Special Issue No. – 5, January, 2020

Abstract:

In this research, wood ash collected from the uncontrolled burning of saw dust and examine for its suitability as a partial replacement of cement into normal concrete. Saw dust has been collected from a wood polishing unit. Chemical and physical properties of wood ash are presented. The mechanical parameters (Compressive Strength, Split tensile strength and Flexural strength) of concrete with blended wood ash cement are investigated and studied. Water to binder ratio 0.4 and seven different percentages of wood ash as partial replacements as been taken i.e., (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, &12%). Results of compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength showed that that strength parameter was increased at 4% partial replacement and decreased by increasing the wood ash. From this study concluded that wood ash can also used as partial replacement material.

Keywords:

Wood ash,Strength Parameters,

Refference:

I. A. U. Elinwa, Y. A. Mahmood, “Ash from timber waste as cement
replacement material”, Cem Concr Compos, Vol.: 24, pp. 219-22, 2002.
II. B. Malek, M. lqubal, A. lbrahim, “Use of selected waste materials in
concrete mixes”, Waste Mange, Vol.: 27, pp.1870-6, 2007.

III. C. C. Ban, M. Ramli, “The implementation of wood waste ash as a partial
cement replacement material in the production of structural grade concrete
and mortar an overview”, Resour Conserv Recycl., Vol.: 44, pp. 669-85,
2011.
IV. F. F. Udoeyo, H. Inyang, D. T. Young, E. E. Oparadu, “Potential of wood
ash waste as an additive in concrete”, J Mater CivEng, Vol.: 18, Issue: 4 ,
pp. 605-11, 2006.
V. F. F. Udoevo, P. U. Dashibil, “Sawdust ash as Concrete material”, J Mater
Civ Eng, Vol.: 14, Issue: 2, pp. 173-6, 2002.
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on the composition of cement hydration products”, Adv Cem Based Mater,
Vol.: 2, pp. 43-52, 1995.
VII. K. L. Lin, “The influence of municipal soild waste incinerator or fly ash
slag blended in cement pastes”, Cem. Concr Res, Vol.: 35, pp. 979-86,
2005.
VIII. L. Etienni, A. G. Campell, “Physical and chemical characteristics of wood
ash”, Bioresource Technol, Vol.: 37, Issue: 2, pp. 173-8, 1991.
IX. M. Abdullah, “Characteristics of wood ash/OPC Concret”, Leonardo, Vol.:
8, pp. 9-16, 2006.
X. M. A. Monteriro, F. Pereira, V. M. Ferreira, M. Doondi, J. A. Labrincha,
“Light weight aggregate based industrial waste”, Ind Cream, Vol.: 25,
pp.71-7, 2007.
XI. M. Jafari, J. Jung, “Thermal properties of fly ashes and biomass ashes
includind wood bagasse ashes and sugarcane bagasse ashes”, J. Mater. Civ.
Eng, Vol.: 29, Issue: 3, pp. 266-11, 2017.
XII. S. Chowdhury, M. Mishra, O. Suganya, “The incorporating of wood waste
ash as a partial replacement material for making structural grade concrete:
An overview”, Ain Shams Engineering Journal, Vol.: 6, pp. 429-437, 2015.
XIII. S. Wang, L. Baxter, F. Fonseca, “Biomass flyash in concrete: SEM,EDX
and ESEM analysis”, Fuel, Vol.: 87, pp. 372-9, 2008.
XIV. T. R. Naik, R. N. Kraus, R. Siddique, “CLSM containing mixture of coal
ash and a new pozzaloanic material”, ACI Mater J, Vol.: 100, Issue: 3 ,
pp.208-15, 2003.

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Abstract:

Today’s Business scenery is influenced by Social media propagation. The companies need the information about the How, when and where the business to exit , where the customer exist and needs of the customer changes significantly because of implementation of social web. In relationship marketing previous studies proposes before going to purchase of any product customer will need the information the product will going to be right or wrong to him and to maintain the product for a long period through commitment and responsible and emotional bonding with the company. Therefore, the success of any marketing campaign is depending on trust, commitment, responsibility and bonding of the customer with the company. Indian Corporate has just begun to invest in Social media and are thinking of effective engagement strategies with their audience. The study revealed certain important implications for practicing managers.

