Journal Vol – 15 No -4, April 2020

Abstract:

The utilization of Information Communication Technology for learning and teaching is mandatory now a day’s for the overall development of the students as well the teachers. Research reveals that ICT is useful in developing higher order skills and increasing student’s interest in Mathematics. In this paper, the authors discussed some tools of ICT that are helpful in learning and teaching mathematics and making mathematics an interesting subject for the learners.

Keywords:

Mathematical Tools,ICT,Software,Websites,Mobile Apps,Teaching,

Refference:

References
I. Adrian Old know, Ron Taylor and Linda Tetlow, “Teaching mathematics using ICT”, Bloomsbury Publishing India private Limited, 2010.

II. Albano G., Desiderio M., “Improvements in teaching and learning using CAS”, Proceedings of the Vienna International Symposium on Integrating Technology into Mathematics Education, Viena, Austria, 2002.

III. Artigue, M., “Learning mathematics in a CAS environment”, Proceeding of CAME, http://Itsn.mathstore.ac.uk/came/events/freudenthal, 2001.

IV. Crompton, H., &Traxler, J., “Mobile learning and mathematics. Foundations, design and case studies”. Florence, KY: Routledge, 2015.

V. Harding, A., &Engelbrecht, J., “Personal learning network clusters: A comparison between mathematics and computer science students”. Journal of Educational Technology and Society, 18(3), pp. 173–184, 2015.

VI. Jenni Way and Toni Beardon, “ICT and Primary Mathematics”, Open University Press, Philadelphia, 2003.

VII. SatinderBal Gupta, Monika Gupta., “Technology and E-Learning in Higher Education”, International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, Vol. 29, No.4, pp. 1320-1325, 2020.

VIII. SatinderBal Gupta, Raj Kumar Yadav, Shivani., “Study of Growing Popularity of Payment Apps in India”, Test Engineering & Management, Vol. 82, pp. 16110-16119, Jan-Feb, 2020.

IX. Sue Johnston Wilder and David Pimm, “Teaching Secondary Mathematics with ICT”, McGraw Hill Education, UK, 2004.

X. White, T., & Martin, L., “Mathematics and mobile learning”. Tech Trends, 58(1), pp. 64–70, 2014.

XI. Wijers, M., Jonker, V., &Drijvers, P., “Mobile Math: exploring mathematics outside the classroom”. ZDM–TheInternational Journal on Mathematics Education, 42(7), pp. 789–799, 2010.

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Abstract:

In present paper, we give generalisation of inequalities of eby ev type involving weights for absolutely continuous functions whose derivatives belong to  (Lebesgue space), where r ≥ 1. Our results recapture many established results of different authors. Applications are also given in probability theory.

Keywords:

C ̆ebys ̆evInequality,Probability Density Function,Cumulative Density Function.,

Refference:

Asif R. Khan, J. E. Pec ̆aric ́, M. Praljak, Weighted Montgomery’s Identities for Higher Order Differentiable Functions of Two Variables, , Rev. Anal. Numer. Theor. Approx., 42 (1) (2013), 49-71

Asif R. Khan, J. E. Pec ̆aric ́, M. Praljak, Generalized Cebysev and Ky Fans Identities and Inequalities, J. Math. Inequal.,10 (1) (2016), 185-204.

Asif R. Khan, J. E. Pec ̆aric ́, M. Praljak and S. Varos ̆anec, Genral linear Inequalities and Positivity/Higher Order Convexity, Monographs in inequalities, 12, Element, Zagreb, 2017.

Asif. R. Khan and Faraz Mehmood, Double Weighted Integrals Identities of Montgomery for Differentiable Function of Higher Order, Journal of Mathematics and Statistics, 15 (1) (2019), 112-121.

Asif R. Khan and FarazMehmood, Generalized Identities and Inequalities of C ̆ebys ̆ev and Ky Fan for ∇-convex function, Submitted.

B. G. Pachpatte, On Trapezoid and Gru ̈ss like integral inequalities, Tamkang J. Math., 34(4) (2003) 365-369.

B. G. Pachpatte, On Ostrowski-Gru ̈ss-C ̆ebys ̆ev type inequalities for functions whose modulus of derivatives are convex, J. Inequal. Pure and Appl. Math., 6(4) (2005). Art. 128.

B. G. Pachpatte, On C ̆ebys ̆ev type inequalities involving functions whose derivatives belong to Lp spaces, J. Inequal. Pure Appl. Math., 7(2) (2006). Art. 58.

D. S. Mitrinovic ́, J. E. Pec ̆aric ́ and A. M. Fink, Classical and new inequalities in analysis, Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, Dordrecht, 1993.

FarazMehmood, On Functions WithNondecreasing Increments, (Unpublished doctoral dissertation), Department of Mathematics, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan, 2019.

FizaZafar, Some generalizations of Ostrowski inequalities and their applications to numerical integration and special means, (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). BahauddinZakariya University, Multan, 2010.

H. P. Heining and L. Maligranda, C ̆ebys ̆ev inequality in function spaces, Real Analysis Exchange, 17 (1991-1992) 211-247.

J. Pec ̆aric ́, F. Proschan and Y. L. Tong, Convex functions, partial orderings, and statistical applications, Mathematics in science and engineering, vol. 187, Academic Press, 1992.

P. Cerone, OnC ̆ebys ̆ev Functional Bounds, Proceedings of the Conference on Differential and Difference Equations and Applications, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 267-277.

P. L. C ̆ebys ̆ev, Sur les expressions approximatives des integrales par les auters prises entre les memes limites, Proc. Math. Soc. Charkov, 2 (1882) 93-98.

S. S. Dragomir, Th. M. Rassias (Editors). Ostrowski Type Inequalities and Applications in Numerical Integration. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht/Boston/London 2002.

Zheng Liu, Generalizations of some new C ̆ebys ̆evtype inequalities, J. Inequal. Pure Appl. Math, 8(1) (2007). Art. 13.

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Abstract:

A numerical study to investigate the behaviour and impact of different inner ‎tube geometric shapes on the thermal performance of the latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) unit have been done. Current work includes a horizontal concentric shell filling with paraffin wax as phase change material (PCM). The tested inner tube geometric shapes were circular tube, horizontal elliptical tube, and vertical elliptical tube. Finite-volume method with a single-domain enthalpy method have been used for the simulation. The results showed that the circular tube is the best due to keeping absorbing heat from PCM through HTF for a long time with 66.37% efficiency and 240.5 minutes.

Keywords:

Energy storage,solidification,Shell and tube,Natural convection,PCM,

Refference:

I. Agarwal, Ashish, and R. M. Sarviya. 2016. “An Experimental Investigation of Shell and Tube Latent Heat Storage for Solar Dryer Using Paraffin Wax as Heat Storage Material.” Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal 19 (1): 619–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2015.09.014.

II. Al-Abidi, Abduljalil A., Sohif Bin Mat, K. Sopian, M. Y. Sulaiman, and Abdulrahman Th Mohammed. 2013. “CFD Applications for Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage: A Review.” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 20: 353–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.11.079.

