Archive

Abstract:

Space and time are the necessary conditions for sustaining the Universe whereas mass and energy are the sufficient conditions for sustaining the Universe. All conditions are in almost balanced state but not in absolute balanced state. Little imbalance is maintained by the Universe to sustain the Universe as the way it is now. That is why, the Universe is almost peaceful, but not absolute peaceful. Only we can attain an absolute peaceful Universe by stopping the time in the forward direction (positive direction, the way it is now). The rate of change of anything in time is called evolution. If time stops running, everything will be at absolute rest without any evolution. This is a theoretical abstract idea only because it has no practicality or feasibility in the present state of the Universe. Speed is a function of space and time. It can be easily shown that time is a sinusoid and it loses its frequency of oscillations with the interaction with mass which increases time period, which can be termed as time dilation. The time period is extremely large of time, and the peak of the temporal magnitude is extremely low. Thus, frequency is extremely low. This is the reason, there are hardly any differences of time on Earth compare to free space. Even the astronomical body has very negligible effect on the time period or frequency of time. But time period gets larger with effect of mass, thus, time slows down (due to time dilation), which implies that frequency decreases little bit due to the effect of mass on time. Due to the slight variation in magnitude in a very low frequency sinusoid (time), time runs in the forward direction, as it is now in the present Universe. Thus, space and time are the necessary conditions for sustaining the Universe whereas mass and energy are only sufficient conditions for sustaining the Universe, the way it is now. All these four entities are the key for the Universe to get the present shape, the way it is now. Any change in one condition can lead the Universe to entire different shape with compare to the present shape. Thus, the Universe is at knife edge accuracy but not at absolute accuracy. Any one condition can be smoothly transformed into the others and vice versa.

Keywords:

The space and time,The mass and energy,Time dilation,Low frequency sinusoid,The necessary and sufficient conditions,The knife edge accuracy,

Refference:

I. Stephen Hawking, “The Beginning of Time”, A Lecture.
II. Roger Penrose, “Cycles of Time”, Vintage Books, London, pp. 50-56.
III. Stephen Hawking, “A Briefer History of Time”, Bantam Books, London, pp.
1-49.
IV. Stephen Hawking, “Black holes and Baby Universes and other essays”,
Bantam Press, London 2013, ISBN 978-0-553-40663-4
V. Stephen Hawking, “The Grand Design”, Bantam Books, London 2011
VI. Stephen Hawking, “A Brief History of Time”, Bantam Books, London 2011,
pp. 156-157. ISBN-978-0-553-10953-5
VII. Stephen Hawking, “The Universe in a Nutshell”, Bantam Press, London
2013, pp. 58-61, 63, 82-85, 90-94, 99, 196. ISBN 0-553-80202-X
VIII. Stephen Hawking, “A stubbornly persistent illusion-The essential
scientific works of Albert Einstein”, Running Press Book Publishers,
Philadelphia, London 2011.
IX. Stephen Hawking, “Stephen Hawking’s Universe: Strange Stuff Explained”,
PBS site on imaginary time.

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Abstract:

In this paper, we analyzed the basic properties and related theorems of generalized Jordan right derivations on prime and semiprime 𝛤-rings with their mathematical simulation. We mainly focused on the characterizations of 2 free prime and semiprime 𝛤-rings by using Jordan Right Derivations. Important propositions and theorems related to generalized Jordan right derivation on prime and semiprime 𝛤-ring have been derived here with sufficient calculations. Our main objective is to prove the theorem that if 𝑀 be a 2-torsion free 𝛤-ring having a commutator right non-Zero divisor which satisfies the condition 𝑎𝛼𝑏𝛽𝑐 = 𝑎𝛽𝑏𝛼𝑐 for all 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 ∈ 𝑀 and 𝛼, 𝛽 ∈ 𝛤and if𝐷: 𝑀 → 𝑀 be a generalized Jordan right derivation and 𝑑: 𝑀 → 𝑀 be its associated Jordan right derivation then 𝐷 is a generalized right derivation on 𝑀.

