Journal Vol – 14 No -6, December 2019

Abstract:

Therefrigeration sector has great impact on world climate changes. The phase-out of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) often needs to make choices between high GWP alternatives and more planet-friendly alternatives. In this regard, performance of refrigeration systems in countries characterized by long, hot, summers face problems in identifying suitable alternatives due to the impact of such temperatures. This study stands for technical paper to conduct an experimental comparison for the use of R513A as a substitute for R134a. Energy analysis was performed to evaluate performance of both refrigerants. The research was implemented by a device that simulate an automobile (A/C) system unit capacity 3kW. effect of several variables were studied: ambient temperature was varied from 30oC to 50oC step by 4oC, and internal load was (700, 1000 and 1300)W, speed of compressor was 1450 r.p.m and 2900 r.p.m. The results showed that average value of COP of R513A was convergent with slightly higher than R134a by about 1%-2%, and average cooling capacity, mass flow rate were higher by about 1.6%-3%, 15%-17% respectively. The compression ratio and temperature of discharge were less than R134a by about4.6% - 6% and7.5%-8% respectively. So R513A could be considered as a good alternative for R134a without any modification on A/C system.

Keywords:

COP,Cooling capacity,automotive air conditioning,alternative refrigerant,R513A,

Refference:

I. Aljubury, I., Farhan, A. and Mussa, M. (2015) “Experimental Study of
Interior Temperature Distribution Inside Parked Automobile
Cabin”, Journal of Engineering, 21(3), pp. 1-10.
II. Aljubury, I. and Mohammed, M. (2019) “Heat Transfer Analysis of
Conventional Round Tube and Microchannel Condensers in Automotive
Air Conditioning System”, Journal of Engineering, 25(2), pp. 38-56. doi:
10.31026/j.eng.2019.02.03.
III. Carpenter, L.J., Reimann, S., Burkholder, J.B., Clerbaux, C., Hall, B.D.,
Hossaini, R., Laube, J.C., Yvon-Lewis, S.A., Engel, A., Montzka, S.A.

and Blake, D.R., 2014. Update on ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) and
other gases of interest to the Montreal protocol. Scientific assessment of
ozone depletion: 2014, pp.1-1.
IV. Dinçer, I. and Kanoǧlu, M., 2010. Refrigeration Systems and
Applications, Second Edition. secondedi ed. Refrigeration Systems and
Applications, Second Edition. United Kingdom.
V. Karber, K.M., Abdelaziz, O. and Vineyard, E.A., 2012, July. Experimental
performance of R-1234yf and R-1234ze as drop-in replacements for R-
134a in domestic refrigerators. In Proceedings of the International
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference (pp. 16-19). Purdue
University.
VI. Makhnatch, P., Mota-Babiloni, A., López-Belchí, A. and Khodabandeh,
R., 2019. R450A and R513A as lower GWP mixtures for high ambient
temperature countries: Experimental comparison with
R134a. Energy, 166, pp.223-235.
VII. Mota-Babiloni, A., Navarro-Esbrí, J., Barragán-Cervera, Á.,Molés, F. and
Peris, B., 2015. Analysis based on EU Regulation No 517/2014 of new
HFC/HFO mixtures as alternatives of high GWP refrigerants in
refrigeration and HVAC systems. International journal of
refrigeration, 52, pp.21-31.
VIII. Mota-Babiloni, A., Makhnatch, P., Khodabandeh, R. and Navarro-Esbri,
J., 2017. Experimental assessment of R134a and its lower GWP
alternative R513A. International Journal of Refrigeration, 74, pp.682-
688.
IX. Mota-Babiloni, A., Navarro-Esbrí, J., Pascual-Miralles, V., Barragán-
Cervera, Á. and Maiorino, A., 2019. Experimental influence of an internal
heat exchanger (IHX) using R513A and R134a in a vapor compression
system. Applied Thermal Engineering, 147, pp.482-491.
X. Mota-Babiloni, A., Belman-Flores, J.M., Makhnatch, P., Navarro-Esbrí, J.
and Barroso-Maldonado, J.M., 2018. Experimental exergy analysis of
R513A to replace R134a in a small capacity refrigeration
system. Energy, 162, pp.99-110.
XI. Rigby, M., Prinn, R.G., O’Doherty, S., Miller, B.R., Ivy, D., Mühle, J.,
Harth, C.M., Salameh, P.K., Arnold, T., Weiss, R.F. and Krummel, P.B.,
2014. Recent and future trends in synthetic greenhouse gas radiative
forcing. Geophysical Research Letters, 41(7), pp.2623-2630.
XII. Mota-Babiloni, A., Makhnatch, P., Khodabandeh, R. and Navarro-Esbri,
J., 2017. Experimental assessment of R134a and its lower GWP
alternative R513A. International Journal of Refrigeration, 74, pp.682-
688.

