Archive

Abstract:

In this, present a single-phase five-level inverter for high power applications. Whenever grid-connected system mainly focuses on maintaining less THD and less switching losses. The projected topology has a minimum number of switches as associated with existing topologies. In case, the inverter has a number of switches it produces high THD and switching loses similar more driving circuits are required. So in this proposed topology consider less number switches. Similarly, SPWM control technique is utilized to control the inverter. In SPWM techniques, level shifter modulation is implemented for proposed topology. With the help of Matlab software, the proposed topology is simulated and get results.

Keywords:

DC-DC converter,SPWM,Five-level inverter,single-phase inverter.,

Refference:

I. E. Babaei, S. Laali, and Z. Bayat, “A single-phase cascaded fivelevel inverter
based on a new basic unit with reduced number of power switches,” IEEE
Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 62, no. 2, pp. 922–929, 2015.
II. E. Najafi, and A. H. M. Yatim, “Design and Implementation of a New
Fivelevel Inverter Topology,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 59, no. 11, pp.
4148-4154, Nov. 2012.
III. E.Sambath1, S.P. Natarajan, C.R.Balamurugan, “Performance Evaluation of
Five Carrier Based PWM Techniques for Single Phase Five Level H-Bridge
Type FCMLI”, IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN) ISSN: 2250-3021
Volume 2, Issue 7(July 2012), PP 82-90.
IV. Kennedy A. Aganah, Benozir Ahmed, and Aleck W. Leedy, “Single-Phase
Fivelevel Inverter Topology for Distributed DC Sources”, 978-1-5090-1496-
5/16/$31.00 c 2016 IEEE.

V. Krishna Kumar Gupta and Shailendra Jain, “A Novel Fivelevel Inverter
Based on Switched DC Sources”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON
INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, VOL. 61, NO. 7, pp. 3269-3278, JULY
2014.
VI. Krishna Kumar Gupta, AlekhRanjan, Pallavee Bhatnagar, Lalit Kumar
SahuSailendraJain, “Fivelevel inverter topologies with reduceddevicecount:
A review,” Power Electronics, IEEE Transaction on, vol. III, pp. 135-150,
Jan. 2015.
VII. M. Venkatesan, et al., “Comparative Study of Three Phase Grid Connected
Photovoltaic Inverter Using PI and Fuzzy Logic Controller with Switching
Losses Calculation,” International Journal of Power Electronics Drives
Systems, vol.7, pp. 543-550, 2016.
VIII. M. Venkatesan, etc al., “Transient and Steady State Analysis of Modified
Three Phase Fivelevel Inverter for Photovoltaic System,” International
Journal of Power Electronics and Drive System (IJPEDS) Vol. 8, No. 1, pp.
31~39, March 2017
IX. Maha G. Elsheikh, Mahrous E. Ahmed, Emad Abdelkarem, Mohamed Orabi,
“Single-phase Five-level inverter with less number of power elements,” 33rd
International Telecommunications Energy Conference, IEEE transaction on,
pp. 1-8, Oct 2011.
X. R. Naderi and A. Rahmati, “Phase-shifted carrier pwm technique for general
cascaded inverters,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 23, no. 3,
pp. 1257–1269, 2008.
XI. Sharma, Neelam. “Analysis of Lactate Dehydrogenase & ATPase activity in
fish, Gambusia affinis at different period of exposureto chlorpyrifos.”
International Journal 4.1 (2014): 98-100.
XII. Sung-Jun Park, Feel-Soon Kang, Man Hyung Lee, Cheul-U Kim, “A new
single-phase five-level PWM inverter employing a deadbeat control scheme,”
power electronics, IEEE transaction, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 831-843, May 2003.
XIII. V.G. Agelidis, D.M. Baker, W.B. Lawrance, C. V. Nayar, “A Fivelevel PWM
Inverter Topology for Photovoltaic Application,” Industrial Electronics, IEEE
transaction symposium on, vol. II, pp. 589-594. 1997.

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Abstract:

For the energy management application of a hybrid electric vehicle(HEV), an isolated DC-DC converter is used and its operation, design and control are discussed. With the help of phase-shift angle and the loading conditions, the different modes of operation and boundary conditions are acclaimed. The absolute as well as relative voltage ripple of output has been derived. The effect of dead-band and area of safe operation are found further. The output power and frequency of switching and leakage inductance relations are also disclosed.

