Archive

Abstract:

Ageing car tyres are a hidden hazard and recipe for road accidents. Many vehicle users and their cohorts seem unconcerned and ignorant about tyre profile and its implications on human lives and livelihood. This study reviewed car users' and vulcanizers’ comprehension of basic arithmetic of vehicle tyre profile to instigate best practices as well as instil proper maintenance culture. Out of 307 participants, purposive and convenient sampling were employed to select 292 vehicle users and a snowball to contact 15 vulcanizers. Results after a short interview analysis revealed that car users are aware of tyre inflation pressure and could identify the rim diameter of car tyres. Meanwhile, a significant number of users couldn’t tell where to locate their vehicle tyre specification details on their cars and were also unable to interpret tyre profiles including; tyre life cycle, tyre blend, tyre speed rating and load index. Although the majority of the vehicle users carried spare tyres, most of them do not check the conditions of their spare tyres until they are in need. Responses from vulcanizers revealed that most vehicle users do not bother about tyre expiry dates but rather prefer tyre fixing to tyre replacements. It is recommended that the Leaders of Transport Unions of commercial vehicles need to ensure proper load weight of vehicles before setting off from their terminals. Drivers and Vehicle License Authority (DVLA) needs to ensure healthy tyre condition before issuing roadworthy certificates. National Road Safety Authority (NRSA) must maximize sensitization campaigns towards proper tyre maintenance practices to reduce tyre failure accidents.

Keywords:

Tyre profile,vulcanizers,road accidents,pneumatic tyres,

Refference:

I. Abdul Wahab, M. A. F., Mohd Jawi, Z., Abdul Hamid, I., Solah, M. S., Mohd
Latif, M. H., Md Isa, M. H., Hamzah, A. (2017). Automotive Consumerism in Malaysia with Regard to Car Maintenance. Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia, 1(2), 137–153.

II. Albert Kumi Arkoh, Isaac Edunyah, Emmanuel Acquah (2018). Assessing the Knowledge of Vehicle Users and Vulcanizers of Tyre Profile on Vehicle Performance Article in International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP) • May 2018 DOI: 10.29322/IJSRP.8.5.2018.p7785.

III. Chen, K.-Y., & Yeh, C.-F. (2018). Preventing Tire Blowout Accidents: A Perspective on Factors Affecting Drivers’ Intention to Adopt Tire Pressure Monitoring System. Safety, 4(2), 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/safety4020016

IV. Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2011). Designing and Conducting Mixed Methods Research (2nd ed.). London: Sage Publications Ltd.

V. etyres. (2018). Why it is important to know your tyre tread depth. etyres. Retrieved from https://www.etyres.co.uk/news/tyre-tread-chart-17885.html

VI. Garbrah Cecil (2022). Specifications on Car Tyres Loading Index & Speed Rating. TopTech Transport and Logistics Ghana. https://www.toptechtransportgh.com

VII. Ghana Statistical Service (2014). 2010 Population and Housing Census; District Analytical Report; Mampong Municipal.

VIII. Muhamad Syukri Abdul Khalid, Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi, Mohd Hafzi MD ISA and Muhamad Arif Fahmi Abdul Wahab (2018). Car Users’ Knowledge & Practices on Tyre Maintenance in Malaysia. Human Factors and Ergonomics Journal 2018, Vol. 3 (2): 84 94

IX. RoSPA. (2018). Road Safety Factsheet: Tyre Safety. The Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents. Retrieved from https://www.rospa.com/rospaweb/docs/advice-services/road-safety/vehicles/tyre-safety-factsheet.pdf

X. Virkar D. S. and Thombare D. G. (2013).Parametric Study and Experimental Evaluation of Vehicle Tire Performance. Int. J. Mech. Eng. & Rob. Res. 2013 Vol. 2, No. 2, April 2013.ISSN 2278 – 0149. https://www.ijmerr.com

THERMAL EFFECT ON BUBBLE RISE – AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

Authors:

Kishore Kumar Dhar, Asish Mitra, Paritosh Bhattacharya

DOI NO:

https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.2022.03.00002

Abstract:

This paper presents the findings of an experimental study on the effect of temperature gradient on bubble rise velocity in water. At the bottom of the chamber holding water, a bubble (equivalent diameter, req 1 mm) is created and rises through it. At a height of 60 cm from the chamber's bottom, a high-speed camera (1000 fps, Kodak, Model 1000 HRC) is mounted with a 90 mm Macro lens. It is connected to a computer. For image capture and processing, the commercial tools Sigma Scan Pro 5.0 and Adobe Photoshop are used. The chamber can be heated with infrared light, resulting in a constant temperature gradient of 1.1⁰C/cm between 30 and 40 cm above the needle in the water. Bubble rise characteristics, such as bubble size and rise velocity, are determined both in the presence and absence of a temperature gradient. The current study clearly demonstrates that this gradient causes an additional increase in terminal rise velocity.