III. Avci, Mete, and M. Yusuf Yazici. 2013. “Experimental Study of Thermal Energy Storage Characteristics of a Paraffin in a Horizontal Tube-in-Shell Storage Unit.” Energy Conversion and Management 73: 271–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2013.04.030.

IV. Esapour, M., M. J. Hosseini, A. A. Ranjbar, Y. Pahamli, and R. Bahrampoury. 2016. “Phase Change in Multi-Tube Heat Exchangers.” Renewable Energy 85: 1017–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2015.07.063.

V. Hosseini, M. J., M. Rahimi, and R. Bahrampoury. 2014. “Experimental and Computational Evolution of a Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger as a PCM Thermal Storage System.” International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 50: 128–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2013.11.008.

VI. Hosseini, M. J., A. A. Ranjbar, K. Sedighi, and M. Rahimi. 2012. “A Combined Experimental and Computational Study on the Melting Behavior of a Medium Temperature Phase Change Storage Material inside Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger.” International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 39 (9): 1416–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2012.07.028.

VII. Jesumathy, S. P., M. Udayakumar, S. Suresh, and S. Jegadheeswaran. 2014. “An Experimental Study on Heat Transfer Characteristics of Paraffin Wax in Horizontal Double Pipe Heat Latent Heat Storage Unit.” Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers 45 (4): 1298–1306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2014.03.007.

VIII. Kibria, M. A., M. R. Anisur, M. H. Mahfuz, R. Saidur, and I. H.S.C. Metselaar. 2014. “Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer in a Shell and Tube Thermal Energy Storage System.” International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 53: 71–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2014.02.023.

IX. Longeon, Martin, Adèle Soupart, Jean François Fourmigué, Arnaud Bruch, and Philippe Marty. 2013. “Experimental and Numerical Study of Annular PCM Storage in the Presence of Natural Convection.” Applied Energy 112: 175–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.06.007.

X. Mahdi, Mustafa S., Hameed B. Mahood, Ahmed F. Hasan, Anees A. Khadom, and Alasdair N. Campbell. 2019. “Numerical Study on the Effect of the Location of the Phase Change Material in a Concentric Double Pipe Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage Unit.” Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 11: 40–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsep.2019.03.007.

XI. Rathod, M. K., and J. Banerjee. 2014. “Experimental Investigations on Latent Heat Storage Unit Using Paraffin Wax as Phase Change Material.” Experimental Heat Transfer 27 (1): 40–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/08916152.2012.719065.

XII. Seddegh, Saeid, Xiaolin Wang, and Alan D. Henderson. 2016. “A Comparative Study of Thermal Behaviour of a Horizontal and Vertical Shell-and-Tube Energy Storage Using Phase Change Materials.” Applied Thermal Engineering 93: 348–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.09.107.

XIII. Senthil, Ramalingam, and Marimuthu Cheralathan. 2016. “Melting and Solidification of Paraffin Wax in a Concentric Tube PCM Storage for Solar Thermal Collector.” International Journal of Chemical 14 (4): 2634–40. http://www.tsijournals.com/abstract/melting-and-solidification-of-paraffin-wax-in-a-concentric-tube-pcm-storage-for-solar-thermal-collector-12762.html.

XIV. Yazici, Mustafa Yusuf, Mete Avci, Orhan Aydin, and Mithat Akgun. 2014. “On the Effect of Eccentricity of a Horizontal Tube-in-Shell Storage Unit on Solidification of a PCM.” Applied Thermal Engineering 64 (1–2): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.12.005.

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Abstract:

The most incredible inventions in concrete is Self-Compacting Concrete, i.e. concrete will flow by its own weight.  Self-compacting concrete can be achieved by high powder content and with combination of different mineral admixtures or secondary supplementary cementetious materials, high range water reducing super plasticizers and the performance of concrete will also enhanced. All above mentioned qualities make Self-compacting concrete as Special concrete. The more research works were going on to get the generalized mix code for SCC and effect of each ingredient of concrete also examine for SCC.   In the present study, the effect super plasticize dosage and binder content on properties of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) had been studied. As a part of experimental study, the mix design was developed based on EFNARC guidelines.  The SCC mixes were made with different proportion of binder content (450, 500, 550) at various dosages of super plasticize. Slump flow, V-funnel, l-box and J-ring tests were conducted for checking the properties of SCC.  3-days, 7-days, 28-days UPV test was conducted. The experimental results reveal that at higher binder content, at lower dosage, SCC was formed. The strength was achieved M45, M60 with 500 and 550 grades of cement respectively.

Keywords:

Self-compacting concrete,binder content,Super plasticizer dosage,mix design,

Refference:

I. B.Łaz´niewska-Piekarczyk, “The influence of chemical admixtures on cement hydration and mixture properties of very high performance self-compacting concrete”, Construction and Building Materials, Dec. 2013.

II. B. Beeralingegowda and V. D. Gundakalle, “The effect of addition ofLimestone powder on the Properties of self-compactingConcrete”, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, vol. 2, no. 9, Sep. 2013.

III. B. G. Patel, A. K. Desai and S. G. Shah, “Effect of Binder Volume on Fresh and Harden Properties of Self Compacting Concrete”, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, vol. 4, no. 09, Sept. 2015.
IV. H. Omkura and M.Ouchi, “Self-compacting concrete”, journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, vol. 1, no.1, pp. 5-15, Apr. 2003.
V. L.O Larsen and V.V. Naruts, “Self-compacting concrete with limestone powder for transport infrastructure”, Magazine of Civil Engineering, vol. 68, no. 8, pp. 76-85, 2016.
VI. M. A.Sikandar, Z.Baloch and Q. Jamal, “Effect of w/b ratio and binder content on the properties of self-compacting high-performance concrete (SCHPC)”, Journal of Ceramic Processing Research, vo. 6, no. 1, pp. 40-48, Jan. 2018.
VII. P.Aggarwal, R.Siddique, Y.Aggarwal and S. M. Gupta, “Self-Compacting Concrete – Procedure for Mix Design”, Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies, no. 12, Jan-Jun 2008, pp. 15-24.
VIII. P. D Viramgama, Prof. S. R. Vaniya and Prof. Dr. K.B.Parikh, “Effect of Ceramic Waste Powder in Self Compacting Concrete Properties: A Critical Review”, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, vol. 13, no. 1 Ver. V, Jan. – Feb. 2016.
IX. S.Grzeszczyk and P.Podkowa, “The Effect of Limestone Filler on the Properties of Self Compacting Concrete”, Annual Transactions of The Nordic Rheology Society, vol. 17, 2009.

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Abstract:

 An additive mapping γ : S → S is  α − centralizer, if γ(xy) = γ(x)α(y) where α is an endomorphism on S, holds  for all x, y ∈ S. In this article, we discuss some functional identities on additive mapping γ : S → S  on a semiring S, which makes it α-centralizer. Further, we investigate some conditions on α – centralizers which enforces commutativity in semirings.  