Keywords:

energy management,DC-DC converter,voltage ripple,output power,frequency of switching,leakage inductance,

Refference:

I. BHATNAGAR M., BALIGA B.J.: ‘Comparison of 6H-SiC, 3C-SiC, and Si
for power devices’, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, 1993, 40, (3), pp. 645–655
II. CHIU H.J., LIN L.W.: ‘A bidirectional DC-DC converter for fuel cell electric
vehicle driving system’, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., 2006, 21, (4), pp. 950–
958
III. INOUE S., AKAGI H.: ‘A bi-directional isolated DC/DC converter as a core
circuit of the next-generation medium voltage power conversion system’,
IEEE Trans. Power Electron., 2007, 22, (2), pp. 535–542

IV. LI H., PENG F.Z., LAWLER J.S.: ‘A natural ZVS medium-power
bidirectional dc-dc converter with minimum number of device’, IEEE Trans.
Ind. Appl., 2003, 39, pp. 525–535
V. Mitra, Indranil, Gopa Roy Biswas, and Sutapa Biswas Majee. “Effect of
Filler Hydrophilicity on Superdisintegrant Performance and Release Kinetics
From Solid Dispersion Tablets of A Model BCS Class II Drug.” International
Journal 4.1 (2014): 87-92.
VI. PENG F.Z., LI H., SU G.J.: ‘A new ZVS bidirectional DC-DC converter for
fuel cell and battery application’, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., 2004, 19, (1),
pp. 54–65
VII. SU G.J., PENG F.Z.: ‘A low cost, triple-voltage bus DC/DC converter for
automotive applications’. APEC 2002, 17thAnnual IEEE Conf. Applied
Power Electronics, 2002, vol. 1, pp. 10–14
VIII. SU G.-J., TANG L.: ‘A bidirectional, triple-voltage DC-DC converter for
hybrid and fuel cell vehicle power systems’. APEC 2007, February 25–March
1 2007, pp. 1043–1049
IX. WALTER J., DE DONCKER R.W.: ‘High-power galvanicallyisolated dc-dc
converter topology for future automobiles’. PESC, 2003, June 2003, vol. 1,
pp. 27–32
X. WANG K., LIN C.Y., ZHU L., QU D., LEE F.C., LAI J.S.: ‘Bi-directional dc
to dc converters for fuel cell systems’, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., 1998,
13, pp. 47–51
XI. ZHU L.: ‘A novel soft-commutating isolated boost fullbridgeZVS-PWM DCDC
converter for bidirectional highpower application’, IEEE Trans. Power
Electron., 2006, 21, pp. 422–429

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Abstract:

RNS has the ability toperform subtraction, addition independently with carryfree propagation. The structure of RNS requires two types of conversion: Forward Conversion and Reverse Conversion. To convert binary to residues, forward conversion is used whereas to convert residues to binary reverse conversion is used. Special moduli set and arbitrary moduli set are the two types of forward conversions. (2n-1) mod adder is one the important block used to get the special moduli set type of forward conversion. This paper consists of mod (2n-1) adders for the forward conversion technique and comparison of designs at both Schematic level and RTL level. The schematic level designs provides low power than RTL design whereas the delay is reduced in RTL than Schematic design. The designs have been simulated for RTL using NC Launch - Encounter tool standard 90nm Technology.The designs have been simulated using CMOS 90nm virtuoso tool in cadence for schematic designs.

Keywords:

Residue Number System,Forward Conversion,Reverse Conversion,Modular adder,Multiplexer,

Refference:

I. A.Omondi, B. PremKumar, “Residue Number System: Theory and
Implementation”, Imperial College Press 2007, ISBN 978-1-86094-866-4.
II. B.Cao, C.H.Chang, T.Srikanthan, “A Residue-to-Binary Converter for a New
Five-Moduli Set”, IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems-I: Regular Papers,
2007, Vol. 54, pp.1041-1049. doi:10.1109/TCSI.2007.890623.
III. Hamed Naseri and Somayeh Timarchi, “low-power and fast full adder by
exploring New XOR and XNOR gates”,IEEE Transactions on very large
scale integration systems,Aug. 2018, Vol. 26, no. 8, pp.1481-1493.
doi:10.1109/TVLSI.2018.2820999.

