Journal Vol – 14 No -4, August 2019

Abstract:

In VLSI, while we pass into a sub-micron stage, power dissipation and propagation delay problems occur mainly due to the interconnect parasitic. This motivates the designing of low power interconnects with less propagation delay. This work analyzed the crosstalk induce delay of on-chip interconnects such as copper, SWCNT, and MWCNT with resistive, CMOS and CNTFETdrivers to improve the performance metrics.A two-line driver-interconnect-load (DIL) system is used to analyze the crosstalk induced delay for different interconnect lengths by calculating the equivalent R, L and C parameters of copper and CNT based interconnects. From the simulations, it has been observed that MWCNT interconnects given better performance than conventional copper and SWCNT interconnects when driving through CNTFET driver in terms of power and delay. It is almost given more than 50% lesser delay and power consumption in comparison with others. Additionally, we have performed the crosstalk peak voltage analysis for different interconnect lengths and it is evident that crosstalk can be reduced by changing the coupling and load capacitances. Moreover the MWCNTs have given a 55% lesser noise peaks than the conventional copper interconnects.

Keywords:

Carbon nanotube FETs (CNFETs),CMOS,Single walled carbon nantube (SWCNT),Multi walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT),interconnects,

Refference:

I. C. J. Alpert and A. Devgan. “Wire segmenting for improved buffer
insertion”. In Proc. ACM/IEEE DAC, pages588-593, 1997.
II. C. J. Alpert, G. Gandham, J. Hu, J. L. Neves, S. T. Quay, and S. S.
Sapatnekar. “A Steiner tree construction for buffers, blockages, and bays.”
IEEE Tran. On CAD, 20(4):556-562, April 2001.
III. C.Venkataiah, K. Satya Prasad, T. Jaya Chandra Prasad “Effect of
Interconnect parasitic variations on circuit performance parameters” IEEE
International conference on communication and electronics systems(ICCES),
Coimbatore, India, October, 2016.
IV. C.Venkataiah, K. Satyaprasad, T. Jayachandra Prasad, “Insertion of optimal
number of repeaters in pipelined nano interconnects for transient delay
minimization”, Circuit systems and signal processing, June, 2018. DOI:
10.1007/s00034-018-0876-7.
V. C.Venkataiah, K. Satyaprasad, T. Jayachandra Prasad, “Signal integrity
analysis for coupled SWCNT interconnects using stable recursive algorithm”,
Microelectronics Journal, volume. 74, pp. 13-23, 2018.
VI. C.Venkataiah, M.Tejaswi “A Comparative Study of Interconnect Circuit
Techniques for Energy Efficient on-Chip Interconnects” International Journal
of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 109 – No. 4, January 2015.
VII. C.Venkataiah, K. Satyaprasad, T. Jayachandra Prasad, “Crosstalk
induced performance analysis of single walled carbon nanotube
interconnects using stable finite difference time domain model”,
Journal of nanoelectronics and optoelectronics. Vol. 12, pp. 1-10,
2017.
VIII. Cory D. Cress, “Carbon Nanoelectronics” Electronics 2014, 3, 22-
25,2014,doi:10.3390/electronics3010022
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transistors including non-idealities and its application—Part I: model
of the intrinsic channel region. IEEE Trans Electron Devices, 2007, 54(12):
3186
X. H. Li, C. Xu, N. Srivastava, and K. Banerjee, “Carbon Nanomaterials for
Next-Generation Interconnects and Passives: Physics, Status and Prospects,”
IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. 56, no. 9, pp. 1799-1821, Sep. 2009.
XI. JunjiHaruyama, “Graphene and GrapheneNanomeshSpintronics” Electronics,
2, 368-386, 2013, doi:10.3390/electronics2040368
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Manhas “Analysis of MWCNT and Bundled SWCNT Interconnects: Impact
on Crosstalk and Area”, Electron Device Letters, IEEE, 2012.
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interconnects for Giga scale integration (GSI)”, Electron Device Letters, vol.
26, No. 2, pp. 84-86, 2005.
XIV. Nasser Masoumi, Ying-Yu, Asymmetric Gate Schottky-Barrier
GrapheneNanoribbon FETs for Low-Power Design MortezaGholipour, IEEE
Transactions on Electron Devices, Vol. 61, No. 12, December 2014.