Keywords:

Semirings,centralizers ,α– centralizer.,

Refference:

I. B. Zalar, On centralizers of semiprime rings, Comment. Math. Univ. Carol. 32 (1991), 609614.
II. H. J. Bandlet and M. Petrich, Subdirect products of rings and distrbutive lattices, Proc. Edin Math. Soc. 25 (1982), 135171.
III. I. N. Herstein, Jordan derivations of prime rings, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 8 (1957), 11041119.
IV. J. Vukman, Centralizer on semiprime rings, Comment. Math. Univ. Carolinae, Vol 42(2001), pp 237-245.
V. J. Vukman, An identity related to centralizer in semiprime rings. Comment. Math. Univ. Carolinae, Vol 40 (1999) pp 447-456
VI. K. Glazek, A Guide to Literature on Semirings and their Applications in Mathematics and Information Sciences with Complete Bibliography, Kluwer Acad. Publ., Dodrecht, 2002.
VII. M.A Javed, M. Aslam and M. Hussain, On condition (A2) of Bandlet and Petrich for inverse semirings, International Mathematical forum, vol 7(2012), no.59, 2903-2914.
VIII. M. Bresar, Zalar B., On the structure of jordan *-derivations, Colloquium Math. (1992), 163-171.
IX. M. Bresar and J. Vukman, Jordan derivations on prime rings, Bull. Austral. Math. Soc. 37 (1988), 321322.
X. M. Bresar, Jordan derivations on semiprime rings, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 104 (1988), 10031006.
XI. P.H. Karvellas, Inversive semirings, J. Austral. Math. Soc. 18 (1974), 277-288
XII. P. Kostolnyi, F. Mi sn, Alternating weighted automata over commutative semirings, Theoret. Comput. Sci. 740 (2018), 127.
XIII. S. Ali, N. A. Dar and J. Vukman, jordan left centralizers of prime and semiprime rngs with involution, Beitr. Algebra. Geom. 54 (2) (2013), 609-624.
XIV. S. Sara, M. Aslam, M.A Javed, On centralizer of Semiprime inverse semirings, Discussiones Mathematicae, General Algebra and Applica- tions 36 (2016) 71-84
XV. U. Hebisch, H. J.Weinert, Semirings: Algebraic Theory and Applica- tions in the Computer Science, World Scientific, 1998.
XVI. V.N. Kolokoltsov, V. Maslov, Idempotent Analysis and Applications, Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1997.
XVII. V. Maslov, S.N. Sambourskii, Idempotent Analysis, Advances Soviet Math. 13, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, R.I., 199

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Abstract:

Statistical analysis is a qualitative research used to quantify data adapting a statistical tool. The present study is to device a time dependent non-parametric mathematical model to analyze the spread of COVID-19 in INDIA based on the statistics available. As the medicine to treat COVID-19 is not invented yet, the best possible way to break the chain of spreading virus is, “Personal Hygiene and Social Distancing”.

Keywords:

COVID-19,Statistical analysis,Non-parametric analysis,

Refference:

I. www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus#tab=tab_1 (accessed on 26-03-2020)
II. www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/symptoms.html (accessed on 26-03-2020)
III. Y. Liu, A. A. Gayle, A. Wilder-Smith, J. Rocklöv, “The reproductive number of COVID-19 is higher compared to SARS coronavirus”, J Travel Med, 27(2), 2020.
IV. www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200121-sitrep-1-2019-ncov.pdf?sfvrsn=20a99c10_4 (accessed on 26-03-2020)
V. www.who.int/docs/default-source/wrindia/situation-report/india-situation-report-8bc9aca340f91408b9efbedb3917565fc.pdf?sfvrsn=5e0b8a43_2 (accessed on 26-03-2020)
VI. www.covid19india.org/ (accessed on 26-03-2020)
VII. Z. Ali, S. Balabhaskar, “Basic statistical tools in research and data analysis”, Indian J Anaesth, 60(9), 662–669, 2016
VIII. D.G. Altman, J. M. Bland, “Parametric v non-parametric methods for data analysis”,. BMJ 338, 3167-3173, 2009

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Abstract:

Voltage instability is one of the major problems in the transmission line system it causes due to the dynamic load pattern and increasing load demand. Flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices are used to maintain the voltage instability by controlling real and reactive power through the system. In transmission line system, the location and size of the FACTS devices are an important consideration to offer perfect real power flow in the bus system. In this paper, an optimal placement and sizing of the FACTS devices are carried out by combining the Kinetic Gas Molecular Optimization (KGMO) and Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO). There are three different FACTS devices are used in this research, such as Static VAR compensator (SVC), Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC) and Unified Power Flow Controllers (UPFC). The objective functions considered for the proposed hybrid KGMO-GWO method are installation cost, Total Voltage Deviation (TVD), Line Loading (LL) and real power loss. Moreover, the optimal placement using the hybrid KGMO-GWO method is validated using IEEE 30 bus system. The performance of the hybrid KGMO-GWO method is analyzed by means of TVD, power loss, installation cost and line loading. Additionally, the hybrid KGMO-GWO method is compared with two existing technique named as QOCRO and hybrid KGMO-PSO. The TVD of the hybrid KGMO-GWO is 0.1007 p.u., it is less when compared to the QOCRO and hybrid KGMO-PSO.

Keywords:

Flexible AC Transmission Systems,Grey Wolf Optimization,Kinetic Gas Molecular Optimization,Static VAR Compensator,Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator,Unified Power Flow Controllers,

Refference:

I. Agrawal, R., Bharadwaj, S.K. and Kothari, D.P., “Population based evolutionary optimization techniques for optimal allocation and sizing of Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor”, Journal of Electrical Systems and Information Technology, vol. 5, pp: 484-501,2018.
II. Balamurugan, K., Muralisachithanandam, R. and Dharmalingam, V., “Performance comparison of evolutionary programming and differential evolution approaches for social welfare maximization by placement of multi type FACTS devices in pool electricity market”, International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 67, pp: 517-528, 2015.
III. Canbing, L.I., Liwu, X.I.A.O., Yijia, C.A.O., Qianlong, Z.H.U., Baling, F.A.N.G., Yi, T.A.N. and Long, Z.E.N.G., “Optimal allocation of multi-type FACTS devices in power systems based on power flow entropy,” Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, vol. 2, pp: 173-180, 2014.
IV. Sen, D., Ghatak, S.R. and Acharjee, P., “Optimal allocation of static VAR compensator by a hybrid algorithm”, Energy Systems, vol. 10, pp: 677-719, 2019.
V. Dash, S.P., Subhashini, K.R. and Satapathy, J.K., “Optimal location and parametric settings of FACTS devices based on JAYA blended moth flame optimization for transmission loss minimization in power systems. Microsystem Technologies, pp: 1-10, 2019.
VI. Dutta, S., Paul, S. and Roy, P.K., “Optimal allocation of SVC and TCSC using quasi-oppositional chemical reaction optimization for solving multi-objective ORPD problem,” Journal of Electrical Systems and Information Technology, vol. 5, pp: 83-98, 2018.
VII. Ersavas, C. and Karatepe, E., “Optimum allocation of FACTS devices under load uncertainty based on penalty functions with genetic algorithm”, Electrical Engineering, VOL. 99, pp: 73-84, 2017.
VIII. Gitizadeh, M., Khalilnezhad, H. and Hedayatzadeh, R., “TCSC allocation in power systems considering switching loss using MOABC algorithm”, Electrical Engineering, vol. 95, pp: 73-85, 2013.
IX. Ghahremani, E. and Kamwa, I., “Optimal placement of multiple-type FACTS devices to maximize power system loadability using a generic graphical user interface,” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 28, pp.764-778, 2012.
X. Hemachandra Reddy K, P. Ram Kishore Kumar Reddy and V. Ganesh, “Optimal Allocation of Multiple Facts Devices with Hybrid Techniques for Improving Voltage Stability”, International Journal on Emerging Technologies,vol. 10,pp. 76-84, 2019.
XI. Mondal, D., Chakrabarti, A. and Sengupta, A., “Optimal placement and parameter setting of SVC and TCSC using PSO to mitigate small signal stability proble,”. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 42, pp: 334-340,2012.
XII. Kavitha, K. and Neela, R. “Optimal allocation of multi-type FACTS devices and its effect in enhancing system security using BBO, WIPSO & PSO,” Journal of Electrical Systems and Information Technology, vol. 5, , pp.777-793, 2018.
XIII. Panda, S., Patil R. N., “Location of Shunt FACTS Controllers for Transient Stability Improvement Employing Genetic Algorithm”, Electric Power Components and Systems, vol. 135, pp: 189-203, 2007.
XIV. Packiasudha, M., Suja, S. and Jerome, J., “A new Cumulative Gravitational Search algorithm for optimal placement of FACT device to minimize system loss in the deregulated electrical power environment”, International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 84, pp: 34-46,2017.
XV. Rahimzadeh, and Bina, M.T. “Looking for optimal number and placement of FACTS devices to manage the transmission congestion,” Energy conversion and management, vol. 52, pp.437-446,2011.
XVI. Safari, A., Bagheri, M. and Shayeghi, H., “Optimal setting and placement of FACTS devices using strength Pareto multi-objective evolutionary algorithm” Journal of Central South University, vol. 24, p: 829-839, 2017.

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Abstract:

This paper studies the effect of changing layers arrangement of composite materials (four samples consisting of 8 layers with a change in the arrangement of  layers and composite materials were used glass fibers, carbon fibers and perlon with lamina matrix) on the mechanical properties (yield stress, ultimate stress, Young's modulus, and Poisson's ratio) of the prosthetic below knee socket (BK) by using tensile test device. Also, calculate the (S-N) curves for these samples by using bending fatigue test device to calculate the fatigue life.       The pressure distribution between the (BK)socket and the residual lower limb using pressure sensor and the information on gait cycle was by using force plate on the case study patient with (BK) amputation.       The solid work program to drawn the socket and ANSYS workbench 14.5 was used to analyze and evaluate the fatigue characteristic by observing the maximum stress, total deformation and safety factor.       The results show that the yield stress in the samples 2, 3 and 4 is increased about 18 %, 95%, and 91% respectively more than the standard sample1. While the ultimate stress in the samples 2, 3 and 4 is increased 32%, 89%, and 68% respectively more than the standard sample1, the Young's modulus in the samples 2, 3 and 4 is increased about 5%, 18%, and 12% respectively more than the standard sample1, the Poisson's ratio is increased about 3%, 6%, and 7% respectively more than the standard sample1, and the fatigue life is increased about 23%, 73% and 29% in the samples 2, 3 and 4  respectively more than the standard sample 1.

Keywords:

Composite materials,mechanical properties,fatigue life,below knee socket,

Refference:

I. A. P. Irawan, I. Wayan S, “Tensile and Impact Strength of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composite as Alternative Materials for above Prosthetic Socket”, International Conference on Sustainable Technology Development, Vol. 2, pp. 109-115, 2012.
II. A. Adawiya .Hamzah, “Vibrational Behavior of Three Floors Structure Equipped with Dampers”, International Journal of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering , Vol.17, No.04, 2017.
III. D .Popovic, T .Sinkjaer, “Control of Movement for the Physically Disabled”, Springer Verlag London, 2000.
IV. H. MajidFaidh-Allah, Mahmood W. Saeed and Adawiya A. Hamzah, “Experimental and Numerical Study the Effect of Materials Changing on Behavior of Dental Bur (Straight Fissure) under Static Stress Analysis” Innovative Systems Design and Engineering , Vol.6, No.2, 2015.
V. H .Majid. Faidh-Allah, Zainab A. Abdul Khalik, “Experimental and Numerical Stress Analysis of Involute Splined Shaft”, Journal of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Vol.18 , No.4 , 2012.
VI. H. SaleelAbood, Majid H. Faidh-Allah, “Analysis of Prosthetic Running Plate of Limb Using Different Composite Materials”, Journal of Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Vol.25, No.12, pp.15-25, 2019.
VII. H. Majid .Faidh-Allah, Adawiya A. Hamzah, “Vibration Analysis of Aircraft Wing under Gust Load”, Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol.14, No.11, pp.3571-3574, 2019.
VIII. H. Majid .Faidh-Allah, “Study the Steady-State and Dynamic Problems of the Rotating Blades”, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, Vol.9, No.10, pp.548-558, 2018.
IX. H. Majid .Faidh-Allah, “The Temperature Distribution in Friction Clutch Disc under Successive Engagements”, Tribology in Industry, Vol.40, No.1, pp.92-99, 2018.
X. Hamill, J. and Knutzen, K., “Biomechanical Basis of Human Movement”, 2nd edition, Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003.
XI. K Sethi, P., “Technological Choices in Prosthetics and Orthotics for Developing Countries”, Prosthetic and Orthotics International ,Vol.13, pp.117-124,1989.
XII. Karen Junius, TomVerstraten, “Design of an Actuated Orthosis for Support of the Sound Leg of TransfemoralDysvascular Amputees”, Master Thesis in Department of Mechanical Engineering Vrije Universities Brussel Academic year: 2011 – 2012.
XIII. M. J. Jweeg , S. S. Hasan and J. S. Chiad , “Effects of Lamination Layers on the Mechanical Properties for above Knee Prosthetic Socket”, Eng. & Tech. Journal,Vol.27, No.4, 2009.
XIV. M .MuhammedA., “Experimental Investigation of Tensile and Fatigue Stresses for Orthotic / Prosthetic Composite Materials with Varying Fiber (Perlon, E-Glass and Carbon)”. Arpn Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, vol. 11, no. 21, November 2016.
XV. Standard, A. S. T. M. (2003), “Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics”, ASTM International. Designation: D, 638, 1-13.
XVI. T. Mustafa Ismail ,Muhsin J. Jweeg and Kadhim K. Resan, “Study of Creep- Fatigue Interaction in the Prosthetic Socket below Knee”, Innovative Systems Design and Engineering , Vol.4, No.5, 2013.