Keywords:

Γ-Rings,Prime Γ-Rings,Semiprime Γ-Rings,Generalized Derivation,Generalized right derivation,Generalized Jordan Right Derivation,

Refference:

I. N. Nobusawa, On the generalization of the ring theory, Osaka J. Math., 1(1964),
81-89.
II. W.E. Barnes, On the Γ-rings of Nobusawa, Pacific J. Math. 18(1966), 411-422.
III. A.C. Paul and Md. Mizanor Rahman, Jordan left derivations on semiprime
gamma rings, Int. J. Pure Appl. Sci. Technol., 6(2) (2011), 131-135.

IV. M. Soyturk, The commutativity of prime gamma rings with derivation, Turk. J.
Math. 18 (1999), 149-155.
V. M. M. Rahman and A. C. Paul, Derivations on Lie Ideals of Completely
Semiprime Γ-Rings, Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 27(1): 51-61, 2014 (June).
VI. M. M. Rahman and A. C. Paul, Generalized Derivations on Lie ideals of
Completely Semiprime Γ-Rings, Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 27(1): 87-98, 2014
(June).
VII Y. Ceven, Jordan left derivations on completely prime Γ-ring, C.U. Fen-
Edebiyat Fakultesi Fen BilimlereDergisi, 23(2), 2002, 39-43.
VIII. Mustafa Asci and SahinCeran, The commutativity in prime gamma rings with
left derivation, International Mathematical Forum, 2(3) (2007), 103-108.
IX. M. Sapanci and A. Nakajima, Jordan derivations on completely prime gamma
rings, Math. Japonica, 46(1) (1997), 47-51.
X. A. K. Halder, A. C. Paul, Jordan Left Derivations on Lie Ideals of Prime Γ-rings,
Punjab University Journal of Mathematics (2011).

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Abstract:

In this paper, thermal pyrolysis nanocoating technique was used to coat the brass alloy (grade B-111) of heat exchanger that used in Midland Refineries Company- Iraq. The nanocoating specifications and surface characterization have been made by using many measuring techniques; Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). From AFM results, it was observed that the particle size of nanocoated brass substrate was 70 nm. From XRD results it was showed high crystalline thin films. On the other hand, the SEM results showed good smooth surface morphology films. The corrosion behavior of with and without nanocoated brass tubes achieved by study the open circuit potential, corrosion current density and corrosion potential which are used to determine the corrosion rates in 3.5M of sodium chloride solution. The results indicated that nanocoated substrate showed insignificant weight losses in comparison to that of uncoated substrate. So minimum weight loss with CuO nanocoating with thermal pyrolysis technique at 0.04M was 2.5*10-2 mm/year.

Keywords:

Heat exchangers,Petroleum refinery,corrosion,Nano-coating,

Refference:

I. B. D. Hall, D. Zanchet and D. Ugarte ; Estimating nanoparticle size from
diffraction measurements , Journal of Applied Crystallography, Volume 33,
Part 6 (December 2000).
II. D. Jones ,”principle and prevention of corrosion “, prentice-Hall (1996).
III. E.Nun, M. Oles, B. Schleich, Macromol.Symp. 2002, 187, 677–682.
IV. F.Z. Chafi1*, A. Hadri1, C. Nassiri1, B. Fares1, L. Laanab1, N. Hassanain1,
A. Mzerd1,” UndopedCuO deposited by Spray Pyrolysis technique” J. Mater.
Environ. Sci. 7 170-175,ISSN : 2028-2508, (2016).
V. Hassan Al-HajIbrahim, “Fouling in heat exchangers”, MATLAB – A
Fundamental Tool for Scientific Computing and Engineering Applications,
Vol. 3, http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/46462, (2012).
VI. Hussein Y. Mahmood, Khalid A. Sukkar, Wasan K. Mikhelf“Corrosion
reduction for brass alloy by using different nano-coated techniques’’ISSN
(Online) : 2454 -7190 Vol.-14, No.-3, May-June ,J. Mech. Cont.& Math.
Sci.,pp 30-46 ISSN (Print) 0973-8975,(2019)