XV. R. Dhiman and R. Chandel. “Delay analysis of buffer inserted sub threshold
interconnects” Analog IntegrCirc Sig Process, Springer, DOI:
10.1007/s10470-016-0860-8, Sep, 2016.
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VLSI circuits, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Microelectronics
International, 2005.
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ballistic carbon nanotube field-effect transistors. IEEE Trans Comput Aided
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(Analysis and Design)”, 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill 2013.
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approach to Buffer Insertion for Delay and Power eduction in VLSI
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April 2000.

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Abstract:

In this paper, an enhancement to the beam deflection problem is performed through the substitution of 𝑞(𝑥)by 1/x⁴, this substitution is performed to reduce the beam load intensity, also the enhanced beam deflection problem is solved using two new transforms, which are complex AL-Tememe and AL-Tememetransforms. the results (solutions) from complex AL-Tememe and AL-Tememe transforms are compares to each other, both transforms have the ability to solve the enhanced problem of the beam deflection.

Keywords:

Complex AL-Tememe transform,AL-Tememe transform,deflection of the beam,differential equations,famous function,Inverse of AL-Tememe transform,Inverse of complex AL-Tememe transform,uniform distributed load,

Refference:

I. A. S., Hadi, M A. H. Mohammed, Z. M. Hussain. On Al-Temem Transform and
Solving Some Kind of Ordinary Differential Equations with Initial Conditions
and Without it and Some Applications in Another Sciences. A thesis of MSc.
submitted to council of University of Kufa, Faculty of Education for girls. 2015.

II. Ali Hassan Mohammed, AlaaSalehHadi, Hassan NademRasoul, “Integration of
the Al-Tememe Transformation To find the Inverse of Transformation and
Solving Some LODEs With (I.C)”. Journal of AL-Qadisiyah for computer
science and mathematics, Volume 9, Issue 2, 2017; Pages 88-93.
III. Ali Hassan Mohammed, Ayman Mohammed Hassan, “Using AL-Tememe
Transform to Solve System of Linear Second Order Ordinary Differential
Equations with Variable Coefficients”, Journal of Kerbala University, Volume
15, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 30-35.
IV. Bedford, A. and Liechti, K.M., Mechanics of Materials, Prentice Hall, Upper
Saddle River, NJ, 2000.
V. Elaf Sabah Abbas, EmadKuffi, Sarah FalehMaktoof Al Khozai, Solving an
improved heat transmission measuring equation using partial differential
equations with variable coefficients, International Journal of Engineering &
Technology, Volume 7, Issue 4, 2018, pages 5258-5260.
VI. Gere, J.M., Mechanics of Materials, 6th Edition, Brooks/Cole-Thomson
Learning, Belmont, CA, 2004.
VII. Hibbeler, R.C., Mechanics of Materials, 5th Edition, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle
River, NJ, 2003.
VIII. James M. Gere, Barry J. Goodno, Mechanics of Materials, 7th edition, Cengage
Learning: Canada.
IX. M. Prajapati. Laplace Transform and its Applications, first edition. 2016.
X. S. F. Maktoof, A.H. Mohammed, Integral Transform for Solving Some Kinds of
Differential Equations. A thesis of MSc. submitted to council of University of
Kufa, Faculty of Education for girls. 2018.
XI. S.S. Rattan, strength of Materials, 2nd edition, Tata McGraw Hill: New Delhi,
2011.

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Abstract:

An extension Al-Zughair transform is a new integral transform that is recently emerged , as a result be its modernity , it has not exploited property in many applications . In this paper the first order ordinary differential equation of radioactive decay equation has been solved using an extension Al- Zughair integral transform .

Keywords:

An extension Al-Zughair transform,ordinary differential equation nuclear physics,radioactive decay,

Refference:

I. A.H. Mohammed , A.Q. Majde , “An extension of Al-ZughairIntegral
Transform for Solving some LODE” , Jour. of Adv. Research in Dynamical
and control system , Vol. 11 , No. 5 ,(2019).
II. Kenneth S. Krance ,“IntroductoryNuclear physics”, John Wiley and sons ,
(1988).
III. L.S.Sowant , “Applications of Laplace transform in Engineering Fields”
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology , Volume (5) ,
Issue (5) , (2018).