IV. N. S. Szabo, R.I. Tanaka, “Residue Arithmetic and its applications to
computer technology”, New York: Mc-Graw Hill, 1967.
V. R. Zimmermann,“Efficient VLSI implementation of modulo addition and
multiplication”, in proc. of IEEE Symposium on Computer Arithmetic, Apr.
1999, pp. 158-167. doi:10.1109/ARITH.1999.762841.
VI. Sharma, Neelam. “Analysis of Lactate Dehydrogenase & ATPase activity in
fish, Gambusia affinis at different period of exposureto chlorpyrifos.”
International Journal 4.1 (2014): 98-100.
VII. S. Akhter, R. Gaurav, S. Khan “Analysis and Design of Residue Number
System Based Building Blocks”, in proc. of 5th International Conference on
signal processing and Integrated Networks, 2018, pp.441-
445.doi:10.1109/SPIN.2018.8474204.
VIII. S. J. Piestrak, “A High speed Realization of a residue to binary number
system converter”, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems-II: Analog
and Digital Signal Processing, 1995, Vol. 42, pp. 661-663.
doi:10.1109/82.471401.
IX. T. U. Narendra and et.al, “FPGA based efficient Architecture for conversion
of binary to residue number system”,inproc.of Information Technology,
Electronics and Mobile Communication conference, Oct 2017.
doi:10.1109/IEMCON.2017.8117238.

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Abstract:

This paper is mainly focus on the power quality issues that occur in the power system and how this can be reduced by using the more outputs from the SMPS. The theme of the paper is usage of different power electronics converter methods in the supply side and constant converter by using the transformer with high frequency(HFT). In order to improvement of the PQ and for the best monitoring purpose different control strategies like NN is used in the SISO and MOSMPS. Here we mainly focus on the SISO System to obtain best output under standards conditions. Isolated and non-isolated configuration for Boost converter and various models are proposed. These entire configurations are simulated and modelled by using the MATLAB under certain loaded conditions.

Keywords:

Power Factor Correction,PFC Converters,Power Factor,Total Harmonic Distortion,Switched Mode Power Supply SMPS,

Refference:

I. A.R.VijayBabu, Manoj Kumar.P, G.Srinivasa Rao, Design and Modelling of
Fuel cell powered Quadratic Boost Converter based Multilevel Inverter,
Proceeding of the IEEE International Conference on Innovations in Power
and Advanced Computing Technologies (i-PACT-2017), VIT University,
pp.1-6, April, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/IPACT.2017.8244962
II. B. Singh, B. N. Singh, A. Chandra, K. Al-Haddad, A. Pandey and D. P.
Kothari, ―A review of single-phase improved power quality AC-DC
converters‖, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, October 2003, Vol.
50, No. 5, pp. 962–981.
III. B. Singh, Sanjeev Singh, A. Chandra and K. Al-Haddad, ―Comprehensive
study of single-phase AC-DC power factor corrected converters with high
frequency isolation‖, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, November
2011, Vol. 7, No. 7, pp. 540–556.
IV. J. B. Williams, ―Design of feedback loop in unity power factor AC to DC
converter‖, in Proc. IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 1989,
pp. 959-967.
V. J. P. Noon, ―Designing high-power factor off-line power supplies‖, Unitrode
Design Seminar Manual, SEM-1500, Texas Instruments, 2003.
VI. Kavitha, M., et al. “Evaluation of Antimitotic Activity of
Mukiamaderaspatana L. Leaf Extract in Allium cepa Root Model.”
International Journal 4.1 (2014): 65-68.
VII. L. H. Dixon, ―Average current mode control of switching power supplies‖,
Unitrode Power Supply Design Seminar Manual, SEM-700, 1990.
VIII. L. H. Dixon, ―High power factor switching preregulator design
optimization‖, Unitrode Power Supply Design Seminar Manual, SEM-700,
1990.