Keywords:

Bubble,Temperature Gradient,Rise Velocity,Water ,

Refference:

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A FUZZY INVENTORY MODEL WITH EXPONENTIALLY PRICE AND TIME-DEPENDENT DEMAND UNDER EXPONENTIALLY BACKLOGGED SITUATION

Authors:

Zeba Khanam, Md. Ayub Ali, Mohammed Abdur Rahman

DOI NO:

https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.2022.03.00003

Abstract:

In this study, we have proposed a fuzzy inventory model for deteriorating items with exponential price and time-dependent demand under inflation. Shortages are allowed partially with the rate of exponential duration of waiting time up to the arrival of the next lot. The inventory parameters are considered as fuzzy valued. The corresponding problem has been formulated as a nonlinearly constrained optimization problem. A numerical example has been considered to illustrate the model and the significant features of the results are discussed. Finally, based on these examples, sensitivity analyses have been studied by taking one parameter at a time keeping the other parameters as same.

Keywords:

Inventory,deterioration,exponentially price,time-dependent demand,,partially backlogged shortage,inflation,fuzzy valued inventory costs,

Refference:

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HEAT TRANSFER PROPERTY OF METALLIC NANOFLUIDS – A STUDY

Authors:

Anirban Das, Tarun Kanti Pal, Nairanjana Chowdhury

DOI NO:

https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.2022.03.00004

Abstract:

Prolonged use of domestic and industrial applications gives rise to high heat generation in the systems. Smart materials like nanofluids can be useful to overcome this modern-day problem. In this study we are reporting the water-based nanofluids, to challenge this problem. Due to the availability of water in Bengal, the simplest solution for cooling a machine is to flow water surrounding it. The nanofluids we have synthesized are metallic nanoparticles dispersed in water, which is considered as base fluid. The heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the nanofluids were predicted by the equilibrium molecular dynamics (EMD) simulation. It is observed that dispersed nanoparticles help an enchantment in thermal-conductivity of the fluids whereas the heat capacity decreases by a small value. The low-cost sol-gel method was used to synthesize the Cu and Ag nanoparticles and later disperses the same in distilled water in suitable wt%. Nanofluids were subjected to ultrasonic studies around room temperature. The thermal conductivity of the used fluids is the function of the velocity values of ultrasonic wave propagation through the fluid system. The experimental measured thermal-conductivity values show an enhancement of about 30% in comparison to the base fluid water in ambient temperature.

Keywords:

Nanofluids,equilibrium molecular dynamics (EMD) simulation,thermal-conductivity,heat capacity,

Refference:

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NUMERICAL SIMULATION ON-TIME EVALUATION OF PLASMA DRUG CONCENTRATIONS FOR ONE-COMPARTMENT MODEL IN PRESENCE OF DRUG INFUSION

Authors:

Pinaki Pal, Asish Mitra

DOI NO:

https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.2022.03.00005

Abstract:

In the present numerical study, we apply an ODE IVP to plasma drug concentrations for a one-compartment model in presence of drug infusion. Solution procedure is done in a Matlab environment. The outcome shows that the infusion rate at time t = 4 h is discontinuous but the corresponding plasma concentration-time profile looks smooth at that time.

Keywords:

Drug Infusion,Pharmacologic Modeling (PK),Plasma Drug concentration,Matlab,Simulation,

Refference:

I. Dingyu Xue, “Solving applied mathematical problems with MATLAB,” Chapman & Hall/CRC.
II. Huixi Zou, Parikshit Banerjee, Sharon Shui Yee Leung and Xiaoyu Yan, Application of Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modeling in Drug Delivery: Development and Challenges, Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2020, Volume 11, 1-15.
III. Laffleur, F. and Keckeis, V., Advances in Drug Delivery Systems: Work in Progress Still Needed? International Journal of Pharmaceutics : 2020, X, 2.
IV. Mark E. Tomlin (Ed.), Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics A Basic Reader, Springer-Verlag London Limited 2010.
V. Rahman, M.M., Ferdous, K.S. and Ahmed, M., Emerging Promise of Nanoparticle-Based Treatment for Parkinson’s Disease. Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, 2020, 10, 7135-7151.
VI. Shirakura, T., et al. (2017) Matrix Density Engineering of Hydrogel Nanoparticles with simulation-Guided Synthesis for Tuning Drug Release and Cellular Uptake. ACS Omega , 2, 3380-3389.