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Abstract:

In the present paper a special lacunary interpolation problem is solved in which function value, first derivatives and fourth derivatives are prescribed at nodes of the unit interval I = [0, 1]. A special spline function is obtained for it. Then the theorem of unique existence and convergence for this spline function are proved. In our next communication we will show that this special function can be used to solve Cauchy’s Initial value problem.

Keywords:

Cauchy Initial Value Problem,Lacunary Interpolation,Spline function,

Refference:

I Ambrish Kumar Pandey,Q S Ahmad,Kulbhushan Singh, “Lacunary
Interpolation (0,2;3) Problem and Some Comparison from Quartic Splines”,
American J. of App. Math. and Statistics, 2013, Vol. 1, No. 6, 117-120.
II Fawzy, T.,Spline functions and the Cauchy’s problem II, Acta Math. Hung. 29
(3-4) 1977,259-271.
III Gyorvari,.J., Lakunare spline funktionun das Cauchy problem, Acta Math
Hung., 44 (3-4). 1984, 327-335.
IV K. B. Singh, Ambrish Kumar Pandey and Qazi Shoeb Ahmad,“Solution of a
Birkhoff Interpolation Problem by a Special Spline Function”, International J.
of Comp. App., Vol.48, 22-27,June 2012.

V Loscalzo, F.R. and Talbot, T. D., Spline and approximation for solutions of
ordinary differential equations, SIAM J. Numer. Anal. Vol. 4, 1967, 433-445.
VI Micula, Gh., Approximate solution of the differential equation y” (x) = f(x,y)
with spline functions, Math. ofcomput. 27 (1973), 807-816.
VII Sallam, S. and Hussain, M. A.,deficient spline for approximation to second
order differential equations, Appl. Math Modeling, Vol.8, 1984, 408-412.

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Abstract:

Extensions of number of well-known special function such as Beta and Gauss hypergeometric and their properties have been investigated recently by several authors. Our approach is based on the use of Generalized Fractional Calculus (GFC) operators. We aim to investigate the MSM (Marichev-Saigo-Maeda) fractional calculus operator, Caputo-type MSM-fractional differential operator and pathway fractional integral operator of the extended generalized Gauss hypergeometric function. Furthermore, by employing some integral transform on the resulting formulas, we presented some more image formulas. All the results derived here are of general character and can yield a number of (known and new) results in theory of special functions.

Keywords:

Gamma function,Extended generalized beta functions,Generalized hypergeometric functions,Extended generalized hypergeometric functions,Fractional integral operators,Integral transforms,Pathway fractional integral operator,

Refference:

I. A.A.Kilbas, H.M. Srivastava and J.J.Trujillo, “Theory and Applications of
Fractional Differential Equations”, Elsevier, North-Holland Mathematics
Studies 204,Amsterdam, London, NewYork, Tokyo, 2006
II. A.A.Kilbas and N.Sabastian, “Generalized fractional integration of Bessel
function of the first kind”, Integral Transforms special function, Vol. 19, pp.
869-883, 2008
III. A.M. Mathai, “A pathway to matrix-variate gamma and normal densities”,
Linear Algebra and its Application, Vol. 396, pp. 317-328, 2005
IV. A.M.Mathai and H.J.Haubold, “On generalized distributions and pathways”,
Physics & Letters, Vol.372,Issue 12, pp. 2109-2113, 2008
V. A.M. Mathai and H.J. Haubold, “Pathway model, superstatistics” , Tsallis
statistic and a generalized measure of entropy, physica A: Statistical
Mechanics and Its Applications, Vol.375 Issue 1,pp. 110-122, 2007
VI. A. Rao, M.Garg and S.L.Kalla, “Caputo-type fractional derivative of a
hypergeomatric integral operator” , In Kuwait J. Sci. Eng., Vol.37.1A, pp.
15-29, 2010
VII. D.M. Lee, A.K. Rathie, R.K. Parmar and Y.S. Kim, “Generalization of
extended beta function, hypergeomatric and confluent hypergeomatric
functions”, Honam math.J., Vol.33, Issue 2, pp. 187-196, 2011
VIII. E.D.Raiville, “Special functions” Macmillan Company, New York. 1960;
Reprinted by Chelsea Publishing Company, Bronx, New York, 1971