IX. Limits for Harmonic Current Emissions (Equipment Input Current ≤ 16 A per
Phase), International Electro Technical Commission Standard, 61000-3-2,
2004.
X. M. J. Kosher and R. L. Steigerwald, ―An AC to DC converter with high
quality input waveforms‖, in Proc. IEEE Power Electronics Specialists
Conference, 1982, pp. 63- 75.k, 1987.
XI. M. O. Eissa, S. B. Leeb, G. C. Verghese and A. M. Stankovic, ―Fast
controller for a unity-power-factor PWM rectifier‖, IEEE Transactions on
Power Electronics, January 1996, Vol. 11, pp. 1-6.
XII. S. Buso, P. Mattavelli, L. Rossetto and G. Spiazzi, ―Simple digital control
improving dynamic performance of power factor preregulators‖, IEEE
Transactions on Power Electronics, September 1998, Vol. 13, pp. 814-823.

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Abstract:

Now a day’s people are becoming very smarter and trying to do any task in a simple way. To make the life simple and convenient many devices are available at present in the market. For example, in earlier days people can work hard for the things like getting water from a well but now whenever we switch ON the motor the water comes out of the well and we can store it where ever we want. Likewise there exist many technologies like vehicles, computers, smart phones etc… Among recent improved technologies, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) also known as drones in some applications has becoming very popular because of its use in aerial photography, surveillance purposes etc… Its features like easy accessibility and simple construction made them more popular. This paper discusses about the complete idea behind UFV (Unmanned Flying Vehicles) and its origin; construction, different parts, their selection and it’s working. It also discuss about various applications of UFV and their future scope in INDIA.

Keywords:

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV),Unmanned Flying Vehicles (UFV),DRONES,

Refference:

I. A “hand book of unmanned aerial vehicles” byKimon P. Valavanis.
II. Drones and Robots: On the Changing Practice of Warfare” by Daniel Statman
in The Oxford Handbook of Ethics and War @http://uavcoach.com/how-tofly-
a-quadcopter-guide/.
III. Hovering Over Opportunities, Managing risk with drones, and managing
drone risk. @http://www.zurichcanada.com/
IV. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle
V. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Been-there-drone-that-Pizzaair-
delivery-in-Mumbai/articleshow/35445623.cms
VI. http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/faa-approves-first-drone-delivery-service-amazonprime-
air-loses-race-medical-supply-firm-flirtey-1511175
VII. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/drones-history- where-did-name-dronecome-
from-when-fly-p%C3%A9rez-garc%C3%ADa
VIII. https://www.priv.gc.ca/information/researchrecherche/2013/drones_201303
IX. India’s Armed Drone Fleet” by SauravJha in The Diplomat.
@http://thediplomat.com
X. Julian Tan Kok Ping, Ang Eng Ling, Tan Jun Quan, Chua Yea Dat “Generic
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for Civilian Application” in 2012 IEEE
Conference on Sustainable Utilization and Development in Engineering and
Technology, Kuala Lumpur.
XI. Kavitha, M., et al. “Evaluation of Antimitotic Activity of Mukia
maderaspatana L. Leaf Extract in Allium cepa Root Model.” International
Journal 4.1 (2014): 65-68.
XII. R. Swaminathan, “Drones & India Exploring Policy and Regulatory
Challenges Posed by Civilian Unmanned Aerial Vehicle”. An ORF
occasional paper #58, Feb 2015.
XIII. RCMP Mini-Helicopter: “Manitoba Joins Growing List Of RC Chopper
Adopters” By Steve Lambert, The Canadian Pres
XIV. Sanjeev Miglani “India turns to Israel for armed drones as Pakistan, China
build fleets” in REUTERS on 22nd sep 2015.@ http://in.reuters.com

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Abstract:

Microgrid protection is one of the challenging tasks, now a day microgrids placed an important role. In general, some conventional protective devices (Circuit breaker and relays, etc.) are there for the protection of microgrids. These conventional protective devices having some drawbacks, they are during abnormal conditions continuity of supply is not possible and it permits up to three cycles of error currents into the network. To overcome that disadvantages Superconducting Fault Current Limiter (Resistive type) is used. Under standard conditions R-SFCL offers small resistance then it acted as a superconductor, under fault circumstances it offers more resistance then error currents are minimized. It allows only one cycle of fault current into the system and continuity of supply is possible.