Keywords:

Social media,Marketing campaign,Customer relationship,Effective engagement strategies,

Refference:

I. A. M. Kaplan, M. Haenlein, “Users of the world, unite! The challenges and
opportunities of Social Media”, Business horizons, Vol.: 53, Issue: 1,
pp:59-68, 2010.
II. A. Mollen, H. Wilson, “Engagement, telepresence and interactivity in
online consumer experience: Reconciling scholastic and managerial
perspectives”, Journal of business research, Vol.: 3, Issue: 9, pp:919 – 925,
2010.
III. B. J. Calder, E. C. Malthouse, “Media engagement and advertising
effectiveness”, Kellogg on advertising and media, pp. 1-36, 2013.
IV. F. Sabate, J. B. Mirabent, A. Cañabate, P. R. Lebherz, “Factors influencing
popularity of branded content in Facebook fan pages”. European
Management Journal, Vol.: 32, Issue: 6, pp:1001-1011, 2010.
V. J. V. Doorn, K. N. Lemon, V. Mittal, S. Nass, D. Pick, P. Pirner, P. C.
Verhoef, “Customer engagement behavior: Theoretical foundations and
research directions”, Journal of Service Research, Vol.: 13, Issue: 3,
pp:253-266, 2010.
VI. J. Wirtz, A. D. Ambtman, J. Bloemer, C. Horváth, B. Ramaseshan, J. V. D.
Klundert, J. Kandampully, “Managing brands and customer engagement in
online brand communities”, Journal of Service Management, Vol.: 24,
Issue: 3, pp:223-244, 2013.
VII. M. M. Mariani, M. D. Felice, M. Mura, “Facebook as a destination
marketing tool: Evidence fromItalian regional Destination Management
Organizations”.Tourism Management, Vol.: 54, Issue: 1, pp:321-334, 2016.
VIII. S. D. Vivek, S. E. Beatty, R. M. Morgan, “Customer engagement:
Exploring customer relationships beyond purchase”, Journal of Marketing
Theory and Practice, Vol.: 20, Issue: 2, pp:122-146, 2012.
IX. S. Jayasingh, R. Venkatesh, “Customer Engagement Factors in Facebook
Brand Pages”. Asian Social Science, Vol.: 11, Issue: 26, pp:19-21, 2015.
X. V. Kumar, , L. Aksoy, , B. Donkers, , R. Venkatesan, T. Wiesel, S.
Tillmanns, “Undervalued or overvalued customers: capturing total customer
engagement value”, Journal of Service Research, Vol.: 13, Issue: 3, pp:297
– 310, 2010.

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Abstract:

The I-V characteristics of solar cell are affected due to solar irradiation and local temperature conditions. The solar cell array output power varies due to variations in radiation and cell temperature. Various maximum power point tracking (MPPT)algorithms are developed for extraction of maximum powerfrom a solar array when it operates at MPP which varies continuously whenever there is change in solar panels temperature or irradiance. The solar cell array is integrated with intermediate converter to utilize extracted maximum power from the solar panel. This integrated system operated at high efficiency and the low operating cost. This paper discusses about Perturb & observes algorithm implementation by considering only voltage profile of solar cell module. The integrated system comprising of solar array, boost converter along with MPPT is simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK tool.

Keywords:

Solar cel,MPPT algorithm,Perturb & obsurves algorithm,Boost converter,

Refference:

I. A. A. Ghassami, S. M. Sadeghzadeh, A. Soleimani, “A High Performance
Maximum Power Point Tracker For PV Systems”, International Journal of
Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Vol.: 53, pp. 237-243, 2013.
II. A. I. M. Ali , M. A. Sayed, E. E. M. Mohamed, “Modified Efficient Perturb And
Observe Maximum Power Point Tracking technique For grid-tied PV System”,
International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Vol.: 99, pp. 192-
202, 2018.

III. Ch. Kalpana, Ch. S. Babu, J. S. Kumari, “Design and Implementation of
different MPPT Algorithms for PV System”, International Journal of Science,
Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR) Vol.: 2, Issue: 10, 2013.
IV. D. Hohm, M. Roop, “Comparative study of maximum power point tracking
algorithms using an experimental, programmable, maximum power point
tracking test”, Proc.28th IEEE conf. Rec. Photovoltaic spec, pp.1699-1702,
2000.
V. E. Bianconi, J. Calvente, R. Giral, E. Mamarelis, G. Petrone, C. Andres, R. Paja,
G. Spagnuolo, M. Vitelli, “Pertub and Observe MPPT algorithm with a current
controller based on the sliding mode”, International Journal of Electrical Power
& Energy Systems, Vol.: 44, Issue: 1, pp. 346-356, 2013.
VI. G. Sudhakar, J. S. Kumari, “Design and Analysis of P&O and FLC MPPT
Techniques for Photovoltaic System”, Vol.: 1, Issue: 1, 2013.
VII. J. S. Kumari, Ch. S. Babu, J. Yugandhar, “Design and Investigation of Short
Circuit Current Based Maximum Power Point Tracking for Photovoltaic
System”, International Journal of Research and Reviews in Electrical and
Computer Engineering (IJRRECE), Vol.: 1, Issue: 2, 2011.
VIII. J. S. Kumari, Ch. S. Babu, T. R. Kullayappa, “Design and Analysis of open
circuit voltage based maximum power point tracking for photovoltaic system”,
International Journal of advances in science and technology, Vol.: 2, 2011.
IX. L. Liu, X. Meng, C. Liu, “A Review Of Maximum Power Point Tracking
Methods Of PV Power Systems At Uniform And Partial Shading”, Renewable
and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol.: 53, pp. 1500-1507, 2016.
X. N. Bharath, R. Srinivasarao, “Advanced Hybrid Wind-Solar Power System with
Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithms”, Imperial Journal of
Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR), Vol.: 2, Issue: 10, 2016.
XI. N. Femia, G. Petrone, G. Spagnuolo, M. Vitelli, “Optimization of Pertub and
Observe Maximum Power Point Tracking Method”, IEEE Transctions On
Power Electronics, Vol.: 20, Issue: 4, 2004.
XII. P. Thakor, A. Chavada, B. Patel,” Comparative Analysis Of Different Mppt
Techniques For Solar Pv System”, Vol.: 03, Issue: 05, 2016.
XIII. T. Chaitanya , Ch. Saibabu , J. S. Kumari, “Modeling and Simulation of PV
Array and its Performance Enhancement Using MPPT (P&O) Technique”,
International Journal of Computer Science & Communication Networks, Vol.: 1,
Issue: 1, 2011.
XIV. T. Logeswaran, A. S. Kumar, “A Review Of Maximum Power Point Tracking
Algorithms For Photovoltic Systems Under Uniform And Non-Uniform
Irradiances”. Energy Procedia, Vol.: 54, pp. 228-235, 2014.