IX. E. ̈ zergin, “Some properties of hypergeometric functions”, Ph.D Thesis,
Eastern Mediterranean University, North Cyprus, February 2011
X. E. ̈ zergin, M.A. ̈ zarslan and A. Altin, “Extension of gamma, beta and
hypergeometric functions”, J.Comput. Appl. Math., Vol. 235, pp.4601-4616,
2011
XI. E.T.Wittaker and G.N. Watson, “A Course of Modern Analysis, Cambridge”,
Cambridge Univ.Press: 1962
XII. H.M.Srivastava and J.Choi, “Zeta and q-Zeta function and associated series
and integrals”, Elsevier science Publishers, Amsterdam, London and New
York, 2012
XIII. H.M. Srivastava and R.K. Saxena, “Operators of fractional integration and
their applications”, Appl. Math. Comput. Vol. 118,pp.1-52, 2001
XIV. H.M. Srivastava, R.K. Parmar and P.Chopra, “A class of extended fractional
derivative operators and associated generating relations involving
hypergeometric functions”, Axioms I, pp.238-258, 2012
XV. I.N. Sneddon, “The Use of Integral Transforms”, Tata McGraw Hill, New
Delhi, 1979
XVI. J.Choi, P. Agarwal and S.Jain, “Certain fractional integral operators and
extended generalized Gauss hypergeomatric functions”, KYUNPOOK
Math.J.,Vol.55, pp. 695-703, 2015
XVII. K.K. Katraia, P. Vellaisamy, “The generalized k-Wright function and
Marichev-Saigo-Maeda fractional operators” (17 Aug 2014),
arXiv:1408.4762v1 [Math.CA]
XVIII. K.S. Nisar, A.F.Eata , M.A.Dhaifallah and J.Choi, “Fractional calculus of
generalized k-Mittag-Leffler function and its applications to statistical
distribution Advance in Difference Equation”, DoI: 10.1186/s 13662-016-
1029-6, pp.1-17, 2016
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differential equations”, Wiley, New York 1993
XX. K.S.Nisar and S.R.Mondal, “Marichev-Saigo-Maeda fractional integral
operator and generalized Mittag-Leffer function”, Thai J.Math. 2016
XXI. M.A.Chaudhry, A.Qadir, M. Rafique and S.M. Zubair, “Extension of Euler’s
beta function”, J. Comput.Appl. Math., Vol. 78, pp. 19-32, 1997
XXII. M.A.Chaudhry ,A.Qadir , H.M.Srivastava and R.B.Paris, “Extended
hypergeomatric and confluent hypergeomatric function” , Appl.
Math.Comput, Vol. 159, pp. 589-602, 2004

XXIII. M.Saigo and N.Maeda, “More generalization of fractional calculus, in
transform methods and special function”, Vol. 96, 1998. Bulgarian Academy
of Sciences, Bulgaria, pp. 386-400
XXIV. O.L. Marichev, “Volterra equation of mellin convolution type with a horn
function in the kernel”, Izvestiya Akademii Nauk BSSR, Seriya Fiziko-
Mathematicheskikh Nauk, Vol.1,pp.128-129, 1974
XXV. P. Agarwal, G.V. Milovanovic and K.S. Nisar, “A fractional integral
operators involving the Mittag-Leffler type function with four parameters”,
FACTA UNIVERSITATITS, Ser.Math. Inform. Vol. 30, Issue5, pp. 597-
605, 2015
XXVI. R.K. Saxena and M.Saigo, “Generalized fractional calculus of the H-function
associated with the Appell function F3”, J. Fract. Calc., Vol.19, pp. 89-104,
2001
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operators and generalized Bessel functions”, Math, Probl. Eng.2014, Article
ID 274093, 1996
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Applied Analysis, Vol. 12, Issue 3, pp. 237-25, 2009
XXIX. V.Kiryakova, “All the special functions are fractional differintergrals of
elementary functions”, J. Phys. A, Math .Gen. Vol. 14, Issue 30, pp. 5085-
5103, 1997

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Abstract:

Local binary patterns (LBP) is a very powerful texture feature of an image. Many variants of LBP models are available and almost all of the derived models are based on the idea to calculate the difference of each central pixel in the 3×3 neighborhood matrix. Based on this difference is positive or negative, we replace neighborhood pixel intensity with 1 or 0 respectively and then convert obtained 0 and 1 pattern into a decimal value. In this paper, we propose modification of this idea, instead of using local binary pattern, local octal and local hexadecimal pattern is used. Local octal pattern (LOP) and the local hexadecimal pattern(LHP) is further tested on two different datasets of 100 images each of sizes 150 x 150 and the obtained results are compared with the state-of-art local binary pattern. For similarity measure, Euclidian distance and Manhattan distance is used. Results show that local octal pattern is superior over local hexadecimal pattern and the local binary pattern is superior over both local octal pattern and local hexadecimal pattern.