Keywords:

Distributed generation (DG),Superconducting fault current limiters Resistive type (R-SFCL),Circuit breaker (CB),Phase locked loop (PLL),

Refference:

I. A. S. Emhemed, Singh R. N. K, and McDonald J. R, “Analysis of transient
stability enhancement of LVconnected induction microgenerators by using
resistive-type fault current limiters,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 25, no. 2,
pp. 885–893, May 2010.
II. B.W.Lee, Park. K. B and Oh. I. S,“Practical application issues of
superconducting fault current limiters for electric power systems,” IEEE
Trans. Sppl. Superconduct., vol. 18, p. 620, June. 2008.
III. Babu, T. Vandana, T. Satyanarayana Murthy, and B. Sivaiah. “Detecting
unusual customer consumption profiles in power distribution systems—
APSPDCL.” 2013 IEEE International Conference on Computational
Intelligence and Computing Research. IEEE, 2013.
IV. M. Noe and Steurer. M, “High temperature superconductor fault current
limiters: concepts, applications and development status,” Supercond. Sci.
Technol., vol. 20, no. 3, pp. R15–R29, Mar. 2007.
V. M. Uma Maheshwara Rao, Mercy Rosalina. K, “Microgrid protection by
using resistive type superconducting fault current limiter,” Modelling,
Measurement, and Control A, Vol. 91, no.2, June 2018,pp.89-93, June 2018.
VI. M. Uma Maheshwara Rao, Mercy Rosalina. K, “Modeling of a Micro-grid
Connected Hybrid System using Solar, Wind and Fuel cell”, Jour of Adv
Research in Dynamical & Control Systems, vol.10, pp.1908-1915, July 2018.

VII. M. Uma Maheshwara Rao, Mercy Rosalina. K, “Transient stability
improvement of Microgrid using Series Active Power Filters, ” IEEE Conf.
On Fifth International Conference on Electrical Energy Systems (ICEES), pp.
1- 4, 2019.
VIII. Mitra, Indranil, Gopa Roy Biswas, and Sutapa Biswas Majee. “Effect of
Filler Hydrophilicity on Superdisintegrant Performance and Release Kinetics
From Solid Dispersion Tablets of A Model BCS Class II Drug.” International
Journal 4.1 (2014): 87-92.
IX. M. Uma Maheshwara Rao, Mercy Rosalina. K, “Transient stability
improvement of Microgrids by using Resistive type SFCL and Series active
power filters,” European Journal of Electrical Engineering, Vol. 19, no.3-4,
June 2018,pp.181-195, 2017.
X. Pei and Smith. A. C, “Experimental Testing and Development of Improved
Modelling for Multistrand Resistive SFCL,” IEEE Transactions on Applied
Superconductivity, vol. 26, issue 4, 2016.
XI. Z. Kai-Hui and Ming-Chao. X, “Impacts of Microgrid on Protection of
Distribution Networks and Protection Strategy of Microgrid,” IEEE Conf. on
Advanced Power Sys. Automation and Protection, Vol. 1, pp.356-359, 2011.

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Abstract:

AC- DC or DC-DC converters are today entirely dominated by switched-mode power converters, SMPCs. The industry today, in the race of meeting customers’ demands, is looking at packaging more and more power in lesser and lesser volumes. Hence the power supply designers are always engaged in devising new topologies and techniques to achieve power densities efficiently. Soft switching is one such technique which aids the designers in finding a solution to increase power densities by raising the switching frequency. The present paper proposes the least complicated soft-switching technique in low power flyback converters. Flyback converter in the power range of 150W is taken as a study piece, and soft switching is demonstrated without adding any extra hardware and control overhead. The obtained results are compared with a hard switched CCM flyback converter. Practical working models are built, tested, and evaluated to display the efficacy of the proposed scheme.