VII. K.Chang, Tiny is Beautiful, Translating“Nano”into Practical, The New York
Times (2005).
VIII. L.Pastorello and A.Bonanno, “application of nano-structured coatings to the
heat transfer surface of heat exchangers”, the fourteenth scandinavian inter.
conf. on fluid power, at tampere, (2015).
IX. M. A.Mostafa, “Fouling of Heat Transfer Surfaces”, Mansoura University,
Faculty of Engineering, Mech. Power Eng. Dept., University Campus STeP
(2011)
X. National Science and Technology Council US, The National Nanotechnology
Initiative, Supplement to the President’s Budget, (2006).
www.ostp.gov/nstc/index.html
XI. N.Taniguchi, “On the Basic Concept of ‘Nano-Technology”, Proc. Intl. Conf.
Prod. Eng. Tokyo, Part II, Japan Society of Precision Engineering, (1974).
XII. Parkin, I. P., R. G. Palgrave, J. Mater.Chem. 2005, 15(17), 1689–1695.
XIII. S. A. Ajeel, M. A.Abdulkareem, Zamen KARM,” Titanium oxide nanotube
arrays used in implant materials” U.P.B. Sci. Bull., Series B, Vol. 76, Iss. 2,
2014.
XIV. T., Fontana M. and Greene N.,” Corrosion Engineering”, International student
hird edition, McGraw Hill,(1984).

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Abstract:

When dealing with multivariate data with higher dimensions, we often use principal component analysis (PCA) to lessen the dimensions, but in the case of nonlinear data it is not possible to deal with classic estimated because of obtaining misleading results and therefore using kernel methods , when data contain outliers the results of the kernel pca (KPCA) for correlation matrix or variance covariance matrix are inaccurate. The aim of this research is to employ Robust KPCA (RKPCA) to solve nonlinear data using kernel function and outlier observation using Robust method termed as FastHCS (High-dimensional Congruent Subsets) that stands for a robust PCA algorithm appropriate for high-dimensional appliances to know the most effect variables on the phenomenon.

Keywords:

High-dimensional data,outlier detection,kernel principal component analysis(KPCA),FastHCS (High-dimensional Congruent Subsets),

Refference:

I. Fan J, Chow TW. Exactly Robust Kernel Principal Component
Analysis. IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems.
2019 Apr 29.
II. Hall P,Marshall D, Martin R. Adding and subtracting eigenspaces with
eigenvalue decomposition and singular value decomposition. Image
and Vision Computing. (2002):1009-1016.
III. Huang HH, Yeh YR. An iterative algorithm for robust kernel principal
component analysis. Neurocomputing. 2011 Nov 1;74(18):3921-30.
IV. Lee JM, Yoo C, Choi SW, Vanrolleghem PA, Lee IB. Nonlinear
process monitoring using kernel principal component analysis.
Chemical engineering science. 2004 Jan 1;59(1):223-34.
V. Lu C, Zhang T, Zhang R, Zhang C. Adaptive robust kernel PCA
algorithm. In2003 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech,
and Signal Processing, 2003. Proceedings.(ICASSP’03). 2003 Apr 6
(Vol. 6, pp. VI-621). IEEE.
VI. Mika S, Schölkopf B, Smola AJ, Müller KR, Scholz M, Rätsch G.
Kernel PCA and de-noising in feature spaces. InAdvances in neural
information processing systems 1999 (pp. 536-542).
VII. Neil HT. Applied multivariate analysis. Board.(NY, USA), Springer,
(2002). Lekaa Ali Muhamed et al. 303
VIII. PITOY C. EMPIRICAL STUDY ON BANDWIDTH
OPTIMIZATION FOR KERNEL PCA IN THE K-MEANS
CLUSTERING OF NON-LINEARLY SEPARABLE DATA. Journal
of Theoretical & Applied Information Technology. 2017 Oct 31;95(20).
IX. Samuel RT, Cao Y. Nonlinear process fault detection and identification
using kernel PCA and kernel density estimation. Systems Science &
Control Engineering. 2016 Jan 1;4(1):165-74.
X. 8Schölkopf B, Smola A, Müller KR. Nonlinear component analysis as
a kernel eigenvalue problem. Neural computation. 1998 Jul
1;10(5):1299-319.
XI. Shams MA. Fault Identification using Kernel Principle Component
Analysis. IFAC Proceedings Volumes. 2011 Jan 1;44(1):4320-5.
XII. Schmitt E, Vakili K. The FastHCS algorithm for robust PCA. Statistics
and Computing. 2016 Nov 1;26(6):1229-42.
XIII. Schmitt E, Vakili K. Finding multivariate outliers with FastPCS.
Computational Statistics & Data Analysis. 2014 Jan 1;69:54-66.
XIV. Wu W, Massart DL, De Jong S. The kernel PCA algorithms for wide
data. Part I: theory and algorithms. Chemometrics and Intelligent
Laboratory Systems. 1997 Apr 1;36(2):165-72.