Keywords:

Feature extraction,local binary pattern,texture feature,content based image retrieval,pixel,pixel intensity,

Refference:

I. A. Alaknanda, A. Nitin: ‘Content based image retrieval using Histogram and
LBP’, International Journal of Communication System and Network
Technology, vol. 5, No. 1, 2016, pp. 50-65
II. B. Zhang, Y. Gao, S. Zhao, J. Liu, “Local derivative pattern versus local
binary pattern: face recognition with high-order local pattern
descriptor”, IEEE Trans. Image Process., vol. 19, pp. 533-544, 2010.
III. He Yonggang, Nong Sang, Changxin Gao, “Pyramid-Based Multi-structure
Local Binary Pattern for Texture Classification” , Pattern Analysis and
Applications 16(4):133-144, November 2010.
IV. Jian Li, Hanyi Du, Yingru Liu , Kai Zhang , Hui Zhou, “Extended
Gradient Local Ternary Pattern for Vehicle Detection” IEEE 17th
International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering, pp.
1882-1885, January 2015.
V. J. Ren, X. Jiang, J. Yuan, “Relaxed local ternary pattern for face
recognition”, IEEE International Conference Image Processing (ICIP),
pp. 2-6, September, 2013.
VI. Jing Yi Tou; Yong Haur Tay; Phooi Yee Lau; “One-dimensional Grey-level
Co-occurrence Matrices for texture classification,” Information Technology,
2008. ITSim 2008, vol.3, no., pp.1-6, 26-28 Aug. 2008.
VII. N. Arora, A. Ashok, S. Tiwari, “Modified Local Binary Pattern Scheme using
Row, Column and Diagonally aligned Pixel’s Intensity Pattern” International
Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE), vol.
8, no. 5, pp. 771-779, March 2019.
VIII. Ojala, T., Pietikainen, M., Harwood, D.: ‘A comparative study of texture
measures withclassification based on feature distributions’, Pattern
Recognition, 1996, 29, pp. 51–59
IX. Ojala, T., Pietikainen, M., & Maenpaa, T. (2002). Multiresolution gray-scale
and rotation invariant texture classification with local binary patterns. IEEE
Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 24(7), 971–987.
X. Qiuyan Lin, Jiaying Liu, Zongming Guo, “Local ternary pattern based on
path integral for steganalysis”, 2016 IEEE International Conference on
Image Processing (ICIP), pp. 2737-2741 August 2016.
XI. S. Murala, R.P. Maheshwari, R. Balasubramanian, “Local tetra patterns: a
new feature descriptor for content-based image retrieval”, Trans. Image
Process., vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 2874-2886, 2012.

XII. Sima Soltanpour , Q. M. Jonathan Wu, “Multiscale depth local derivative
pattern for sparse representation based 3D face recognition”, IEEE
International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC),
pp. 560-565, December 2017.
XIII. S. R. Dubey, S. Singh, and R. Singh, “Local bit-plane decoded pattern: A
novel feature descriptor for biomedical image retrieval,” IEEE J. Biomed.
Health Informat, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 1139–1147, Jul. 2016.
XIV. Ying Liu, Dengsheng Zhang, et al.: ‘A survey of Content Based Image
Retrieval with high-level semantics, Pattern Recognition, 40(1):262–282,
January 2007.
XV. X. H. Han, G. Xu, Y. W. Chen, “Robust local ternary patterns for texture
categorization”, 2013 6th International Conference on Biomedical
Engineering and Informatics, pp. 846-850, 2013
XVI. X. Y. Bian, C. Chen, Q. Du, and Y. X. Sheng, “Extended multistructure local
binary pattern for high-resolution image scene classification,” in Proc. IEEE
36th Int. Conf. Geosci. Remote Sens. Symp., 2016, pp. 5134–5137.
XVII. Z. Wang, R. Huang, W. Yang, C. Sun, “An enhanced local ternary patterns
method for face recognition”, Proceedings of the 33rd Chinese Control
Conference, pp. 4636-4640, July 2014