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Abstract:

Voltage regulation is vital in DC microgrids and the power generated at DC Bus of DC Microgrid is fed to AC side via. Interlinking converter in an AC-DC microgrid. Many Droop control techniques are used to efficiently control the voltage regulation at DC bus and sharing load demand among DGs (distributed generators) as per their individual droop characteristics in a decentralized manner. Low rating hybrid residential microgrids are eventually increasing popularity which are to be controlled to inject power into grid in grid-tied mode and to meet power balance in Islanded modes. The Proposed Unified dp / dv control strategy for a Multi-port DCDC converter, not only improve transient performance of DC-DC converter in tracking MPP compared to other methods, but also improves DC bus voltage regulation and battery SOC control. This control eliminating the switching between MPPT and voltage regulation modes. This Multi input DC-DC converter fed by Solar PV wind Battery storage is feeding power to critical DC load and connected to AC side via. Interlinking converter. The proposed System is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink to verify the effectiveness of this control strategy.

Keywords:

Droop Control,Hybrid Distributed Generator,Bi-directional DC-DC converter,current based MPPT,Low voltage AC-DC Microgrid,

Refference:

I. A. Bidram, A. Davoudi, “Hierarchical Structure of Microgrids Control
System”, in IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol.: 3, Issue: 4, pp. 1963-
1976, 2012.
II. A. Chatterjee, K. B. Mohanty, “A nested control strategy for single phase
power inverter integrating renewable energy systems in a
microgrid”, National Power Systems Conference (NPSC), Bhubaneswar, pp.
1-6, 2016.
III. B. Mangu, B. G. Fernandes, “Multi-input transformer coupled DC-DC
converter for PV-wind based stand-alone single-phase power generating
system”, IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE),
Pittsburgh, PA, pp. 5288-5295, 2014.
IV. B. Mangu, S. Akshatha, D. Suryanarayana, B. G. Fernandes, “Grid-
Connected PV-Wind-Battery-Based Multi-Input Transformer-Coupled
Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Household Applications,” in IEEE
Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, Vol.: 4,
Issue: 3, pp. 1086-1095, 2016.
V. B. Mukherjee, A. Ghosal, “Design & Study of a Low Power High Speed Full
Adder Using GDI Multiplexer”, IEEE 2nd International Conference on
Recent Trends in Information Systems (ReTIS), pp:465-470, 2015.
VI. D. Debnath, K. Chatterjee, “Solar photovoltaic-based stand-alone scheme
incorporating a new boost inverter”, in IET Power Electronics, Vol.: 9, Issue:
4, pp. 621-630, 2016.
VII. D. E. Olivares., “Trends in Microgrid Control”, in IEEE Transactions on
Smart Grid, Vol.: 5, Issue: 4, pp. 1905-1919, 2014.
VIII. F. Nejabatkhah, S. Danyali, S. Hosseini, M. Sabahi, S. Niapour, “Modeling
and control of a new three-input DC-DC boost converter for hybrid
PV/FC/battery power system,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., Vol.: 27, Issue:
5, pp. 2309-2324, 2014.
IX. H. Cai, J. Xiang, W. Wei, M. Z. Q. Chen, “V–dp/dv Droop Control for PV
Sources in DC Microgrids”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol.:
33, Issue: 9, pp. 7708-7720, 2018.
X. H. C. Chiang, T. T. Ma, Y. H. Cheng, J. M. Chang, W. N Chang, “Design
and implementation of a hybrid regenerative power system combining gridtie
and uninterruptible power supply functions”, IET Renew. Power Gen.,
Vol.: 4, Issue: 1, pp. 85-99, 2010.
XI. K. Kant, C. Jain, B. Singh, “A Hybrid Diesel –Wind ¬PV-Based Energy
Generation System With Brushless Generators”, IEEE Transactions on
Industrial Informatics, Vol.: 13, Issue: 4, pp. 1714-1722, 2017.

