Authors:
Tahreer Safa’a Mansour,DOI NO:
https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.2019.12.00011Keywords:
Fusion splicing fibers,microstructure fabrication,photonic crystal fiber,Abstract
The difficulty of fusion splicing hollow-core photonic Crystal fibers (HCPCFs) and solid-core (SC-PCFs) to conventional step index single mode fiber (SMF) has severely limited the implementation of PCFs. To make PCFs morefunctional, we have developed a method for splicing HC-PCF and SC-PCF toa SMF using a commercial arc splicer. A repeatable, robust, low-loss splice between the PCFs and SMF is demonstrated. In this paper, comprehensive theoretical, simulation and empirical -MZI based on splicing PCF between two single mode fibers. Adopting of MZI based on SMF and PCF is presented. Theoretical model of computing MFD and relative hole size is used to investigate losses with respect to splicing region. In addition, modeling of MZI using Opti Bpm yields a flexible solution to investigate the splicing effects and finding the optimum point of losses. Both MZI based on SC-PCF and HC-PCF are used in this article. In this section, optimization of splice loss of joints between PCF and SMF is carried out. For the analysis, we use two solvers OptiBPM and OptiMode, and codes written by MATLAB software.Refference:
I. A. D. Yablon and R. T. Bise, “Low-loss high-strength microstructured fiber
fusion splices using GRIN fiberlenses,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 17(1),
118–120 (2005).
II. A. Ishikura, Y. Kato, T. Ooyanagi, and M. Myauchi, “Loss factors analysis
for single-mode fiber splicing withoutcore axis alignment,” J. Lightwave
Technol. 7(4), 577–583 (1989).
III. A. Ortigosa-Blanch, J. C. Knight, W. J. Wadsworth, J. Arriaga, B. J. Mangan,
T. A. Birks, and P. St. J. Russell,“Highly birefringent photonic crystal fibers,”
Opt. Lett. 25(18), 1325–1327 (2000).
IV. B. Bourliaguet, C. Paré, F. Emond, A. Croteau, A. Proulx, and R. Vallée,
“Microstructured fiber splicing,” Opt.Express 11(25), 3412–3417 (2003).
V. T. S. Mansour, and F. M.Abdulhussein, “Dual measurements of pressure and
temperature with fiber Bragg grating sensor,” Al-Khwarizmi Engineering
Journal11(2), 86–91 (2015).
VI. G. E. Town and J. T. Lizier, “Tapered holey fibers for spot-size and
numerical-aperture conversion,” Opt. Lett.26(14), 1042–1044 (2001).
VII. G. Fu, W. Jin, X. Fu, and W. Bi, “Air-holes collapse properties of photonic
crystal fiber in heating process by CO2laser,” IEEE Photon. Jour. 4(3), 1028–
1034 (2012).
VIII. J. C. Knight, “Photonic crystal fibres,” Nature 424(6950), 847–851 (2003).
IX. F. Q. Mohammed, and T. S. Mansour, “Design and Implementation Tunable
Band Pass Filter based on PCF-Air Micro-cavity FBG Fabry-Perot
Resonator,” Iraqi Journal of Laser. 18(1), 13–23 (2019).
X. J. H. Chong and M. K. Rao, “Development of a system for laser splicing
photonic crystal fiber,” Opt. Express11(12), 1365–1370 (2003).
XI. T. S. Mansour, and D. H.Abbass, “Chemical Sensor Based on a Hollow-Core
Photonic Crystal Fiber,” Iraqi Journal of Laser. 12(A), 37–42 (2013).
XII. J. Lægsgaard and A. Bjarklev, “Reduction of coupling loss to photonic
crystal fibers by controlled hole collapse: anumerical study,” Opt. Commun.
237(4-6), 431–435 (2004).
XIII. J. T. Kristensen, A. Houmann, X. M. Liu, and D. Turchinovich, “Low-loss
polarization-maintaining fusion splicingof single-mode fibers and hollowcore
photonic crystal fibers, relevant for monolithic fiber laser
pulsecompression,” Opt. Express 16(13), 9986–9995 (2008).
XIV. J. T. Lizier and G. E. Town, “Splice losses in holey optical fiber,” IEEE
Photon. Technol. Lett. 13(3), 466–467(2001).
XV. L. M. Xiao, M. S. Demokan, W. Jin, Y. P. Wang, and C. L. Zhao, “Fusion
splicing photonic crystal fibers andconventional single-mode fibers:
microhole collapse effect,” J. Lightwave Technol. 25(11), 3563–3574 (2007).
XVI. L. Xiao, W. Jin, and M. S. Demokan, “Fusion splicing small-core photonic
crystal fibers and single mode fibers byrepeated arc discharges,” Opt. Lett.
32(2), 115–117 (2007).
XVII. M. L. V. Tse, H. Y. Tam, L. B. Fu, B. K. Thomas, L. Dong, C. Lu, and P. K.
A. Wai, “Fusion splicing holey fibersand Single-Mode Fibers: A simple
method to reduce loss and increase strength,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.
21(3),164–166 (2009).
XVIII. P. J. Bennett, T. M. Monro, and D. J. Richardson, “Toward practical holey
fiber technology: fabrication, splicing,modeling, and characterization,” Opt.
Lett. 24(17), 1203–1205 (1999).
XIX. P. St. J. Russell, “Photonic-crystal fibers,” J. Lightwave Technol. 24(12),
4729–4749 (2006).
XX. R. Thapa, K. Knabe, K. L. Corwin, and B. R. Washburn, “Arc fusion splicing
of hollow-core photonic bandgapfibers for gas-filled fiber cells,” Opt.
Express 14(21), 9576–9583 (2006).
XXI. T. A. Birks, J. C. Knight, and P. S. Russell, “Endlessly single-mode photonic
crystal fiber,” Opt. Lett. 22(13), 961–963 (1997).
XXII. Z. Xu, K. Duan, Z. Liu, Y. Wang, and W. Zhao, “Numerical analyses of
splice losses of photonic crystal fibers,”Opt.Commun. 282(23), 4527–4531
(2009).