XIII. Mota-Babiloni, A., Navarro-Esbrí, J., Barragán-Cervera, Á.,Molés, F. and
Peris, B., 2015. Analysis based on EU Regulation No 517/2014 of new
HFC/HFO mixtures as alternatives of high GWP refrigerants in
refrigeration and HVAC systems. International journal of
refrigeration, 52, pp.21-31.
XIV. Mota-Babiloni, A., Navarro-Esbrí, J., Pascual-Miralles, V., Barragán-
Cervera, Á. and Maiorino, A., 2019. Experimental influence of an
internal heat exchanger (IHX) using R513A and R134a in a vapor
compression system. Applied Thermal Engineering, 147, pp.482-491.
XV. Reasor, P., Aute, V. and Radermacher, R., 2010. Refrigerant R1234yf
performance comparison investigation.
XVI. Schultz, K.S. Kujak, and J. Majurin., 2015. Assessment of next generation
refrigerant r513a to replace r134a for chiller products. Proc. 24th Int.
Congr. Refrig.
XVII. Velders, G.J., Fahey, D.W., Daniel, J.S., Andersen, S.O. and McFarland,
M., 2015. Future atmospheric abundances and climate forcings from
scenarios of global and regional hydrofluorocarbon (HFC)
emissions. Atmospheric Environment, 123, pp.200-209.
XVIII. Yang, M., Zhang, H., Meng, Z. and Qin, Y., 2019. Experimental study on
R1234yf/R134a mixture (R513A) as R134a replacement in a domestic
refrigerator. Applied Thermal Engineering, 146, pp.540-547.

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Abstract:

Transportation system in urban areas of Pakistan is facing issues of sustainability. Transportation sustainability challenges must be processed. The sustainable practices deployment is necessary solution to the increasing traffic. While effectiveness of these sustainable solutions mainly depends on the public awareness and their attitude towards them. This research is conducted to assess the sustainable transportation practices with the awareness level of citizens and how they think about them during their interaction to these solutions. The method of this research is selected as quantitative somehow mixed with the qualitative research. To assess the public attitude questionnaire was developed based on the indicators of the sustainable transportation practices. This questionnaire is spread among the resident of Lahore and Karachi city after evaluating their needs for better and sustainable transportation to overcome increasing urban development. The results show that people have overall positive attitude towards sustainable development.

Keywords:

Sustainable Transportation,Urban Transportation,Transportation System,Pakistan,

Refference:

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Transport.
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Abstract:

Background: The sudden occurrence of a disaster leads to considerably high impact on population’s health and on the capacity of health system to respond to the sudden surge of affected population. Emergency departments EDs play an important role in managing patients and providing high quality care in complex situations. Pre existing bottle necks in the emergency service delivery reduces the existing surge capacity of system and renders ED inefficient in providing timely and quality care to patients affected by the disaster. The understanding of patient flow by the hospital can improve the overall efficiency of operations on day to day basis and emergency response. Methodology: This was a cross sectional survey involving all the tertiary care hospitals of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. 910 patients were selected using non probability sampling and patient’s progress through ED was mapped and timed from the entry to discharge or admission. Results: Major bottle necks identified during process mapping were overcrowding and long waiting times. Median processing time from entry to disposition was 50mins (IQR 28-72). The median service time experienced by the patients during their treatment in the ED was 15 mins (IQR 15-28.75 min). Overall median waiting time for all processes through which patients passes during their visit to ED was 26 mins (IQR 14-40 mins). The patients who required diagnostic tests (lab, radiology, EG etc) had significantly higher (p=0.00) median waiting time 41 (IQR 32-51) mins. Conclusion: When process mapping is conducted properly, it proves to be a valuable tool for service improvement by identifying flaws in flow of patients, potential bottle necks and duplicate processes. Improving flaws in patient flow can improve patient waiting time which in turn can improve hospital’s existing surge capacity.

Keywords:

Patient Flow,Process Mapping,Emergency Department Waiting Times,Surge Capacity,

Refference:

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Abstract:

Plastic which is toxic in nature is found to be nearly 5% in Municipal Solid Waste (MSW).A major problem now a days is the disposal of plastic wastes. These wastes are non-biodegradable in nature causing environmental pollution and hygiene problems. The experimentation at several institutes indicated that waste plastic can be utilized in asphalting of roads. The use of these wastes in the road construction is based on Economic, Technical and Ecological criteria. Taking an example of PAKISTAN (Karachi) several million metric tons plastic wastes are produced every year. If these wastes can be suitably use in road construction, the disposal and pollution, problems can be minimized to a large extent. In road making process bitumen is used as a binder. The bitumen can be modified with plastic wastes forming a mix which can be used as a top layer of flexible pavement, showing better binding property, stability, density and which is more resistant to water. In this project we use waste plastic in bitumen by 0%, 3%, 5%, 8% and 10%. We conclude from all test results that with addition of plastic penetration and ductility value decreases while softening point, flash & fire point increases.