VII. Sunil S. Jambhek, Philip J. Breen, Basic Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical Press, 2nd ed. 2012.
VIII. Zhang, H., Fan, T.J., Chen, W., Li, Y.C. and Wang, B., Recent Advances of Two-Dimensional Materials in Smart Drug Delivery Nano-Systems. Bioactive Materials, 2020, 5, 1071-1086.

A NOVEL CONCEPT IN THEORY OF QUADRATIC EQUATION

Authors:

Prabir Chandra Bhattacharyya

DOI NO:

https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.2022.03.00006

admin March 29, 2022

Abstract:

The basic idea of a quadratic equation is one of the most important topics in algebra. The mathematical concept for the method of solution of a quadratic equation is dependent on the advancement of the theory of numbers. The author developed a new concept regarding the method of solution of the quadratic equation based on “Theory of Dynamics of Numbers”. The author determined the inherent nature of one unknown quantity (say x) from the quadratic expression ax²+bx+c of the quadratic equation ax²+bx+c=0 by keeping the structure of the second-degree expression intact and then finding the solution of the quadratic equation using the novel concept of the Theory of Dynamics of Numbers. The author solved any quadratic equation in one unknown number (say x) of the quadratic equation in the form of ax²+bx+c=0, whether the numerical value of the discriminant is b²-4ac≥0 or b²-4ac<0, is real numbers only without using any imaginary numbers. With these new inventive concepts, the author developed new theories in the theory of quadratic equation.

Keywords:

Bhattacharyya’s Co-ordinate System,Cartesian Co-ordinate System,Quadratic Equation,Theory of Dynamics of Numbers,Theory of Numbers,

Refference:

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II. Bhattacharyya P. C.. “AN INTRODUCTION TO THEORY OF DYNAMICS OF NUMBERS: A NEW CONCEPT”. J. Mech. Cont. & Math. Sci., Vol.-16, No.-11, January (2022). pp 37-53
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OPTICAL PARALLEL HALF ADDER USING SEMICONDUCTOR OPTICAL AMPLIFIER-ASSISTED SAGNAC GATES

Authors:

Dilip Kumar Gayen

DOI NO:

https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.2022.04.00001

Abstract:

Today communication needs huge operational speed. This will be accomplished in case the conventional carrier of data, i.e. electron is supplanted by a photon for gadgets based on switching and logic. Gates are the basic building pieces of advanced frameworks. Different logic and arithmetic operations can be done using this gate. Optical logic and arithmetic operations are exceptionally much anticipated in high-speed communication frameworks. In this paper, we have presented parallel models to perform the addition of two binary digits based on terahertz optical asymmetric demultiplexer (TOAD)/semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA)-assisted Sagnac gates. Using only two TOAD-based switches we have designed a parallel half adder. This optical circuit increases the speed of calculation and is also capable of synthesizing light as an input to form the output. The most advantage of this parallel circuit is that no synchronization is required for distinctive inputs. The circuit is hypothetically planned and confirmed by numerical simulations.

Keywords:

Terahertz optical asymmetric demultiplexer,semiconductor optical amplifier,half adder,optical logic,

Refference:

I. Bhattacharyya A, Gayen D. K and Chattopadhyay T, “Alternative All-optical Circuit of Binary to BCD Converter Using Terahertz Asymmetric Demultiplexer Based Interferometric Switch”, Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Computation and Communication Advancement, 2013.
II. Gayen D. K, Roy J. N, Taraphdar C, and Pal R. K, “All-optical reconfigurable logic operations with the help of terahertz optical asymmetric demultiplexer”, International Journal for Light and Electron Optics. vol. 122, pp: 711-718, 2011.
III. Gayen D. K, Chattopadhyay T, Das M. K, Roy J. N and Pal R. K, “All-optical binary to gray code and gray to binary code conversion scheme with the help of semiconductor optical amplifier -assisted sagnac switch”, IET Circuits, Devices & Systems. vol. 5, pp: 123-131, 2011.
IV. Ghosh P, Kumbhakar D, Mukherjee A. K and Mukherjee K, “An all-optical method of implementing a wavelength encoded simultaneous binary full-adder-full-subtractor unit exploiting nonlinear polarization rotation in semiconductor optical amplifier International”, Journal for Light and Electron Optics. vol. 122, pp: 1757-1763, 2011.
V. Kim J. H, Kim S. H, Son C. W, Ok S. H. Ok, Kim S. J, Choi J. W, Byun Y. T, Jhon Y. M Jhon, Lee S, Woo D. H and Kim S. H. Kim, “Realization of all-optical full-adder using cross-gain modulation”, Proceedings of the Conference on Semiconductor Lasers and Applications. SPIE. vol. 5628, pp: 333-340, 2005.
VI. Li P, Huang D, Zhang X and Zhu G, “Ultra-high speed all-optical half-adder based on four wave mixing in semiconductor optical amplifier” Optics Express. vo1.14, pp: 11839-47, 2006.
VII. Minh H. L., Ghassemlooy Z., and Ng W. P, “Characterization and performance analysis of a TOAD switch employing a dual control pulse scheme in high speed OTDM demultiplexer” IEEE Communications Letters. vol.12, pp: 316-318, 2008.
VIII. Mukhopadhyay S and Chakraborty B, “A method of developing optical half- and full-adders using optical phase encoding technique”, Proceedings of the Conference on Communications, Photonics and Exhibition (ACP). TuX6 1-2, 2009.
IX. Mukherjee K, “Method of implementation of frequency encoded all-optical half- adder, half-subtractor, and full-adder based on semiconductor optical amplifiers and add drop multiplexers”, International Journal for Light and Electron Optics. vol. 122, pp: 1188-1194, 2011.

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SOME PROPERTIES OF T₀ FUZZY SOFT TOPOLOGICAL SPACES IN QUASI-COINCIDENCE SENSE

Authors:

Ruhul Amin, Raihanul Islam, Sudipto Kumar Shaha, Saikh Shahjahan Miah

DOI NO:

https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.2022.04.00002

Abstract:

In this paper, we have introduced and studied some new notions of T₀ separation axiom in fuzzy soft topological spaces using quasi-coincident relation for fuzzy soft points. We have shown a relationship between ours and other counterparts and observed that all these notions satisfy good extension, hereditary, productive, and projective properties. Moreover, we have also shown that these notions are preserved under one-one, onto, and fuzzy soft continuous mappings. Finally, initial and final soft topologies are studied also.

Keywords:

Fuzzy soft set,Fuzzy Soft Topological Spaces,Quasi-coincidence,Fuzzy Soft T₀Topological Space,Initial and Final Fuzzy Soft Topology,

Refference:

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ROTATED EMPIRICAL ORTHOGONAL FUNCTION ANALYSIS FOR SPATIO-TEMPORAL DATA ANALYSIS

Authors:

Shreyasi Debnath, Mourani Sinha

DOI NO:

https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.2022.04.00003

Abstract:

Given any space-time field, Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis finds a set of orthogonal spatial patterns along with a set of associated uncorrelated time series or principal components (PCs). Spatial orthogonality and temporal uncorrelation of EOFs and PCs respectively impose limits on the physical interpretability of EOF patterns. This is because physical processes are not independent, and therefore physical modes are expected in general to be non-orthogonal. Rotated empirical orthogonal functions (REOF) were introduced to generate general localized structures by compromising some of the EOF properties such as orthogonality. EOF and REOF analysis are carried out for the significant wave height (SWH) data for the Bay of Bengal (BOB) region for the period 1958 to 2001. Separate experiments were conducted for all the months together and also for July and December representing the southwest and northeast monsoon periods. The first eigenmodes account for 84%, 68%, and 59% of the total variability for the above three cases respectively. The REOF proved to be more effective than EOF for the above region.

Keywords:

Rotated empirical orthogonal functions,Principal components,Data analysis,Significant wave height,Bay of Bengal,

Refference:

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PARA-COMPACTNESS CONCEPT IN INTUITIONISTIC FUZZY TOPOLOGICAL SPACES

Authors:

Md. Aman Mahbub, Md. Sahadat Hossain, M. Altab Hossain

DOI NO:

https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.2022.04.00004

Abstract:

This paper aims to establish the para-compactness concept in intuitionistic fuzzy topological space. Here we give three new notions related to para-compactness and one new notion of IF--compactness in intuitionistic fuzzy topological space. Also, we discuss separation axioms in intuitionistic fuzzy para-compactness and some of its features. Furthermore, using some provisos we will find a relation among second countable, para-compactness, and IF--compactness in intuitionistic fuzzy topological spaces.

Keywords:

Fuzzy set,Intuitionistic fuzzy set,Intuitionistic fuzzy topological space,Intuitionistic fuzzy compactness,Intuitionistic fuzzy para-compactness,

Refference:

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