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Abstract:

Internet of things is a concept that associate world with tech-systems to communicate in a manner that is easy and automated. Over past decade the idea became true focus for researchers and industrial domains. IOT is a technology of future that is rapidly growing every day with perceptions, providing humans control and update of things. The awareness of devices interaction and communication is coming from years but still struggling to be accepted by industries and organization due to lack of standardization. This study addresses IOT platforms limitations and interoperability challenges through reviewing scholarly papers. Also internet of things history and cloud computing role in IOT are briefly described.

Keywords:

Internet of Things,Interoperability,Cross domain,Framework,RFID,

Refference:

I. A. Gyrard, C. Bonnet, K. Boudaoud and M. Serrano, “Assisting IoT Projects
and Developers in Designing Interoperable Semantic Web of Things
Applications,” 2015 IEEE International Conference on Data Science and
Data Intensive Systems, Dec 2015.

II. A. Gyrard, S. K. Datta, C. Bonnet and K. Boudaoud, “A Semantic Engine for
Internet of Things: Cloud, Mobile Devices and Gateways,” 2015 9thInternational
Conference on Innovative Mobile and Internet Services in Ubiquitous
Computing, 8-10 July 2015.
III. A. Gyrard, S. K. Datta, C. Bonnet and K. Boudaoud, “Cross-Domain Internet of
Things Application Development: M3 Framework and Evaluation,” 3rd
International Conference on Future Internet of Things and Cloud, 24-26 August
2015.
IV. In Lee and K. Lee, “The Internet of Things (IoT): Applications, investments, and
challenges for enterprises,” Business Horizons, vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 431-440, July-
August 2015.
V. J. Mineraud, O. Mazhelisb, X. Suc and S. Tarkomaa, “A gap analysis of Internetof-
Things platforms,” Computer Communications, Vols. 89-90, pp. 5-16, March
2016.
VI. K.E. Psannis, S. Xinogalos and A. Sifaleras, “Convergence of Internet of things
and mobile cloud computing,” Systems Science & Control Engineering, vol. 2,
no. 1, pp. 476-483, May 2014.
VII. L. D. Xu, Wu He and S. Li, “Internet of Things in Industries: A Survey,” IEEE
Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 2233 – 2243,
November 2014.
VIII. M. Aazam, I. Khan, A. A. Alsaffar and E.-N. Huh, “Cloud of Things: Integrating
Internet of Things with Cloud Computing and the Issues Involved,” in
Proceedings of 2014 11th International Bhurban Conference on Applied
Sciences & Technology (IBCAST) Islamabad, Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan,
2014.
IX. M. H. F. A. P. E. K. C. Mavropoulos O., “Apparatus: Reasoning About Security
Requirements in the Internet of Things,” Advanced Information Systems
Engineering Workshops, vol. 249, pp. 219-230, June 2016.
X. P. S. V. Daniel, V. and R. A. , “A state of the art review on the Internet of Things
(IoT) history, technology and fields of deployment,” in International Conference
on Science, Engineering and Management Research (ICSEMR 2014), Chennai,
India, 2014.
XI. Q. Zhang, L. Cheng and R. Boutaba, “Cloud computing: state-of-the-art and
research challenges,” Journal of Internet Services and Applications, vol. 1, no. 1,
pp. 7-18, April 2010.
XII. S. Lee, J. (. Jeong and J. Park, “DNS Name Autoconfiguration for IoT Home
Devices,” 2015 IEEE 29th International Conference on Advanced Information
Networking and Applications Workshops, pp. 131-134, April 2015.
XIII. S. Madakam, R. R. and S. Tripathi, “Internet of Things (IoT): A Literature
Review,” Journal of Computer and Communications, pp. 164-173, January 2015.
XIV Z. Song, A. A. Cardenas and R. Masuoka, “Semantic Middleware for the Internet
of Things,” 2010 Internet of Things (IOT), 30 Dec 2010.