Keywords:

plastic wastes,binding property,road construction,Ecological criteria,

Refference:

I. Achairi, R. B. (2013). Literature Review: Conditions of Sustainable
Transport.
II. Akinyemi, E. a. (2000). Sustainable development and transportation: Past
experiences and Future Challenges. World Transport Policy & Practice.
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of Transport Geography, 8(2), 141-147.
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mobility and urbanism. IURD, Institute of Urban and Regional Development,
University of California.
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Abstract:

Sedimentation has become a major problem in all over the world and especially in Pakistan. Discharge capacity of the canal has been reduced and the chances of overflowing in critical situations have increased. Cleaning of the sediments from canal require huge resources and the silt obtained after cleaning the reservoir not only will be wasted but will also cause pollution. In order to prevent the pollution and reduce the cost on the cleaning the reservoir, the silt is needed to be used beneficially to generate some revenue. We conducted this project to use this silt beneficially, in our case to manufacture artificial aggregate. A number of tests were performed to check the viability of artificial aggregates for being used in construction industry. Shape and particles size distribution properties of artificial aggregates are excellent but in properties like abrasion resistance, water absorption and compression strength artificial aggregates does not performs very well. However from the results it can be concluded that these artificial aggregates can be used as artificial light weight aggregates.

Keywords:

Sedimentation,silt,artificial aggregate,natural aggregate,weight aggregate,

Refference:

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aggregate. Cement and concrete research, 35(4), pp.763-769.
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industrial, construction and demolition waste. Springer Science & Business
Media.

III. Meyer, C., 2008. Recycled materials in concrete. Developments in the
Formulation and Reinforcement of Concrete, pp.208-230.
IV. Christie, T., Thompson, B. and Brathwaite, B., 2001. Mineral commodity
report 22–aggregate. New Zealand mining, 30, pp.6-26.
V. Chang, F.C., Lee, M.Y., Lo, S.L. and Lin, J.D., 2010. Artificial aggregate
made from waste stone sludge and waste silt. Journal of environmental
management, 91(11), pp.2289-2294.
VI Chang, F.C., Lee, M.Y., Lo, S.L. and Lin, J.D., 2010. Artificial aggregate
made from waste stone sludge and waste silt. Journal of environmental
management, 91(11), pp.2289-2294.
VII Lampris, C., Lupo, R. and Cheeseman, C.R., 2009. Geopolymerisation of silt
generated from construction and demolition waste washing plants. Waste
Management, 29(1), pp.368-373.
VIII Chen, H.J., Yang, M.D., Tang, C.W. and Wang, S.Y., 2012. Producing
synthetic lightweight aggregates from reservoir sediments. Construction and
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and Sobolev, K., 2014. Artificial aggregates based on granulated reactive
silica powders. Advanced Powder Technology, 25(3), pp.1076-1081.

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Abstract:

Amongst various health and risk associated issues, Road safety is also now treated as a Public health problem as per the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO). This is so particularly due to a significant increase in the number of traffic injuries. Pakistan is adversely affected by the problem of fatalities. It is the common practice that issues of crash prevention is not given consideration in the context of strategic planning. The safety issues are only dependent on imbalanced Police data governing general cause over speeding which is surely not at all. The research focuses on the operational model for mega city Karachi. The idea is designed to emphasize the trends including severity in road crashes, victims, and major arterials. The idea integrates a connection between Engineering and Management with the help of an exemplary system and provision of suitable infrastructure. Different year’s data record is manipulated only to hit way forward actions that can be chosen for prevention. On the contrary, mathematical justification is provided to correlate the Trauma surveillance model as a guideline in recommendations. The overall balance of research is maintained on the basis of ground realities and data modeling.

Keywords:

Road Safety,Traffic,Pakistan,Management,Accidents,

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Abstract:

Electroplating and metal working industries discharges effluent that contains toxic heavy metals such ascopper (Cu(II)), nickel (Ni(II)) and zinc (Zn(II)) ions. Biosorption has been recognized as ahigh efficiency and low-cost alternative method that can be used to treat the industrial effluent for heavy metal removal. In this study , mature leaves of neem (Azadirachta indica) was used as the potential biosorbent to study its adsorption behavior of Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) ions from aqueous medium solution in single and multicomponent system. The biosorption experiment was carried out in a batch process at constant room temperature and initial heavy metal concentration. Optimal biosorbent dosage, pH and contact time for the biosorption process of the three metals were investigated. At optimal pH of 6 and biosorbent dosage of 0.2g, the maximum metal uptake for Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) were 34mg/g, 26mg/g and 37mg/g respectively. For single metal solutions, biosorption equilibrium data for Cu(II) and Zn(II) fit the Freundlich model, while Ni(II) fitted the Langmuir isotherm. In the multicomponent system, the Langmuir isotherm fitted well for the equilibrium data of mixed solution of Cu(II), Ni(II) andZn(II).

Keywords:

Biosorption,neem leaves powder,heavy metal removal,batch process,single system,multicomponent system,

Refference:

I. Akbari, M., Hallajisani, A., Keshtkar, A. R., Shahbeig, H., & Ali
Ghorbanian, S. (2015). Equilibrium and kinetic study and modeling of Cu(II)
and Co(II) synergistic biosorption from Cu(II)-Co(II) single and binary
mixtures on brown algae C. indica. Journal of Environmental Chemical
Engineering, 3(1), 140–149. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2014.11.004
II. Amirnia, S., Ray, M. B., & Margaritis, A. (2015). Heavy metals removal
from aqueous solutions using Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a novel
continuous bioreactor–biosorption system. Chemical Engineering Journal,
264, 863–872. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.12.016
III. Arshad, M., Zafar, M. N., Younis, S., & Nadeem, R. (2008). The use of
Neem biomass for the biosorption of zinc from aqueous solutions. Journal of
Hazardous Materials, 157(2-3), 534–540.
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.01.017
IV. Bharali,R.K.,&Bhattacharyya,K.G.(2015).BiosorptionoffluorideonNeem(Aza
dirachta indica) leaf powder. Journal of Environmental Chemical
Engineering, 3(2), 662–669.
V. Febriana, N., Lesmana, S. O., Soetaredjo, F. E., Sunarso, J., & Ismadji, S.
(2010). Neemleaf utilization for copper ions removal from aqueous solution.
Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 41(1), 111–
114.http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2009.04.003
VI. Khadivinia, E., Sharafi, H., Hadi, F., Zahiri, H. S., Modiri, S., Tohidi, A., …
Noghabi, K. A. (2014). Cadmium biosorption by a glyphosate-degrading
bacterium, a novel biosorbent isolated from pesticide-contaminated
agricultural soils. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 20(6),
4304–4310. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2014.01.037
VII. Khataee, a. R., Vafaei, F., & Jannatkhah, M. (2013). Biosorption of three
textile dyes from contaminated water by filamentous green algal Spirogyra
sp.: Kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic studies. International
Biodeterioration and Biodegradation, 83, 33–40.
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2013.04.004
VIII. Kim, S., Song, M., Wei, W., & Yun, Y. (2015). Selective biosorption
behavior of Escherichia coli biomass toward Pd (II) in Pt (IV) – Pd (II)
binary solution. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 283, 657–662.
http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.10.008

 

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Abstract:

Clustering is the procedure of arranging things into teams whose participants are similar in some way. A cluster is consequently a collection of things which are comparable between them and also are dissimilar to the objects coming from various other clusters. As numerous kinds of clustering and also requirements for homogeneity or separation are of passion, this is a huge area. A prolonged survey is offered from a mathematical programming perspective. Actions of a clustering research study, kinds of clustering and criteria are discussed. In this paper, we recommend an estimate technique for time collection based on mathematical models.

Keywords:

Clustering,,Mathematical models,cluster analysis,

Refference:

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Reduce On-Chip Communications and Computations Towards Reducing
Energy of the Processing” in “International Journal of Advanced Research
in Computer and Communication Engineering”, Volume 8, Issue 4, April
2019, [ISSN : 2278-1021]
II. Anusha Medavaka, “Identification of Security Threats and Proposed
Security Mechanisms for Wireless Sensor Networks” in “International
Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and
Information Technology”, Vol. 5, Issue No. 3, May-2019 [ISSN :
2456-3307]
III. Anusha Medavaka, “A REVIEW ONDISPLAYING KNOWLEDGE INTO
THE UNLIMITED WORLDVIEW OF BIGDATA” in “International
Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews”, Vol. 6, Issue No. 2,
May-2019 [ISSN : 2348 –1269 ]
IV. Srinivas, Monelli Ayyavaraiah, Shoban Babu Sriramoju, “A Review on
Security Threats and RealTime Applications towards Data Mining” in
“International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics”, Volume 118,
No. 24, 2018, ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version), url:
http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/
V. B. Srinivas, Shoban Babu Sriramoju, “A Secured Image Transmission
Technique Using Transformation Reversal” in “International Journal of
Scientific Research in Science and Technology”, Volume-4,
Issue-2, February-2018, 1388-1396 [ Print ISSN: 2395-6011 | Online
ISSN: 2395-602X]
VI. B. Srinivas, Gadde Ramesh, Shoban Babu Sriramoju, “A Study on Mining
Top Utility Itemsets In A Single Phase” in “International Journal for
Science and Advance Research in Technology (IJSART)”, Volume-4,
Issue-2, February-2018, 1692-1697, [ Online ISSN: 2395-1052]
VII. D. Kothandaraman and C. Chellappan, (2016), “Direction Detecting
System of Indoor Smartphone Users Using BLE in IoT”, Circuits and
Systems”, vol. 7,no.8, pp.1492-1503, IF-1. Citation-3.