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Abstract:

The incidences of diseases (morbidities) vary across geographic areas. Spatial statistical analysis concerning spread  and  direction  is useful to study  such diseases in the neighborhood. This helps the health provenance for reducing this disease and control spatially it. Many spatial interpolations have employed for predicting the risky diseases based on observed values. In this paper, two methods of the spatial interpolation have studied based on unmeasured values from the same characteristic of spatial data, area-to-point kriging and topological kriging. These methods exploit variogram structure to predict the unmeasured values, then they fit this variogram by one of the parametric variograms. The de-regularization or deconvolution method is iterative and search model of area that reduces the variation between the theoretical semivariogram model and the fitted model for irregular area data. However, it is an approximate method for different regions based on the concept of average distance between irregular areas. Then, area to point kriging method has used using back calculation for approximated irregular areas in topological kriging (top kriging) .The prediction results for top kriging is better than other method. Disease krige map explaining the embedding risk of effective disease from observed frequencies are summarizes and their performances have compared .The goal of this paper is  mapping and exploring the spatial variation and hot spots of district- level disease cases in Iraq country

Keywords:

Geostatistics ,Deconvolution,Change the support,Interpolatio,

Refference:

I. A. Soares et al. (eds.), geo ENV VI – Geostatistics for Environmental Applications, 3-22 , Springer Science& Business Media,vol .15 ,2008.
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III. Atkinson, Peter, Jingxiong Zhang, and Michael F. Goodchild. Scale in spatial information and analysis. CRC Press, 2014.
IV. B .Ghosh, Random distances within a rectangle and between two rectangles.Bull. Calcutta Math. Soc. 43, 17- 24, 1951.
V. CA .Gotway, Young LJ , Combining incompatible spatial data. J Am Stat Assoc 97(459):632-648,2002.
VI. Duan, Qingyun, Soroosh Sorooshian, and Vijai Gupta. “Effective and efficient global optimization for conceptual rainfall-runoff models.” Water resources research 28.4: 1015-1031, 1992.
VII. Gotway Crawford C.A., Young L.J. , Change of support: an inter-disciplinary challenge. In: Geostatistics for Environmental Applications. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2005.
VIII. Gottschalk, Lars, Etienne Leblois, and Jon Olav Skøien. “Distance measures for hydrological data having a support.” Journal of hydrology 402.3-4 ,415-421,2011.
IX. G. Journel, A.., Huijbregts, C.J., Mining Geostatistics. Academic Press, London, UK, 1978.
X. H .Kupfersberger, Deutsch CV, Journel AG Deriving constraints on small-scale variograms due to variograms of large-scale data. Math Geol 30(7):837-852, 1998.
XI. Kyriakidis, P., A, geostatistical framework for area-to-point spatial interpolation. Geograph. Anal. 36 (3), 259 -289,2004 .
XII. N.Cressie, Statistics for Spatial Data. Wiley, a Wiley-Interscience-Publication, New York, NY, 1991.
XIII. O. Skøien, J., Merz, R., Blöschl, G., Top-kriging – geostatistics on stream network s. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 10, 277- 287, 2006 .
XIV. O .Skoien, J, Bloschl, G., Laaha, G., Pebesma, E., Parajka, J., Viglione, A., Rtop: An R package for interpolation of data with a variable spatial support, with an example from river networks. Computers & Geosciences, 67, 2014.
XV. P .Goovaerts,, “Kriging and semivariogram deconvolution in the presence of irregular geographical units”. Math. Geosci. 40 (1), 101 – 128 , 2008.
XVI. www.unicef.org

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Abstract:

This paper study the effect of Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) type on the thermal effeicncy  of Integrated Solar Combined Power Plant. The aim of this work is to improve thermal effeicncy of Integrated Solar Combined Cycle System (ISCCS). In this plant, recovery the largest possible amount of thermal energy in flue gases of gas power plants, to produce steam, and adopting solar energy to produce hot water. The efficiency of Solar Integrated Steam Power Plant can be increased from 40%  for case A to 50% for case B, due to increased  the aviable heat of HRSG from 168.27 MW to306 MW. Also, thermal environmental pollution can reduced  from 148.36 ℃ to 68.97 ℃.

Keywords:

Heat Recovery Steam Generator,Solar Energy,Integrated Solar Combined Power Plant,

Refference:

I. AL-Zafaraniyah Gas Power Plant / Baghdad, Iraq.
II. Cavalcanti E. J. C.,” Exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental analyses of an integrated solar combined cycle system” renewable and sustainable energy reviews, V.67, PP.507-519, 2017.
III. E.Kabalci ,” Design and analysis of a hybrid renewable energy plant with solar and wind power”, energy conversion and management, V.xxx, PP.xxx-xxx, 2013.
IV. F. Calise , Accadia M. D., Libertini L. and Vicidomini M. ,” Thermoeconomic analysis of an integrated solar combined cycle power plant”, energy conversion and management, V.171, PP.1038-1051, 2018.
V. G .Khankari, and Karmakar S., ” power generation from flue gas waste heat in a 500 MW subcritical coal-fired thermal power plant using solar-assisted Kalina cycle system 11“, applied thermal engineering, V.xxx, PP.xxx-xxx, 2018.
VI. G. Bonforte, Buchgeister J., Manfrida G. and Petela K., ” Exergoeconomic and Exergoenvironmental analysis of an integrated solar gas turbine/combined cycle power plant “, energy, V.152, PP.xxx-xxx, 2018.
VII. G. Manente, Rech S., and Lazzaretto A.,” optimum choice and placement of concentrating solar power technologies in integrated solar combined cycle systems “renewable energy, V.96, PP.172-189, 2016.
VIII. H .Nezammahalleh, F. Farhadi, and Tanhaemami M., ” conceptual design and techno-economic assessment of integrated solar combined cycle system with DSG technology “, solar energy, V.84, PP.1696-1705, 2010.
IX. H.Nezammahalleh, Farhadi F., and Tanhaemami M.,” conceptual design and techno-economic assessment of integrated solar combined cycle system with DSG technology “, solar energy, V.84, PP.1696-1705, 2010.
X. J .Potter ,”Power plant , Theory and design “, John wiley pub,1956.
XI. N. Khan M,and Tlili I., “ Innovative thermodynamic parametric investigation of gas and steam bottoming cycles with heat exchanger and heat recovery steam generator: Energy and exergy analysis”, Energy Reports, V4, PP. 497-506, 2018.
XII. Q .Yan, Hu E., Yang Y. and Zhai R., ” Evaluation of solar aided thermal power generation with various power plants”, International journal of energy research, V.35, PP.909-922, 2011.
XIII. S .Jamel M., Shamsuddin A.H., and Abd- Rahman A.,” advances in the integration of solar thermal energy with conventional and non-conventional power plants”, renewable and sustainable energy reviews, V20, PP.71-81, 2013.
XIV. Y. Li and Xiong Y., ” Thermo-economic analysis of a novel cascade integrated solar combined cycle system”, energy, V145, PP.116-127,2018.
XV. Y.Li and Xiong Y.,” Thermo-economic analysis of a novel cascade integrated solar combined cycle system”, energy, V145, PP.116-127, 2018.

