Authors:
P. E. Hertzog,DOI NO:
https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.2024.11.00001Keywords:
Crimping-tool,DIY enthusiasts,Off-grid,Optimal,Solar charger ,Abstract
The proliferation of non-expensive commercially available renewable energy systems along with the regular interruption of electrical energy from local power producers has resulted in more DIY (do-it-yourself) enthusiasts. Many of these enthusiasts are from the lower to middle-income classes and thus seek to empower themselves to purchase and install a basic off-grid renewable energy system. It's crucial to emphasize the significance of acquiring a wiring certificate for the electrical setup. National standards, quality management, and human lives are all at risk, so this step cannot be overlooked. However, several components need to be connected in the most efficient and effective way, thereby promoting safety and efficiency. The purpose of this study is to evaluate different electrical connections between two of the main components, the battery (storage device) and the solar charger (or an inverter) to enable an informed decision regarding the optimal type of connection. An experimental setup is used to gather empirical data for seven different electrical connections. The worst type of connection is a solid 1,5 mm cable with battery clamps (or clips) that results in a higher voltage drop of 0,42 V when compared to the ideal type of connection that is a solid 2,5 mm cable with unsoldered crimped lugs. It is recommended that every DIY enthusiast working with electrical connections purchase a non-expensive crimping tool to effectively connect lugs to the correct wire diameter required for their application.Refference:
I. Bakır, Hale. “Detection of Faults in Photovoltaic Modules of Spps in Turkey; Infrared Thermographic Diagnosis and Recommendations.” Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology, vol. 18, no. 3, 2023, pp. 1945-57.
II. Beszédes, Bertalan et al. “The Practice of Troubleshooting and Maintenance in a Small-Scale Off-Grid Industrial Environment.” 2023 IEEE 21st World Symposium on Applied Machine Intelligence and Informatics (SAMI), IEEE, 2023, pp. 000213-18.
III. Brainy Quote. “Homepage.” http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/. Accessed 10 March 2020.
IV. Desai, Alpesh et al. “Temperature Effects on Dc Cable Voltage Drop in Utility Scale Rooftop Solar Pv Plant Based on Empirical Model.” 2020 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC), IEEE, 2020, pp. 2397-2402.
V. Du, Pin et al. “Research Progress Towards the Corrosion and Protection of Electrodes in Energy-Storage Batteries.” Energy Storage Materials, 2023.
VI. Fidai, Aamir et al. “Internet of Things (Iot) Instructional Devices in Stem Classrooms: Past, Present and Future Directions.” 2019 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), IEEE, 2019, pp. 1-9.
VII. Generation, Dispersed and Energy Storage. “Ieee Recommended Practice for Installation and Maintenance of Lead-Acid Batteries for Photovoltaic (Pv) Systems.”
VIII. Iderus, Samat et al. “Optimization and Design of a Sustainable Industrial Grid System.” Mathematical Problems in Engineering, vol. 2022, 2022.
IX. John, Obukoeroro and HE Uguru. “Appraisal of Electrical Wiring and Installations Status in Isoko Area of Delta State, Nigeria.” Journal of Physical Science and Environmental Studies, vol. 7, no. 1, 2021, pp. 1-8.
X. Paul, Kamal Chandra et al. “Series Ac Arc Fault Detection Using Decision Tree-Based Machine Learning Algorithm and Raw Current.” 2022 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), IEEE, 2022, pp. 1-8.
XI. Ramay, Muhammad Bin Zubaid et al. “Corrosion Effect in Underground Lv Distribution Networks in Domestic and Commercial Buildings.” Engineering Proceedings, vol. 22, no. 1, 2022, p. 16.
XII. Sun, RL et al. “A New Method for Charging and Repairing Lead-Acid Batteries.” IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, vol. 461, IOP Publishing, 2020, p. 012031.
XIII. Szabó, Gabriella-Stefánia et al. “A Review of the Mitigating Methods against the Energy Conversion Decrease in Solar Panels.” Energies, vol. 15, no. 18, 2022, p. 6558.
XIV. Vaideeswaran, V et al. “Battery Management Systems for Electric Vehicles Using Lithium Ion Batteries.” 2019 Innovations in Power and Advanced Computing Technologies (i-PACT), vol. 1, 2019, pp. 1-9.
XV. Wang, Yang-Yang et al. “Mechanism, Quantitative Characterization, and Inhibition of Corrosion in Lithium Batteries.” Nano Research Energy, vol. 2, no. 1, 2023, p. e9120046.
XVI. Yao, Xing-Yan and Michael G Pecht. “Tab Design and Failures in Cylindrical Li-Ion Batteries.” IEEE Access, vol. 7, 2019, pp. 24082-95.