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Abstract:

Wireless communication is simply data communication without the use of landlines. This may include cell phone, two-way radio, fixed remote (broadband remote), laser (free space optics) or satellite correspondences. Portable remote innovations are going to go about as paste towards uniting the wired and remote to share and appropriate data consistently over one another's territories of reference. The paper right off the bat presents the remote correspondences and after that changes to fourth era in remote interchanges. The paper at that point talks about High Altitude Airships, the "STRATELLITES" which are really unmanned Kelvar inflatables loaded up with helium which are utilized rather than towers for remote correspondence, every one of which supplant several towers and decrease the expense of remote interchanges. They likewise conquer the detriment of straightforward towers which couldn't give appropriate inclusion in the bumpy zones.

Keywords:

Wireless communication,Stratellite,

Refference:

I. howstuffworks.com
II. 21st Century Airships, Inc., High Altitude Platforms, at
http://www.21stcenturyairships.com/
III. Geostationary Orbits, in Wikpedia, at
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geostationary_orbit (last accessed Sept. 28, 2004).
IV. TWUF, Broadband Takes to the Skiesrt Techdirt, Get Your Wireless
Broadband By Stratellite,

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Abstract:

This study investigates money laund erring due to electronic currencies like bitcoin. Currently, electronic currency is a new methodofoutgoings and eachcountryadopts in a different way how to apportion with it. Nonetheless, new technologies offer us new likelihoodsinour life for unspecifieddealings as payments for online shopping andcertainlythey canbeusedinillicit actions as in money launderingand terrorism financing. Moreover, unrecognizability is the foremost characteristics of electronic currency which aids to disappear the income source. This is the problematic issue for developed and developing countries for the reason that they should fight such at hreatas money legalizing and terrorism financing. Consequently, this paper reviews and surveys the methods of these doubtful operations that can be used for money laundering by bitcoins and how to overcome or restrict these unlawful operations technical issues.

Keywords:

Virtual Money Laundry,Bitcoin,Transaction,Financial Monitoring,

Refference:

I. Beginning Bitcoin Trading on Peer-to-Peer Sites vs Centralized
Exchanges, [website], (accessed23February2018).
https://medium.com/@kareninsf2/beginning – bitcoin-trading-on-peer-topeer-
sites-vs-centralized-exchanges-6119c057fda9
II. S. Boland A. Cerić, Bitcoin-a sustainable means of payment? A
transaction cost an alysis of Bitcoin compared to traditional means of
payment, Master Thesis, LinköpingUniversity,2014.
III. Beyond Bitcoin: How Blockchain Is Changing Banking,
[website],(accessed23February2018).https://www.barrons.com/articles/be
yond-bitcoin-how-blockchain-is-changing-banking-1498890463
IV. DIANA MERGENOVNA SAT, et.al, Investigation of Money Laundering
Methods through Cryptocurrency, Journal of Theoretical and Applied
Information Technology, Vol.83. No.2, 2016.
V. D.L. K. Chuen, Handbook of Digital Currency: Bitcoin, Innovation,
Financial Instruments, and Big Data, 1st edition, Nikki Levy Publisher,
2015.
VI. D. Baath, How to combat money laundering in Bitcoin? , An institutional
and game theoretic approach to anti-money laundering prevention
measures aimed at Bitcoin, MSc Thesis, Linköpings University,2016
VII. Feng Yun, Yan Chang, Yang Dong-mei, Zhang Jing-jing. Detection and
supervision for money laundering in ecommerce based on third party
online payment [J]. Systems Engineering Theory and Practice, 2008(12):
60-69.

VIII. Frequently Asked Questions-Find answers to recurring questions and
myths about Bitcoin, [website], (accessed23February2018).
IX. Luo Xufang. In the Electronic bank service’s money laundering with
instead launders money [J]. Financial computerization, 2008(12): 48-49.
X. U.S. Department of State , International Crime Control Report, 1999,
Money Laundering and Financial Crimes, 599.
XI. Xu Shihai, Gao Yunfei, Huang Cheng, Ji Ming. The electron means of
payment money laundering question discusses Accountant [J]. Financial
Accounting, 2008(02): 40-43.

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Abstract:

Cosmological observations show that the cosmos has almost flat space geometry and is located in a spatial expansion phase. The accelerated expansion of the cosmology has been proven by the observable data. In the framework of standard cosmology, such expansion requires the presence of an unknown dominant energy component called dark energy. Dark energy is responsible for the accelerated expansion of the cosmos and has anti-graphetic effects. The discovery of the nature of dark energy in modern cosmology and the physical theory in the past decade has been a major challenge. Despite the theoretical problems in recognizing dark energy, there are many very strong and independent observational reasons for its presence. In view of the existence of a parallel universe, infinity is bounded infinitely to the infinite direction of the sphere. In general, it can be concluded that the factor of momentum is the momentum moving in the dimension of space. Another result of the existence of parallel universes is the equivalence of the three dimensions of space, and not only from the far side, we can imagine a three dimensional object two dimensional, or even one-dimensional, or even a point, but in reality it is the same. A new model of the universe that justifies the transition of the entire cosmos along a straight line. This transition movement has begun since the start of the Big Bang and has continued along with the expansionary and infinite expansion of the universe. The straight line is the height of a cone to the inside of the x-axis and to move this transition inside this cone from the x-axis to its base.

Keywords:

Big Bang,Modern cosmology theory,Inflation,Transition,

Refference:

I. Austin Joyce; et al. “Beyond the Cosmological Standard Model”. Physics
Reports. 568: 1–98, 2015.
II. Carroll, Sean. “The cosmological constant”. Living Reviews in Relativity 4.
Retrieved 2006-09-28, 2001.