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Abstract:

In this paper we investigate some fundamental results on Jordan ideals, ∗-Jordan ideals, derivations and generalized derivations and hence establish some commutativity results for a certain class of semirings with involution

Keywords:

Inverse semirings,MA-semirings,Generalized derivations,*Jordanideals,

Refference:

I. B.E. Johnson, Continuity of derivations on commutative Banach algebras, Amer. J. Math.,vol. 91,pp: 1-10, 1969.
II. C. Lanski, Commutation with skew elements in rings with involution, Pacific J. Math., vol. 83, no. 2,pp: 393-399, 1979.
III. C.E. Rickart,Banach algebras with an adjoint operation, Ann. Math. (2), vol. 47, no. 3, pp:528-550, 1946.
IV. D.A. Jordan,On the ideals of a Lie algebra of derivations, J. London Math. Soc., vol. 33,no. 2,pp:33-39, 1986.
V. E.C. Posner, Derivations in prime rings, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc., vol. 8, pp:1093-1100, 1957.
VI. H.E. Bell, W. S. Martindale, Centralizing mappings of semiprime rings, Canad. Math. Bull., vol. 30, pp:92-101, 1987.
VII. H.J. Bandlet, M. Petrich, Subdirect products of rings and distributive attics, Proc. Edinburgh Math. Soc., vol. 25, pp:135-171, 1982.
VIII. I.E. Segal, Irreducible representations of operator algebras, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc., vol. 53, pp:73-88, 1947.
IX. I.N. Herstein, Topics in ring theory, Chicago lectures in mathematics, 1969.
X. I.N. Herstein,Rings with involution, University of Chicago, 1976.
XI. J. Berger, I.N. Herstein and J. W. Kerr, Lie ideals ana derivations of prime rings, J. Algebra, vol. 71, pp: 259-267, 1981.
XII. K.I. Beidar, W.S Martindale On functional identities in prime rings with involution, J. Algebra, vol. 203, no.2,pp:491-532, 1998.
XIII. L. Oukhtite, On Jordan ideals and derivations in rings with involution, Comment. Math. Univ. Carolin., 51(3) (2010), 389-395.
XIV. L. Oukhtite, A. Mamouni, Generalized derivations centralizing on Jordan ideals of rings with involution, Turk. J. Math., 38 (2014), 225-232.
XV. L. Oukhtite, A. Mamouni, Derivations satisfying certain algebraic identities on Jordan ideals, Arab. J. Math., vol. 1, no. 3, pp:341-346, 2012.
XVI. L. Oukhtite, Posner’s second theorem for Jordan ideals in rings with involution, Expos. Math., vol. 29, no. 4, pp:415-419, 2011.
XVII. Liaqat Ali, M. Aslam and Yaqoub Ahmed Khan, Commutativity of semirings with involution, Asian-European Journal of Mathematics, (2019) https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793557120501533
XVIII. Liaqat Ali, M. Aslam and Yaqoub Ahmed Khan, On Jordan ideals of inverse semirings with involution, Indian Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 13, no. 4, pp:430–438, 2020.
XIX. Liaqat Ali, M. Aslam and Yaqoub Ahmed Khan, On Posner’s second theorem for semirings with involution, Submitted.
XX. M. Bresar, On the distance of the composition of two derivations to the generalized derivations, Glasg. Math. J., vol. 33, no. 1, pp:89-93, 1991.
XXI. M.A. Javed, M. Aslam and M. Hussain, On condition (A2) of Bandlet and Petrich for inverse semirings, Int. Math. Forum, vol. 7, no. 59, pp:2903-2914, 2012.
XXII. M.N. Daif, Commutativity result for semiprime rings with derivations, Int. J. Math. Math. Sci., vol. 21, no. 3, pp:471-474, 1998.
XXIII. R. Awtar, Lie and Jordan structure in prime rings with derivations, Proc. Am.Math. Soc., vol. 41 ,pp:67-74, 1973.
XXIV. S.M.A. Zaidi, M. Ashraf, S. Ali, On Jordan ideals and left (θ,θ)-derivations in prime rings, Int. J. Math. Math. Sci. vol. 2004, no. 37, pp:1957-1964, 2004.
XXV. Sara Shafiq, M. Aslam, M.A Javed, On centralizer of semiprime inverse semiring, DiscussionesMathematicae, General Algebra andApplications, vol. 36, pp:71-84, 2016.
XXVI. T.K Lee, On derivations of prime rings with involution, Chin. J. Math., vol. 20, no. 2, pp:191-203, 1992.
XXVII. Yaqoub Ahmed Khan, M. Aslam and Liaqat Ali, Commutativity of additive inverse semirings through f(xy) = [x,f(y)], Thai J. of Math., Special Issue,pp:288-300, 2018.

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Abstract:

Drilling in bone is an inevitable operation performed to join damaged bone during accidents. Drilling facilitates use of screws and plates and in this immobilisation of bone is achieved which is a primary requirement for natural bone growth and re-joining. To study bone drilling, threshold temperature [VI] has to be the prime concern and accordingly drilling parameters and specifications are to be selected otherwise irreversible[III] bone damage can occur. In this study, drilling process is conducted on a sheep bone and optimization of drilling parameters is suggested using Taguchi and ANOVA method, so that the cell damage can be on lower side. To control thermal necrosis an intelligent drilling machine is also proposed.

Keywords:

Bone drilling,threshold temperature,optimization,

Refference:

I. Augustin G, Davila S, Udiljak T, Vedrinal DS, Bagatin D. (2009) .Determination of spatial distribution of increase in bone temperature during drilling by infrared thermography: preliminary report. Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma. Surgery,129(5):703–9.

II. Augustin G., S. Davila et al. (2008). Thermal osteonecrosis and bone drilling parameters revisited. Archives of Orthopaedic & Trauma Surgery.128(1): 71-77.

III. Bonfleld,W., Li,C.H.,. The temperature dependence of the deformation of bone J. Biomechanics.Vol I. pp. 323-329 PergamonPress..Printed in Great Britain.

IV. Brisman D.L., (1996).The effect of speed, pressure, and time on bone temperature during the drilling of implant sites. International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Implants, 11(1):35–7.

V. Davidson SRH, James D.F., (2000).Measurement of thermal conductivity of bovine cortical bone. Medical Engineering and Physics, 22(10):741–7.

VI. Eriksson, R. A. and Albrektsson,T . (1984).The effect of heat on bone regeneration: an experimental study in the rabbit using the bone growth chamber. Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, 42(11): 705-711.

VI. Hillery M.T., Shuaib I. (1999). Temperature effects in the drilling of human and bovine bone. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 92-93:302–8.

VIII. Jill E. Shea, (2002). Experimental Confirmation of the Sheep Model for Studying the Role of Calcified Fibrocartilage in Hip Fractures and Tendon Attachments,wiley-liss,inc.The anatomical record. 266:177–183,

IX. JoséCaeiroPotes, et.al, (2008).The Sheep as an Animal Model in Orthopaedic Research, Experimental pathology and health sciences;2(1):29-32,

X. Karaca, F., Aksakalb, B.,Komc,M.,. (2011). Influence of orthopaedic drilling parameters on temperature and histopathology of bovine tibia: An in vitro study, Medical Engineering & Physics, 33:1221– 1227.