VIII. D. Kothandaraman and C. Chellappan, (2016) “Human Movement
Tracking System with Smartphone Sensing and Bluetooth Low Energy in
Internet ofThings”, Asian Journal of Information Technology, 15(4): pp.
661-669.Indexed by: Scopus, IF: 0.121(API score-7 )
IX. D. Kothandaraman and C. Chellappan, (2017), “Human Activity Detection
System using Internet of Things”, International Journal on Computer
Scienceand Engineering, vol.9, no.11, pp.657-665. Indexed by: ICI.
X. Kim, Jung, Park, “Revenue maximizing item set construction for online
shopping services”, Industrial Management Data Systems, vol. 113, pp.
96-116, February 2013.
XI. Liu Fan, Sun Cai-xin, Si-ma Wen-xia, Liao Rui-jin, Guo Fei, Chaos control
of ferroresonance system based on RBF-maximum entropy clustering
algorithm, Physics Letters A, vol. 357, pp. 218-223, September 2006.
XII. Nose, K., Lotufo, A.D.P., Minussi, C.R.: Short-Term Multinodal Load
Forecasting Using a Modified General Regression Neu- ral Network. IEEE
Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 26 (4), pp. 2862–2869, (2011)
XIII. R. Vijaya Prakash, M. Shashikala, SSVN. Sarma, “Generating Nonredundant
Multilevel Association Rules Using Min-max Exact
Rules”,International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering
(IJECE),Volume 8, No. 6, December 2018, ISSN: 2088-8708,
DOI:10.11591/ijece.v8i6. pp.4568-4576, UGC Journal No.2928 (Scopus,
SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) 2018 0.38).
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of Statistics, vol. 40(5), pp. 2733–2763, (2012)
XV. Shoban Babu Sriramoju,Naveen Kumar Rangaraju,Dr .A. Govardhan, “An
improvement to the Role of theWireless Sensors in Internet of Things” in
“International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics”, Volume 118,
No. 24, 2018, ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version), url:
http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/
XVI. Zeng, Ziming, “An Integrated Approach for Developing Online
Recommender System for Retail Commodity Shopping in B2C
E-commerce”, Information-an International interdisciplinary Journal, vol.
15, pp. 3987- 3998, October 2012.
XVII. Zendehdel, Paim, “Perceived risk of security and privacy in online shopping:
A study of Malaysia context”, Life Science Journal-Acta Zhengzhou
University overseas Edition, vol. 9, pp. 983-987, April 2012.

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Abstract:

Advance payment is the important issue in inventory analysis. Due to advance payment another important issue is the capital money. The main aim of this paper is to introduce advance payment concept in the analysis of inventory problem. Annual demand has been considered to developed this model. Also, we have considered the product deteriorate constantly after the certain time period. Due to advance payment supplier may offer to his retailers’ instalment facility. However, purchasing amount must pay before received the lot size. Shortages are allowed partially with the constant backlogging rate. Due to the high nonlinearity of the corresponding optimization problem, we cannot able to find the closed form solution of the objective function. To overcome this difficulties, we have used LINGO 18 software for solving the proposed inventory problem. To validate the proposed model, one numerical examples have been solved. Finally, the effects of changes of different parameters have been studied graphically of the proposed model and a fruitful conclusion has been drawn.

Keywords:

EOQ,price dependent demand,advance payment,partial backlogged shortage.,

Refference:

I. Alfares, H.K., Ghaithan, A.M. Inventory and pricing model with pricedependent
demand, time-varying holding cost and quantity discounts.
Computers & Industrial Engineering, 94, 170-177 (2016).
II. Avinadav, T., Herbon, A., Spiegel, U.Optimal inventory policy for a
perishable item with demand function sensitive to price and time.
International Journal of Production Economics, 144(2), 497-506 (2013).
III. Bhunia, A.K., and Shaikh, A.A. A deterministic inventory model for
deteriorating items with selling price dependent demand and three parameter
Weibull distributed deterioration. International Journal of Industrial
Engineering Computations, 5(3), 497-510 (2014)
IV. Ghoreishi, M., Weber, G-W.,Mirzazadeh, A. An inventory model for noninstantaneous
deteriorating items with partial backlogging, permissible delay
in payments, inflation and selling price-dependent demand and customer
returns. Annals of Operations Research, 226(1), 221-238 (2015).
V. Gupta, R.K., Bhunia, A.K. and Goyal, S.K. An application of Genetic
Algorithm in solving an inventory model with advance payment and
interval-valued inventory costs. Mathematical and Computer
Modelling, Vol. 49, No.(5-6), pp.893-905. (2019).
VI. Jaggi, C.K., Tiwari, S.,Goel, S.K. Credit financing in economic ordering
policies for non-instantaneous deteriorating items with price dependent
demand and two storage facilities. Annals of Operations Research, 248(1-2),
253-280 (2017).
VII. Khan, M. A. A., Shaikh, A. A., Panda, G. C. &Konstantaras, I.Twowarehouse
inventory model for deteriorating items with partial backlogging
and advance payment scheme. RAIRO-Operations Research(In press)
(2018).
VIII. Li, R., Chan, Y.L., Chang, C.T. and Cárdenas-Barrón, L.E.Pricing and lotsizing
policies for perishable products with advance-cash-credit payments
by a discounted cash-flow analysis. International Journal of Production
Economics, Vol.193, pp.578-589 (2017)\IX. Maihami, R., Kamalabadi, I.N.Joint pricing and inventory control for noninstantaneous
deteriorating items with partial backlogging and time and
price dependent demand. International Journal of Production Economics,
136(1), 116-122. (2012).
X. Maiti, A.K., Maiti, M.K. and Maiti, M.An inventory model with stochastic
lead-time and price dependent demand incorporating advance
payment. Applied Mathematical Modelling, Vol. 33, No. 5, pp.2433-2443.
(2009).
XI. Pourmohammad Zia, Nadia & Taleizadh A. A. A lot-sizing model with
backordering under hybrid linked-to- order multiple advance payments and
delay payment. Transportation Research Part E: Logistic and Transportation
Review, 82(c), pp. 19-37 (2015).
XII. Sana S.S. Price-Sensitive demand for perishable items- an EOQ model.
Applied Mathematics and Computation, 217(13),6248-6259. (2011).
XIII. Shaikh, A. A., Das, S. C., Bhuina, A. K., Panda, G. C. & Khan, M. A. A. A
two-warehouse EOQ model with inter-valued inventory cost and advance
payment for deteriorating item under particle swarm optimization. Soft
Computing 23(24), 13531-13546 (2019).
XIV. Taleizadeh, A.A. An EOQ model with partial back ordering and advance
payments for an evaporating item. International Journal of Production
Economics, Vol. 155, pp.185-193. (2014).
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in a purchasing system with multiple prepayments. Applied Mathematical
Modelling, Vol. 38, No. 23, pp.5357-5366. (2014).
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disruption in supply under planned partial back ordering. International
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economic order quantity model with multiple partial prepayments and partial
back ordering. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, Vol. 57, No.(3-4),
pp.311-323 (2013).