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Abstract:

It is a known fact the power crisis has literally crippled many nations and slowed them down from keeping up with the technological reforms in every field in order to solve he power issue, different renewable energy system are being analyzed and implemented that can be contributed to the power shortage. Since most of the industrial and residential electrical equipment using AC power to operate, these renewable energy systems must have a converter to transform DC power to AC power in attempt of doing, the system is subjected to high frequency harmonics due to converters, which can be degrade system performance. This research intends to find out an effective solution to reduce the high frequency harmonics by designing and implementing filters in solar cell driven AC loads.

Keywords:

Harmonics,AC loads,Filters,Frequency,Renewable Energy,Solar PV,

Refference:

I. A. H. Alami, Effects of evaporative cooling on efficiency of
photovoltaic modules, Energy conversion and management, vol. 77.
pp. 668-679, (2014).
III. G.K. singh, Solar power generation by Pvtechnology: A
review”Energy,vol.53,1-13,(2013).
IV. G.N Tiwari,R.K. Mishra,S.C. Solanki”Potovoltivc modules ant their
appllications: A review on thermal modelling “ applied energy 88(7),2287-
2304,(2011).
IV. H. Bahaidarah , A. Subhan , P. Gandhidasan, S. Rehman,
Performance evaluation of a PV module by back surface water
cooling for hot climate conditions, Energy 59,445-453, (2013).
V. H. G. Teo, P. S. Lee, M. N. A. Hawlaser, An active cooling
systemfor photovoltaic modules, Applied Energy 90(1), 309-315,
(2012).
VI. Mirzae, P. A., Zhang, R., Validation of a climatic CFD model to
predict the surface temperature of building integrated photovoltaics,
Energy procedia 78(2018) 1865-1870.
VIII *1Muhammad AamirAman, 2Muhammad ZulqarnainAbbasi, 3Hamza
Umar Afridi, 4Khushal Muhammad, 5Mehr-e-Munir Prevailing Pakistan’s
Energy Crises.1,2,3,4,5 Department of Electrical Engineering, Iqra National
University, Pakistan Email: aamiraman@inu.edu.pk *Corresponding
author: Muhammad AamirAman, E-mail:
aamiraman@inu.edu.pkJ.Mech.Cont.& Math. Sci., Vol.-13, No.-4,
September-October (2018) Pages 147-154
IX *1 Muhammad AamirAman, 2Muhammad ZulqarnainAbbasi, 3Hamza
Umar Afridi, 4Mehr-e-Munir, 5 Jehanzeb Khan. Photovoltaic (PV) System
Feasibility for UrmarPayan a Rural Cell Sites in Pakistan Department of
Electrical Engineering, Iqra National University, Pakistan. Email:
aamiraman@inu.edu.pk *Corresponding author: Muhammad AamirAman,
E-mail: aamiraman@inu.edu.pkJ.Mech.Cont.& Math. Sci., Vol.-13, No.-3,
July-August (2018) Pages 173-179
X *1Muhammad AamirAman, 2Muhammad ZulqarnainAbbasi, 3Murad Ali,
4Akhtar Khan.To Negate the influences of Un-deterministic Dispersed
Generation on Interconnection to the Distributed System considering Power
Losses of the system 1 Department of Electrical Engineering, Iqra National
University, Pakistan Email : aamiraman@inu.edu.pk *Corresponding
author: Muhammad AamirAman, E-mail:
aamiraman@inu.edu.pkJ.Mech.Cont.& Math. Sci., Vol.-13, No.-3, July-
August (2018) Pages 117-132
XI Nizetic, S., Grubisic-Cabo, F., Marinic-Kragic, I., Papadopulos, A. M.,
Experimental and numerical investigation of a backside convective cooling
mechanism on photovoltaic panel, Energy, vol. 111, 211-225, (2016).