XII. M. Seyedali, A. Davoudi. “Distributed Tertiary Control of DC Microgrid
Clusters”, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol.:31, pp. 1717-1733.
2016.
XIII. M. Young, The Technical Writer’s Handbook. Mill Valley, CA: University
Science, 1989.
XIV. R. Zhao, A. Kwasinski, “Analysis of decentralized controller for multipleinput
converters”, Twenty-Seventh Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics
Conference and Exposition (APEC), Orlando, FL, pp. 1853-1860, 2012.
XV. S. K. Sahoo, A. K. Sinha, N. K. Kishore, “Control Techniques in AC, DC,
and Hybrid AC–DC Microgrid: A Review”, IEEE Journal of Emerging and
Selected Topics in Power Electronics, Vol.: 6, Issue: 2, pp. 738-759, 2018.
XVI. T. Narasimha Prasad, A. Lakshmi Devi,” Droop Control of Bi-Directional
DC-DC Converter for Improved Voltage Regulation and Load Sharing in
DC Microgrid”, International Journal of Intelligent Engineering and
Systems, Vol.: 12, Issue: 3, pp. 228-243, 2019.
XVII. X. Liu, P. Wang, P. C. Loh, “A hybrid AC/DC micro-grid”, Conference
Proceedings IPEC, Singapore, pp. 746-751, 2010.

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Abstract:

The Electronic wastes are one of the major problems faced by the world due to its unregulated accumulation. The recycling and reusing are the effective ways to reduce the E-waste accumulation in the environment. The E-waste stream consists of Compact Discs /DVDs wastes. The polycarbonate is the main element used for the manufacturing of Compact Discs. Polycarbonate in landfills is definitely an environmental nightmare since it contains the Bisphenol-A which is a toxic material. So these wastes should be properly recycled and it can be used in polymer composites. Fiber-fortified polymeric composites have across the board applications including designing ideas, because of main properties of light mass, solidness and high quality weight proportion. While dealing with the polymer composites the reinforcement used is glass fiber due to its availability and cost effectiveness. The effect of addition of Compact Disc particles as filler in woven glass fiber-epoxy composites has been investigated. The hand lay-up and vacuum bag moulding processes are used for the preparation of the test specimens. The tensile and flexural strength was improved with the filling of Compact Disc particles in the woven glass fiber composites.

Keywords:

Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer composites,woven glass fiber,Ewaste,recycling,polycarbonate,hand lay-up,vacuum bag moulding,

Refference:

I. A. G. Ganeshkumar, G. Ranganath, Channankaiah, Y. Libin, “Experimental
Analysis of Exhaust Fan Blade by using E-Glass Fiber Reinforced E-waste
Polycarbonate: Review Paper” EM International Pollution Research, Vol.: 33,
Issue: 02, pp. 353-358, 2014.

II. A. G. Ganeshkumar, G. Ranganath, S. S. H Jose, M. Sakthivel, B. Pounraj,
“Experimentation Of E-Glass Fiber And Flyash Reinforced With Recycled EWaste
Aluminium Alloy Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites” International
Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology, Vol.: VII, Issue: I, pp. 410-
412, 2016
III. A. G. Ganeshkumar, G. Ranganath, B. Pounraj, S. S. H. Jose , M. Sakthivel,
“Experimental analysis of E-Glass fiber and Fly Ash reinforced to E-Waste
aluminium, Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol.: 1 Issue:
4, pp. 138-140, 2014.
IV. ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) Standard D 790 – 00:
Standard Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and
Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials, Annual book of
ASTM standards,. ASTM, West Conshohocken, pp. 01–09, 2001.
V. C. Fischer, “The development and achievements of EU waste policy”. J
Mater Cycles Waste Management, Vol.: 13, Issue: 1, pp. 2–9, 2011.
VI. F. Ronkay, “Effect of Recycling on the Rheological, Mechanical and Optical
Properties of Polycarbonate”. Acta Polytechnica Hungarica, Vol.: 10, Issue:
1, 2013.
VII. R. P.Singh, “India: A Matter of Electronic Waste; the Government
Initiatives”. Journal of Business Management & Social Sciences Research
(JBM&SSR), Vol.: 2, Issue: 4, 2013.

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