XVIII. Thangam, A. Optimal price discounting and lot-sizing policies for perishable
items in a supply chain under the advance payment scheme and two-echelon
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pp.459-472 (2012).
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pp.5910-5921(2014).
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two-stage supply chain with advance payment for stable supply capacity.
International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 177, pp.34-43 (2016).

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Abstract:

The transformer-less single-phase five-level Photovoltaic (PV) inverter is presenting in this paper. The Photovoltaic (PV) module is connecting to the proposed topology with different values of irradiation and temperature. The modelling of the PV cell is also representing in this research activity. The output voltage of the PV is stepped up by using DC-DC Boost converterfurther operation of the topology. The sinusoidal PWM control technique is proposed for this topology. Two reference sinusoidal signals are comparing by the magnitude of the carrier triangular signal for the generation of PWM pulses to the switches. The operating states of the proposed topology are explaining in detail. With the reduced switch inverter topology, the switching, conduction losses are reducing. This proposed topology will be simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK to produce the output of five-levelwith the less number of switches.

Keywords:

PV Module,Boost DC-DC Converter,Sinusoidal PWM,five-level inverter.,

Refference:

I. A.R.VijayBabu, V.Rajyalakshmi, K.Suresh, Renewable Energy Integrated
High Gain DC-DC Converter with Multilevel Inverter for Water Pumping
Applications, Intetrnational Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and
Control Systems, Volume 9, Issue 1, PP. 172-190, 2017.
II. JeyrajSelvaraj and Nasrudin A. Rahim, “Multilevel Inverter For Grid-
Connected PV SystemEmploying Digital PI Controller”, IEEE Transactions
on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 56, No. 1, January 2009.
III. Kamran Zeb ,Imran Khan ,Waqar Uddin,Muhammad Adil Khan ,P.
Sathishkumar,TiagoDaviCuriBusarello,Iftikhar Ahmad andH. J. Kim, “A
Review on Recent Advances and Future Trends of Transformerless Inverter
Structures for Single-Phase Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems”,
Energies 2018, 11(8), 1968; https://doi.org/10.3390/en11081968.
IV. Krishna Kumar Gupta and Shailendra Jain, “A Novel Multilevel Inverter
Based onSwitched DC Sources”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial
Electronics, Vol. 61, No. 7, July 2014.
V. Kavitha, M., et al. “Evaluation of Antimitotic Activity of
Mukiamaderaspatana L. Leaf Extract in Allium cepa Root Model.”
International Journal 4.1 (2014): 65-68.
VI. M. Venkatesan , R. Rajeshwari , N. Deverajan , M.
Kaliyamoorthy,“Comparative Study of Three Phase Grid Connected
Photovoltaic Inverter Using PI and Fuzzy Logic Controller with Switching
Losses Calculation”,International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive
System (IJPEDS) Vol. 7, No. 2, June 2016, pp. 543~550 ISSN: 2088-8694
VII. Mahendra Lalwani, Mool Singh, “Conventional and Renewable Energy
Scenario of India: Present andFuture”, Canadian Journal on Electrical and
Electronics Engineering Vol. 1, No. 6, October 2010.
VIII. Md Noman Habib Khan, MojtabaForouzesh, Yam P. Siwakoti, Li Li,
TamasKerekes, and FredeBlaabjerg, “A Classification of Single-
PhaseTransformerless Inverter Topologies forPhotovoltaic Applications”,
2018 IEEE Region Ten Symposium (Tensymp).
IX. Monirul Islam, SaadMekhilef, Mahamudul Hasan, “Single phase
transformerless inverter topologies for grid-tied photovoltaic system: A
review”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 45 (2015) 69–86.

X. Sateesh Kumar Kuncham, Kirubakaran Annamalai, Subrahmanyam
Nallamothu, “A new structure of single‐phase two‐stage hybrid transformer
less multilevel PV inverter”, Int J Circ Theor Appl. 2018, John Wiley &
Sons, Ltd., DOI: 10.1002/cta.2580.
XI. Topology for Distributed Energy Resources”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON
POWER ELECTRONICS, VOL. 26, NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 2011.
XII. Yi-Hung Liao, Ching-Ming Lai, “Newly-Constructed Simplified Single-
Phase Multistring Multilevel Inverter
XIII. ZiyaÖzkan, Ahmet M. Hava, “Classification of Grid Connected
Transformerless PV Inverters with a Focus on the Leakage Current
Characteristics and Extension of Topology Families”, Journal of Power
Electronics, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 256-267, January 2015.