Keywords:

Soft Switching,Flyback Converters,DCM,Hard Switching,low power,DC-DC Converter,

Refference:

I. Christophe Basso. “The Dark Side of Flyback converters ON
semiconductors” APEC seminar, 2011.
II. Guichao Hua and Fred C. Lee. “Soft-Switching Techniques in PWM
Converters” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 42, Issue 6,
pp. 595-603, December 1995.
III. KeithBillings, TaylorMorey. “Switching Power supply Design Handbook
Third edition ” Mc Graw Hill, 2009.
IV. Nagesh Vangala, Rayudu Mannam. “Transformer Design to Achieve Soft
Switching In Low Power Flyback Converters” IEEE 1st International
Conference on Power Electronics 2016, pp. 1-5, June 2016.
V. Ned Mohan, Tore M. Undeland and William P. Robbins. “Power Electronics
Converters, Applications, And Design THIRD EDITION” JOHN WILEY &
SONS, INC., 2003.
VI. SHAH, ASHISH P., et al. “INSILICO DRUG DESIGN AND
MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES OF SOME NATURAL PRODUCTS
AS TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITORS.” International Journal 5.1 (2017):
5.
VII. Shijie Chen et al. “A transformer assisted ZVS scheme for flyback
converter” Twentieth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference
and Exposition APEC 2005 V2, pp. 678-682, March 2005.

VIII. Sung-Soo Hong, Sang-Keun Ji et al. “Analysis and design of a high voltage
flyback converter with resonant elements” Journal of Power Electronics,
Vol. 10, Issue 2, pp. 107-114, March 2010.
IX. T.W. Ching and K.U. Chan. “Review of Soft-Switching Techniques for
High- Frequency Switched-Mode Power Converters” IEEE Vehicle Power
and Propulsion Conference (VPPC), Harbin, China, pp. 1-6, September
2008.
X. Tesla N. “Electrical Igniter for Gas Engines” US Patent No: 609250, Aug
1898.
XI. West Coast Magnetics. “Switchmode Power Supply Transformer Design”
www.wcmagnetics.com Downloaded, April 2019.
XII. Xiaoyang Zhang. “Zero Voltage Switching in Flyback Converters with
Variable Input Voltages” US Patent No: 2013/0148385, June 2013.

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Abstract:

The approach of symmetrical components of power flow analysis is the very salient technique to inspect the bus power flows in a 3-phase unbalanced and balanced power system network during the healthy or unhealthy case operation. There are various traditional programs available in the literature,which solve the single-phase equivalent power system models for power flow analysis. The main aim of this paper is to conduct a positive sequence power flow analysis on a balanced 3- phase IEEE 57 bus test case matlab Simulink model by using the Load Flow Tool. The present power system model consists of 7 thermal energy systems, each system configured with IEEE type-1 Excitation, Steam turbine, and Governor. The simulation study is useful for finding the bus voltages, active power losses and reactive power losses in the lines. However, there is an empirical analysis conducted with present results with the test case. There is a voltage improvement is observed at the buses with the present model. The efficiency of the model and convergence criteria perceive with the simulation results report. The simulink model is also useful for the steadystate analysis of power system network as well as the power flow analysis of the network with various grid connected renewable energy sources.

Keywords:

IEEE 57 bus,Load Flow tool,Power Flow,positive sequence,Simulink model,thermal energy systems,

Refference:

I. ARTURO LOSI, AND MARIO RUSSO, “OBJECT-ORIENTED LOAD FLOW FOR
RADIAL AND WEAKLY MESHED DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS,” IEEE
TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS, VOL. 18, NO. 4, PP 1265 – 1274, NOV.
2003.
II. FAISAL MUMTAZ, M. H. SYED, MOHAMED AL HOSANI, AND H. H.
ZEINELDIN, “A NOVEL APPROACH TO SOLVE POWER FLOW FOR
ISLANDED MICROGRIDS USING MODIFIED NEWTON RAPHSON
WITH DROOP CONTROL OF DG,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY, VOL. 7, NO. 2, PP 493 – 503, APRIL. 2016.
III. FEDERICO MILANO, “CONTINUOUS NEWTON’S METHOD FOR POWER FLOW
ANALYSIS,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS, VOL. 24, NO. 1, PP.
50–57, FEB. 2009.
IV. J. E. TATE AND T. J. OVERBYE, “A COMPARISON OF THE OPTIMAL
MULTIPLIER IN POLAR AND RECTANGULAR COORDINATES,” IEEE
TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS, VOL. 20, NO. 4, PP. 1667–1674, NOV.
2005.
V. J. FLUECK AND H. D. CHIANG, “SOLVING THE NONLINEAR POWER FLOW
EQUATIONS WITH AN INEXACT NEWTON METHOD USING GMRES,” IEEE
TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS, VOL. 13, NO. 2, PP. 267–273, MAY
1998.
VI. K. A. BIRT, J. J. GRAFFY, J. D. MCDONALD, AND A. H. EL-ABIAD, “THREE
PHASE LOAD FLOW PROGRAM,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER APPARATUS
AND SYSTEMS, VOL. 95, NO. 1, PP 59 – 65, FEB. 1976.
VII. L. M. C. BRAZ, C. A. CASTRO, AND C. A. F. MURARI, “A CRITICAL
EVALUATION OF STEP SIZE OPTIMIZATION BASED LOAD FLOW METHODS,”
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS, VOL. 15, NO. 1, PP. 202–207, FEB.
2000.