XI. Lucia Martini, et.al, (2001). Sheep Model in Orthopaedic Research: A Literature Review,American Association for Laboratory Animal Science, August. vol.51.No. 4: Page 292-299.

XII. Lundskog,J., (1972).Heat and bone tissue, Scand. Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Sup.

XIII. Matthews LS, Green CA, Goldstein SA. (1984). The thermal effects of skeletal fixation pin insertion in bone. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. 66(7):1077–83.

XIV. Mortiz,A.R., Henerique,F.C., (1947).The relative importance of time and surface temperature in the causation of cutaneous burns, American Journal of Physiology. 23: 695-719.

XV. Nam O., Yu W., Choi M.Y., Kyung H.M. (2006), Monitoring of bone temperature during osseous preparation for orthodontic micro-screw implants: effect of motor speed and pressure. Key Engineering Materials, 321–323:1044–7.

XVI. Natali C., P. Ingle et al. (1996).Orthopaedic bone drills-can they be improved? Temperature changes near the drilling face. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.78-B (3): 357-362.

XVII. Ohashi H., Therin M., Meunier A., Christel P., (1994).The effect of drilling parameters on bone. Journal of Material Science: Materials in Medicine.5(4):225–31.
XVIII. Roy R., (2001).Design of experiments using the Taguchi approach: 16 steps to product and process improvement. John Wiley & Sons, New York, ISBN: 0471361011

XIX. Saha S, Pal S, Albright J. (1982), surgical drilling: design and performance of an improved drill. Transactions of ASME, Journal of Biomechanical Engineering.104(3):245–52.

XX. Sharawy M., Misch C.E., Weller N., Tehemar S., (2002). Heat generation during implant drilling: the significance of motor speed. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,; 60(10):1160–9.

XXI. Toews A. R., J. V. Bailey et al. (1999), Effect of feed rate and drill speed on temperatures in equine cortical bone. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 60(8): 942-944.

XXII. Tony M. Keaveny, Bone mechanics Source: standard handbook of biomedical engineering and design. Downloaded from Digital Engineering Library @ McGraw-Hill (www.digitalengineeringlibrary.com) Copyright © 2004

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Abstract:

Nowadays water scarcity is a major threat to our society, in the name of development, depletion of water increases. The developing technologies had decreased the wealth of the soil. Advancement in agriculture brought artificial fertilizers to eradicate diseases, it turns the soil infertile. This could be overcome by an efficient method called “HYDROPONICS”. This plantation had brought smartness in agriculture. By this, we could achieve lesser space, less man power and 10% of water consumption compared to conventional method. The monitoring and control techniques could be  implemented using Internet of Things (IoT) for proper and advance maintenance.   The major parameters to be handled in Hydroponics are monitoring temperature, humidity, PH of water, water flow, nutrition level, pump motor speed and efficiency. The collected data are uploaded into cloud using IoT module. The data  can be processed in cloud or local server. Remote user can also control the system through Android/Web Application. The present work focused on the energy meter automation using Arduino. When the load is given to the energy meter the CAL led blinks and the blinking pulse is triggered using Opto coupler (4N35). The 5v impulse is given as digital HIGH input to any one of the Arduino digital pin. The pulse is counted in the Arduino and the power calculation  is processed in the program.

Keywords:

Cloud,Hydroponics,Internet of Things,PH,Web Application ,

Refference:

I. Abdur Rahim Biswas and RaffaeleGiaffreda, “IoT and Cloud Convergence: Opportunities and Challenges”, 2014 IEEE World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT).
II. Asumadu, J.A., Smith, B., Dogan, N.S., Loretan, P.A., Aglan, H.,
Microprocessor-based instrument for hydroponic growth chambers used in ecological life support systems Instrumentation and Measurement Technology, IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, June 4-6, 1996.
III. K. Kalovrektis, Ch. Lykas, I. Fountas, A. Gkotsinas, I.Lekakis,
Development and application embedded systems and wireless network of sensors to control of hydroponic greenhouses, International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 2013, 3(5): pp. 198-202.
IV. Mamta D. Sardare, Shraddha V. Admane, A review on plant without soil hydroponics‘, IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology ISSN: 2319-1163, Volume: 02 Issue: 03, Mar-2013
V. NiveditaWagh, VijendraPokharkar, AvinashBastade, Priyanka
Surwase, UmeshBorole,PLC based automated hydroponic system‘, IJSTE International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering, Volume 2, Issue 10, April 2016.
VI. Rahul Nalwade, Mr.Tushar Mote, “Hydroponics Farming”, pg: 647, International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics ICEI 2017
VII. Rajeev lochan Mishra1 and Preet Jain, ―Design and implementation of automatic hydroponics system using ARM processor, International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Vol. 4,Issue 8, August 2015.
VIII. S.S.Kalamkar, “Urbanisation and Agricultural Growth in India”, Indian Journal Of Agri. Econ. Vol. 64, No.3, July-Sept. 2009.

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Abstract:

This paper proposes an approach to study the effect of faulty array element on the accuracy of the parameter estimation of direction of arrival of the plain waves and their amplitudes from sources that are considered to be far field sources. In this approach we require only one snapshot. The cost function is developed for heuristic computation using genetic algorithm (GA). Cost function is based on  norm of the difference between actual observation vector and the constructed vector plus the correlation between the two normalized vectors. The results have been given for different length of array i.e. 10, 15 and 20.Longer array is able to minimize the effect of faulty array element.

Keywords:

Direction of Arrival,Uniform Linear Array,Parameter Estimation,Faulty Array,

Refference:

I. B. Ottersten and T. Kailath, “Direction-of-arrival estimation for wide-band signals using the ESPRIT algorithm,” IEEE Trans. Acoust., vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 317–327, 1990.
II. F. Zaman, I. M. Qureshi, A. Naveed, and Z. U. Khan, “Real time direction of arrival estimation in noisy environment using particle swarm optimization with single snapshot,” Res. J. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol., vol. 4, no. 13, pp. 1949–1952, 2012.
III. F. Zaman, I. M. Qureshi, A. Naveed, and Z. U. Khan, “Joint estimation of amplitude, direction of arrival and range of near field sources using memetic computing,” Prog. Electromagn. Res. C, vol. 31, pp. 199–213, 2012.
IV. F. Zaman, I. M. Qureshi, A. Naveed, J. A. Khan, and R. M. A. Zahoor, “Amplitude and directional of arrival estimation: comparison between different techniques,” Prog. Electromagn. Res. B, vol. 39, pp. 319–335, 2012.
V. F. Zaman, J. A. Khan, Z. U. Khan, and I. M. Qureshi, “An application of hybrid computing to estimate jointly the amplitude and direction of arrival with single snapshot,” in Proceedings of 2013 10th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences & Technology (IBCAST), 2013, pp. 364–368.
VI. J. A. Khan, M. A. Z. Raja, and I. M. Qureshi, “Numerical treatment of nonlinear Emden–Fowler equation using stochastic technique,” Ann. Math. Artif. Intell., vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 185–207, 2011.
VII. M. Mouhamadou, P. Vaudon, and M. Rammal, “Smart antenna array patterns synthesis: Null steering and multi-user beamforming by phase control,” Prog. Electromagn. Res., vol. 60, pp. 95–106, 2006.
VIII. M. Mukhopadhyay, B. K. Sarkar, and A. Chakraborty, “Augmentation of anti-jam gps system using smart antenna with a simple doa estimation algorithm,” Prog. Electromagn. Res., vol. 67, pp. 231–249, 2007.
IX. M. A. Ur Rehman, F. Zaman, I. M. Qureshi, and Y. A. Sheikh, “Null and sidelobes adjustment of damaged array using hybrid computing,” Proc. – 2012 Int. Conf. Emerg. Technol. ICET 2012, pp. 386–389, 2012.
X. Cheng and Y. Hua, “Further study of the pencil-MUSIC algorithm,” IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 284–299, 1996.
XI. Y. Hua, T. K. Sarkar, and D. Weiner, “L-shaped array for estimating 2-D directions of wave arrival,” in Proceedings of the 32nd Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 1989, pp. 390–393.
XII. V. S. Kedia and B. Chandna, “A new algorithm for 2-D DOA estimation,” Signal Processing, vol. 60, no. 3, pp. 325–332, 1997.
XIII. Y. A. Sheikh, F. Zaman, I. M. Qureshi, and M. Atique-ur-Rehman, “Amplitude and direction of arrival estimation using differential evolution,” in 2012 International Conference on Emerging Technologies, 2012, pp. 1–4.
XIV. Y. Wu, G. Liao, and H.-C. So, “A fast algorithm for 2-D direction-of-arrival estimation,” Signal Processing, vol. 83, no. 8, pp. 1827–1831, 2003.
XV. Z. U. Khan, A. Naveed, I. M. Qureshi, and F. Zaman, “Independent null steering by decoupling complex weights,” IEICE Electron. Express, vol. 8, no. 13, pp. 1008–1013, 2011.

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Abstract:

This work aims on improving the dynamic time response of closed-loop Bootstrap controlled SVM inverter (BSVMI) with PI, FOPID and FLC. In this work the simulink model of FLC based ZVS bootstrap SVM inverter system is discussed. Bootstrap converter is a popular device within the family of power Electronics device. The SVM inverter is used with voltage source inverter (VSI) and the switching pulses are given using FLC controller. The ZVS bootstrap converter is used for reduction of switching losses. The simulation results are presented to find the effect of BSVMI using FLC. The simulation results with PI, FOPID and FLC Controller based BSVMI are compared and the consequent time-domain parameters are presented. The results specify that FLC Controller system has enhanced response than PI and FOPID controlled system

Keywords:

FLC,Bootstrap,SVM,Cloased Loop,Dynamic reponse,

Refference:

I. Ayyanar R and Mohan N “Novel soft-switching DC-DC converter with full ZVS-range and reduced filter requirement. I: Regulated-output applications,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 184-192, Mar. 2001.
II. Cavalcanti M.C, E.R.C. da Silva, A.M.N Lima, C.B. Jacobina, R.N.C.Alves ; “Reducing losses in three-phase PWM pulsed DC-link voltagetype inverter systems,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 38 , No.4 , pp. 1114 – 1122, 2002.
III. CelanovicN. and D. Boroyevich, “A fast space vector modulation algorithm for multilevel three phase converters,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., Vol. 37, No. 2, pp. 637 – 641, Feb. 2001.
IV. Chu E. H, X. T. Hou, H. G Zhang, M. Y. Wu, and X. C. Liu, “Novel zero-voltage and zero-current switching (ZVZCS) PWM three-level DC/DC converter using output coupled inductor,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 1082-1093, Mar. 2014.
V. Chen T. F and S. Cheng, “A novel zero-voltage zero-current switching full-bridge PWM converter using improved secondary active clamp,” IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, Montreal, pp. 1683-1687, 2006.
VI. Govindaraj T and B.Gokulakrishnan, “Simulation of PWM based AC/DC Converter control to improve Power Quality,” International Journal of Advanced and Innovative Research.ISSN: 2278-7844, Dec-2012, pp524-533.
VII. Govindaraj T, RasilaR,”Development of Fuzzy Logic Controller for DC – DC Buck Converters”, International Journal of Engineering TechsciVol 2(2), 192-198, 2010.
VIII. Gupta A. K, and A. M. Khambadkone, “A space vector PWM scheme for multilevel inverters based on two-level space vector PWM,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 1631–1639, Oct. 2006.
IX. Halasz S, B.T. Huu, A. Zakharov ;“Two-phase modulation technique for three-level inverter-fed AC drives,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 47, No.6, pp.1200 – 1211, 2000.
X. Hideaki Fujita, Ryo Suzuki : “A three-phase solar power conditioner using a single-phase PWM control method,” IEEJ Trans. IA, Vol. 130, No.2, pp.173-180, 2010.
XI. Haifeng Lu, WenlongQu, Xiaomeng Cheng, Yang Fan, Xing Zhang : “A Novel PWM Technique With Two-Phase Modulation,” IEEE Trans. On Power Electronics, Vol. 22, No.6, pp.2403-2409, 2007.
XII. Jin K., X. Ruan, and F. Liu, “An improved ZVS PWM three-level converter,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 319–329, Feb. 2007.
XIII. LingaSwamy. R and Satish Kumar. P (2008), ‘Speed control of space vectored modulated inverter driven induction motor’, proceedings of the International Multi conference of engineers and computer scientist, vol.2.
XIV. MousaviA and G. Moschopoulos, “A new ZCS-PWM fullbridge DC–DC converter with simple auxiliary circuits,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 1321-1330, Mar. 2014.
XV. Ruan X. and Y. Yan, “A novel zero-voltage and zero current- switching PWM full-bridge converter using two diodes in series with the lagging leg,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 777-785, Aug. 2001.
XVI. Szychta E., “ZVS operation region of multi resonant DC/DC boost converter”, Journal of Advances in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Vol.6, No.2, 2007, Zilina University, pp. 60-62.
XVII. Sefa I., N. Altin, S. Ozdemi, and O. Kaplan, “Fuzzy PI controlled inverter for grid interactive renewable energy systems,” IET RenewablePower Generation, vol. 9, no. 7, pp. 729-738, 2015.
XVIII. Tabisz W.A., Lee F.C., ”DC analysis and design of zero-voltage switched multi-resonant converters”, IEEE 20th Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, PESC ’89, vol. 1, 1989, p. 243 – 251.
XIX. Tattiwong K. and C. Bunlaksananusorn, “Analysis design and experimental verification of a quadratic boost converter,” in TENCON 2014 – 2014 IEEE Region 10 Conference, Oct 2014, pp. 1–6.
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