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Abstract:

A robust nonlinear control technique based on synergetic control theory is presented to extract maximum power of standalone photovoltaic system (SPV). The synergetic control makes the controlled system robust under the presence of system uncertainties and external disturbances such as variable irradiance and temperature. The designed control law guarantees the fast convergence towards the maximum power operating point origin without any oscillations. The PV system comprises of a PV source, power converter, maximum power point tracking algorithm and load. The simulations results show effectiveness of proposed method in comparison with Perturb and Observe (P&O) method under different atmospheric conditions such as variable solar radiation and PV cell temperature.

Keywords:

Synergetic control,Maximum power point,standalone PV system,

Refference:

I. A. A. Kolesnikov, “Synergetic Control Theory”, Energoatomiizdat, Moscow,
1994.
II. A. Sriharibabu and G. Srinivasa Rao, “DSPACE real time implementation of
maximum power point tracking method for photovoltaic system using neural
network”, Jol. of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems,
vol.10, no.9, pp. 2005-2010, 2018.
III. L.V S Kumar and G.V.N. Kumar, “Power conversion in renewable energy
systems: A review advances in wind and PV system “, International Journal
of Energy Research , vol. 41, no. 2, pp.182- 197, 2016.
IV. Mitra, Indranil, Gopa Roy Biswas, and Sutapa Biswas Majee. “Effect of
Filler Hydrophilicity on Superdisintegrant Performance and Release Kinetics
From Solid Dispersion Tablets of A Model BCS Class II Drug.” International
Journal 4.1 (2014): 87-92.
V. M. G. Villalva, J. R. Gazoli, and E. R. Filho, “Comprehensive approach to
modeling and simulation of photovoltaic arrays,” Power Electron., IEEE
Trans., vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 1198–1208, May 2009.
VI. M. Subba Rao, Dr. Ch.SaiBabu, and Dr.S.Satyanarayana, “1-phase Integrated
Buck- Boost PFC LED Driver ” in the Jol. of Advanced Research in
Dynamical and Control Systems, vol. 9, no.1, pp. 283-292, Oct 2017.
VII. Maheswararao, Ch Uma, YS Kishore Babu, and K. Amaresh. “Sliding mode
speed control of a DC motor.” 2011 International Conference on
Communication Systems and Network Technologies. IEEE, 2011.
VIII. Sukumar, Durga, JayachandranathJithendranath, and Suman Saranu. “Threelevel
inverter-fed induction motor drive performance improvement with
neuro-fuzzy space vector modulation.” Electric Power Components and
Systems 42.15 (2014): 1633-1646.
IX. Yadlapalli, Ravindranath Tagore, and Anuradha Kotapati. “A fast-response
sliding-mode controller for quadratic buck converter.” International Journal
of Power Electronics 6.2 (2014): 103-130.

 

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Abstract:

This paper shows the exhibiting and examination of trouble and watch (P and O) figuring for isolating the power structure photovoltaic group (PVA). In perspective on non-straight characteristics of PV cell, the best power can be remove under one explicit voltage conditions. In this way, most outrageous power point following (MPPT) computations is used in PVA to extend the yield control. In this paper the MPPT computations is executed using DC-DC bolster converter (adventure up converter) sustaining a resistive weight. The component of PVA is reproduced at different sun situated irradiance and cell temperature.

Keywords:

Photo Voltaic Array (PVA),,most extreme Power Point Tracking (MPPT),DC-DC Boost Converter,

Refference:

I. A. Naveen Reddy,; “ Performance and Improvement of Induction Motor by
Using Multilevel Inverter” IJCTA, 9(10), 2016, pp. 4211-4219 International
Science Press.
II. A.R.VijayBabu, V.Rajyalakshmi, K.Suresh, Renewable Energy Integrated
High Gain DC-DC Converter with Multilevel Inverter for Water Pumping
Applications, Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control
Systems, Volume 9, Issue 1, PP. 172-190, 2017.
III. H.F. Abdul Wahab and H. Sanusi, “ Simulink Model of Direct torque control
of induction machine,” American Journal of Applied Sciences 5 (8): 1083-
1090, 2008, ISSN 1546-923, 2008 Science Publications.
IV. Maheswararao, Ch Uma, YS Kishore Babu, and K. Amaresh. “Sliding mode
speed control of a DC motor.” 2011 International Conference on
Communication Systems and Network Technologies. IEEE, 2011.
V. Mohan Reddy K.; Naveen Reddy A.; “ Solar PV Array Fed Four Switch
Buck-Boost Converter for LHB Coach,” IJCTA, 9(29), 2016, pp. 249-255
International Science press.
VI. P. Satya Prakash,; Srikanth Gollapudi,; Alla Naveen Reddy,; K. Bala
Krishna,; “ Design and Implementation of Modified Septic Converter for
Battery Charging Application” Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical
and control systems vol. 9. (2017).PP.100-109.
VII. Sharma, Neelam. “Analysis of Lactate Dehydrogenase & ATPase activity in
fish, Gambusia affinis at different period of exposureto chlorpyrifos.”
International Journal 4.1 (2014): 98-100.
VIII. Sukumar, Durga, JayachandranathJithendranath, and Suman Saranu. “Threelevel
inverter-fed induction motor drive performance improvement with
neuro-fuzzy space vector modulation.” Electric Power Components and
Systems 42.15 (2014): 1633-1646.
IX. Toh, C.L.; Idris, N.R.N.;Yatim, A.H,M., “Torque ripple reduction in direct
torque control of induction motor drives,” power engineering conference,
2003, PECon 2003 Proceedings. National 15-16 Dec. 2003.