VIII. P. R. BIJWE AND S. M. KELAPURE, “NONDIVERGENT FAST POWER FLOW
METHODS,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS VOL. 18, NO. 2, PP.
633–638, MAY 2003.
IX. SEMLYEN, “FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF A KRYLOV SUBSPACE POWER
FLOW METHODOLOGY,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS, VOL. 11,
NO. 3, PP. 1528–1537, AUG. 1995.
X. SHARMA, NEELAM. “ANALYSIS OF LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE & ATPASE
ACTIVITY IN FISH, GAMBUSIA AFFINIS AT DIFFERENT PERIOD OF EXPOSURETO
CHLORPYRIFOS.” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 4.1 (2014): 98-100.
XI. T. J. OVERBYE AND R. P. KLUMP, “EFFECTIVE CALCULATION OF POWER
SYSTEM LOW-VOLTAGE SOLUTIONS,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER
SYSTEMS, VOL. 11, NO. 1, PP. 75–82, FEB. 1996.
XII. T. J. OVERBYE, “COMPUTATION OF A PRACTICAL METHOD TO RESTORE
POWER FLOW SOLVABILITY,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS,
VOL. 10, NO. 1, PP. 280–287, FEB. 1995.
XIII. Y. CHEN AND C. SHEN, “A JACOBIAN-FREE NEWTON-GMRES(M) METHOD
WITH ADAPTIVE PRECONDITIONER AND ITS APPLICATION FOR POWER FLOW
CALCULATIONS,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS, VOL. 21, NO. 3,
PP. 1096–1103, AUG.2006.

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Abstract:

Active Power factor corrected AC-DC converters in the power range of 500 watts and above are mostly accomplished in a two-stage process. The front end is non-isolated boost regulator working in CCM and the second stage is a DC-DC converter with isolation. This process is less efficient, complex and consumes more area. The front end PFC in CCM is a major source of EMI requiring heavy line filters to meet the international interface specifications. A novel single-stage AC-DC converter for the output power of 1KW is proposed here, which has many advantages such as Single active switch, completely soft switched and isolated. The new configuration is fabricated and tested for all the parameters. A near unity PF is achieved and the worst case efficiency is recorded to be 94%. All the test data are presented.

Keywords:

Power factor correction,soft switching,CCM,BCM control,Resonant reset,High power,

Refference:

I. Ching T.W. and K.U. Chan, Review of Soft-Switching Techniques for
High-Frequency Switched-Mode Power Converters, IEEE Vehicle
Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC), Sep 2008
II. Edward L. Owen. “A History of Harmonics in Power Systems” IEEE
Industry Applications Magazine, January 1998.
III. EPSMA. “Harmonic Current Emissions: Guidelines to the standard EN
61000-3-2” EUROPEAN POWER SUPPLY MANUFACTURERS
ASSOCIATION, April 2010.
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Abstract:

In the world, acute energy decreases so we are moving to alternative energy sources today. Solar energy is a vital source in the sultry country like India. The foremost obstacle for the entrance and reaches solar energy is their Inefficiency and high initial charge. Within this paper, we analyze the schematic to remove the most attainable solar energy from a solar panel and use it for Direct Current utilization. This paper reviews in detail the theory of MPPT which significantly improves the production from the astral system.

Keywords:

Photo voltaic system,P&O,Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT),

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