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Abstract:

Telecommunication quality of service and customer satisfaction are the importantdecisive factors responsible for shifting of loyalties and increase profitability to the face the fierce competition in Pakistan telecommunication market comprised of 154 million cellular subscribers with 73.85% Teledensity. This paper intend to determine relationship among these variables and their impact on customer switching to another operator which has also become global phenomena. The analysis is conducted on primary data collected that is randomly sampled. The results clearly indicate the strong positive relations of value added services on service quality & customer satisfaction and strongly negative relationship with customer propensity to churn in Pakistan Telecom Environment. Resultantly, the customer churn can easily be controlled by providing enhance quality of voice, robust and reliable connectivity, better complaint management, customer care, and value added services with adequate features.

Keywords:

Service quality,Customer Satisfaction,Customer Churn,Customer Loyalty,

Refference:

I. Abbas Al-Refaie, Murad Al-Tarawneh, Nour Bata “ study of customer
churn in the telecom industry using structural equation modelling”
Journal of International Scientific Publications Economy & Business
ISSN 1314-7242, Volume 12, 2018
II. Abbas Al-Refaie “Cluster Analysis of Customer Churn in Telecom
Industry”, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology
International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Educational, Economic,
Business and Industrial Engineering Vol:11, No:5, 2017.
III. Adnan, Feras, Babar, Awais, sajjad “Customer churn prediction in
telecommunication industry using data certainty”, Journal of Business
Research Volume 94, January 2019, Page 290-301

IV. Alrend, Anju, Indu, Jay, Erbeth, Leslyn,”Determining the intervening
effects of exploratory data analysis and feature engineering in telecoms
customer churn modelling”,2019 4th MEC International Conference on
Big data and Smart city (ICBDSC).
V. Alrence Santiago Halibas ; Anju Cherian Matthew ; InduGovinda
Pillai ; Jay Harold Reazol ; Erbeth Gerald De “Determining the
Intervening Effects of Exploratory Data Analysis and Feature Engineering
in Telecoms Customer Churn Modelling” 2019 4th MEC International
Conference on Big Data and Smart City (ICBDSC)
VI. Amin A., Shehzad S., Khan C., Ali I., Anwar S. (2015) Churn
Prediction in Telecommunication Industry Using Rough Set Approach.
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Abstract:

The Optical Network is considered an important asset to any telecom operator. One of the most critical issues to the operators is how they can minimize the deployment cost and maximize the Return of Investments (ROI) by optimizing the operational costs in the optical network. Deployment of future-proof access networks requires new infrastructure and new equipment and, on top of it, raises many questions regarding the costs and risks associated with the technology, telecommunications market, and legal regulations of these networks. This paper presents the techno-economic analysis of the planning of FTTH access network topologies with GPON technologies that includes a series of scenarios in combination with tree, eye and tree topologies of eye and architectures Home-Run and GPON. In order to get realistic results, the techno-economic study has been applied to different urban areas in the city of Peshawar, capital of KPK. Cost/benefit analysis is performed in order to determine the most influential parameters and give general guidelines for the deployment of new-generation optical access networks in different environments. Analysis also shows that the price for new services that a customer needs to pay is competitive in the market today. Today, the service providers seek penetrate the telecommunications market with more advanced plans and complex network designs to reach a greater number of users and expand the range of services that offer. This is where FTTH networks along with technology GPON play an important role, as they meet this challenge. In this work, we present a FTTH network with GPON technology, the parameters related to the main conduit and network Elements (NE) connected to the Splice points (SP), among other aspects. Combining these topologies with their respective architectures would help the network planners to reduce the planning time of this type of networks and investment costs.

Keywords:

Fiber to the Home,Access Network Topologies,Home-Run and Gigabit Passive Optical Network architectures,

Refference:

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Abstract:

Cloud computing is new style of technology the demand of end user increase day by day it cases more energy consumption.Energy consumption directly connected with the utilization of resource .Batter resource management reduce energy system in the network for that reason in this paper BATalgorithm implement for load balancing technique with different parameter it result compare with ABC algorithm. By implementing BAT algorithm in VM policy it reduces 3% of energy consumption in the network. This result can be achieved by implementing proper load balancing technique due to that it can reduce energy management system in cloud computing.

Keywords:

Cloud computing,Energy Management System,Virtualmachine,loadbalancing,Energy Consumption,

Refference:

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applications, 34(1), 1-11.

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