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Abstract:

In the present day with growing technology the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) designed have limitless applications. These days UAVs are widely used in military operations, surveillance purposes and in Industries because of their reliability, size, cost effectiveness and multi-functionality. The number of automobiles is increasing by leaps and bounds. This is creating traffic congestion and increased pollution levels. UAVs are being developed keeping in mind all these aspects. An UAV can move from one place to another effortlessly. It can cover more distance in less time than conventional modes. This paper discusses on the Design and Assembling of an UAV for Defence Applications. UAVs can be used for reconnaissance and collecting data. UAVs can be controlled manually or automatically with encryption of the map-coordinates for added security. Features like Obstacle avoiding, GPS and Pick and Drop finds application in UAVs.

Keywords:

Flight Controller,Arduino,Electronic speed controller,BLDC Motors, Servo Motor,

Refference:

I. Engel, J. Sturm, D. Cremers, “Camera-based navigation of low
cost quadcopter”, IEEE /RSJ International Conference on
Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), pp. 2815-2821, Oct.
2012, ISBN 2153-0858.
II. Valvano, “Embedded Micro Computer Systems: Real Time
Interfacing”, Brooks-Cole, 2000, ISBN 0534366422.

III. Sajid Shaikh, RiteshVarpe, Vaibhav Adhalage, Akshay Virade
“Design and Development of a Quadrotor – A Didactic
Approach”, International Research Journal of Engineering and
Technology (IIRJET), Volume 04 Issue 07.
IV. Sandeep Khajure, Vaibhav Surwade, Vivek Badak, “Quadcopter
Design and Fabrication,” International Advance Research Journal
in Science, Engineering and Technology (IARJSET), Vol. 3,
Issue 2, February 2016.
V. SHAH, ASHISH P., et al. “INSILICO DRUG DESIGN AND
MOLECULAR DOCKING STUDIES OF SOME NATURAL
PRODUCTS AS TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITORS.”
International Journal 5.1 (2017): 5.
VI. Vibha Kishor and Swati Singh, “Design and Development of
Arduino Uno Based Quadcopter,” in International Journal of
Engineering and Manufacturing Science ISSN 2249-3115 Vol. 7,
No. 1 (2017).

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Abstract:

This paper investigates redundancy and observability constrained Sequential Quadratic (SQ) technique for optimal Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) placement. The nonlinear constraints of buses are considered with this approach to optimize the quadratic objective for PMU placement. Zero Injection (ZI) bus constraints are modeled in quadratic formulation to less PMU locations. PMU placement with and without ZI constraints are compared to illustrate the importance of ZI constraint modeling for PMU placement. Redundancy in network is estimated with number of branches connected to bus. Redundancy of bus network is measured by the proposed Bus Redundancy Index (BRI). To estimate observability performance of the complete network, a Complete System Bus Observability Index (CSBOI) is proposed. IEEE- 14,30, and 57 bus systems are simulated with the proposed constrained SQ Programming formulation in MATLAB. The comparison of planned way with conventional methods is also considered to show its efficacy

Keywords:

Branches,Observability,Phasor Measurement Units,Redundancy,Sequential Quadratic Programming(SQP),Zero Injection buses,

Refference:

I. A. G. Phadke and J. S. Thorp, Synchronized phasor measurements and their
applications, vol. 1. New York, NY: Springer, 2008.
II. A. Abur, and A.G. Exposito, Power system state estimation: theory and
implementation. CRC press, 2004.
III. A. Almunif, and L.Fan, “Mixed Integer Linear Programming and Nonlinear
Programming for Optimal PMU Placement,” Power Symposium (NAPS),
North America, IEEE conference 2017.
IV. A.P.Singh, B.Nagu, N.V.Phanedra babu,and R.V. Jain, “Minimum
connectivity based technique for PMU placement in power systems,” 2017
8th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking
Technologies (ICCCNT). IEEE, 2017.
V. B.Gou. “Optimal placement of PMUs by integer linear programming,” IEEE
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Abstract:

This paper investigates the negative sequence current injection method for balancing the capacitor voltage in cascaded H--bridge D-STATCOM (MMCC-SSBC). Though the cascaded H -bridge D-STATCOM has the advantage of having less number of circuit components compared to Diode clamped and flying capacitor clamped D-STATCOM but the capacitor voltage balancing between the phase clusters is a main issue. Considering this problem the negative sequence current injection method is investigated under normal working condition of D-STATCOM as well as under large unbalance in the supply voltage. The performance of this technique is investigated by using MATLAB-SIMULINK modeling.

Keywords:

D-STATCOM,Capacitor balancing,Multi-level converter,Cascaded Hbridge multilevel converter,

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