Low-Cost Computing”. “Low-Cost Computing” specifically means “combining general-purpose devices and systems to reproduce high-performance systems at an extremely low cost. In this research, we propose a new type of system that effectively utilize the current social environment, taking the idea of “Low-Cost Computing” as linchpin.

Keywords:

Social Environment,Low-Cost Computing,Application,Remote Class,

Refference:

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Abstract:

Around the world packaging is done by complex machines and one of these machines is known as a palletizer, the types of which will be discussed and why one approach would be more useful to our desired application. As we saw the need for this type of product hence we decided to make a proof of concept using local equipment and trying to keep the cost down from all the major foreign competitors and to provide the local industry an economical and viable solution the packaging problem that will not only increase production quality and pace but will not impact the financial bottom line of the company. After identifying the problem, we went on to design iteratively and fabricate the structure with as modest technique we could work with so that the overall cost is kept down. Then the selection of motors and amplifiers and other electronics based of on needs and weight lifting requirements as this prototype is supposed to lift 5-6 kg. The end goal is to provide an economical yet reliable and upgradable solution to the packaging problem using automation and to increase the production capabilities and to remove any post- production related bottle necks and to improve the overall margins gained on the product.

Keywords:

Robots,Palletizers,Autonomous,Pallets,Stacks,

Refference:

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Abstract:

This research aims to identify the effect of the audit committee on the audit expectation gap and also consider the mediating effect of audit quality on corporate governance and Audit expectation Gap. The research samples of 194 non-financial companies have been selected from the Pakistan Stock Exchange for the period from 2009-2018. Corporate governance measured from ACind, ACsze, ACmeet, ACexp, audit quality measured from audit firm size and audit expectation gap measured by proxy i-e difference between market price and share price. The finding of this research corroborates with existing research that components of corporate governance have a significantly negative association with the audit expectation gap whereas, they have a positive relationship with the mediating variable, audit quality. Furthermore, findings show that audit quality has significantly negatively associated with the audit expectation gap and it has significantly mediated the relationship among governance-gap. The recommendation of this research could develop proper enlightenment to the public, investors, the regulators should employ potential investors about the audit procedures and auditor’s role concerning fraud prevention and detection, and professional accounting bodies and other stakeholders as this could help in reducing the Audit Expectation Gap in Pakistan.

Keywords:

Corporate Governance,Audit Quality,Audit Expectation Gap,Audit Committee,Mediation Analysis,

Refference:

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Abstract:

The boundary conduction mode (BCM) flyback converter is widely used topology because of numerous advantages like isolation between input and output circuits, minimum component count, low operating duct-cycle, and simple structure. However, it is not possible to achieve high input power factor (PF) as the on-time is constant. It causes the input current total harmonic distortion (THD) to not satisfy IEC61000-3-2 limits. For improving the PF of the BCM flyback converter, a variable on-time control (VOTC) method has been introduced. The implementation circuits are also discussed. For verifying the validity of proposed technique, the simulation results are carried out.

Keywords:

Flyback converter,boundary conduction mode (BCM),power factor correction (PFC),variable on-time control (VOTC),constant on-time control (COTC) (COTC).,

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