III. Clavin, Whitney. “NASA Technology Views Birth of the Universe”. NASA,
2014.
IV. Dicke, Robert H.; P. J. E. Peebles. “The big bang cosmology – enigmas and
nostrums”. In S. W. Hawking; W. Israel (eds.). General Relativity: an
Einstein Centenary Survey. Cambridge University Press, 1979.
V. J. Moffat. “Superluminary Universe: A Possible Solution to the Initial Value
Problem in Cosmology”. International Journal of Modern Physics D. 2(3):
351–366, 1993.
VI. Jungman, Gerard; Kamionkowski, Marc; Griest, Kim. “Supersymmetric dark
matter”. Physics Reports. 267 (5–6): 195–373, 1996.
VII. Lemaître, Georges. “The expanding universe”. Annales de la Société
Scientifique de Bruxelles. 47A: 49., English in Gen. Rel. Grav.29:641–680,
1997.
VIII. Linde, Andrei; Fischler, W. “Prospects of Inflation”. Physica
Scripta. 117 (T117): 40–48, 2005.
IX. Loeb; Barkana. “In the Beginning: The First Sources of Light and the
Reionization of the Universe”. Physics Reports. 349 (2): 125–238. 2011.
X. Melia, Fulvio.”The Cosmic Horizon”. Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society. 382 (4): 1917–1921, 2008.
XI. Melia, Fulvio; et al. “The Cosmological Spacetime”. International Journal of
Modern Physics D. 18 (12): 1889–1901, 2009.
XII. Merritt, David. “Cosmology and convention”. Studies in History and
Philosophy of Science Part B. 57 (2017): 41–52, 2017.
XIII. Misner, Charles W.; Coley, A A; Ellis, G F R; Hancock, M. “The isotropy of
the universe”. Astrophysical Journal. 151 (2): 431, 1968.
XIV. Overbye, Dennis. “Space Ripples Reveal Big Bang’s Smoking Gun”. The
New York Times, 2004 .
XV. Overbye, Dennis. “Ripples From the Big Bang”. The New York Times, 2014.
XVI. Peebles, P. J. E. and Ratra, Bharat.”The cosmological constant and dark
energy”. Reviews of Modern Physics 75 (2): 559–606, 2003.
XVII. Steinhardt, Paul J. “The inflation debate: Is the theory at the heart of modern
cosmology deeply flawed?” Scientific American. 304 (4): 18–25, 2011.
XVIII. Trimble, V. “Existence and nature of dark matter in the universe”. Annual
Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 25: 425–472, 1987.
XIX. Tyson, Neil de Grasse and Donald Goldsmith. “Origins: Fourteen Billion
Years of Cosmic Evolution”, W. W. Norton & Co., 84–95, 2004.
XX. Weinberg, Steven. Gravitation and Cosmology. John Wiley. pp. 740, 815,
1971.

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Abstract:

The term forecast stands for predictions of future events and conditions. The process of making such predictions is called forecasting. The main purpose of forecasting is to meet future requirements, reduce unexpected cost and provide a potential input to decision making regarding electrical power production and dispatch. In operating a power system, the mission of the utility/company, from the forecasting point of view, is to match demand for electric energy with available supply. This leads to the fact that a major objective of any power company is accurately predicting future loads. In this research, medium term electrical load forecasting for Peshawar region is studied using Lanczos Bidiagonalization with Singular Value Decomposition. Here, electrical hourly loads are processed in three steps. A polynomial fit is performed to access the non-linear trend of the hourly loads of each year. This is followed by applying the SVD method to the difference between the hourly loads and their trend. SVD serves to extract both the cyclic and the random components of the numerical data. Finally, prediction is done using matrix completion via Lanczos Bidiagonalization.

Keywords:

electrical load forecasting,Lanczos Bidiagonalization,SVD method,

Refference:

I. H. M Al-Hamadi and S. A. Soliman. “Long-term/mid-term electric load
forecasting based on short-term correlation and annual growth.” Electric
power systems research 74, no. 3 (2015): 353-361
II. N.Abu-Shikhah. F.Elkarmi. “Medium-term electric load forecasting using
singular value decomposition.” Energy 36, no. 7 (2011): 4259-4271.
III. Paterek, Arkadiusz. “Improving regularized singular value decomposition
for collaborative filtering.” In Proceedings of KDD cup and workshop, vol.
2017, pp. 5-8. 2007.
IV. S. Miloš, M.Božić, Z.Stajić, and M.Milošević. “LS-SVM model for
electrical load prediction based on incremental training set
update.” PrzeglądElektrotechniczn 4 (2013): 195-199
V. X. Changhao, J. Wang, and K. McMenemy. “Short, medium and long term
load forecasting model and virtual load forecaster based on radial basis
function neural networks.” International Journal of Electrical Power &
Energy Systems 32, no. 7 (2010): 743-750.

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Abstract:

On-chip interconnects are the exhibition bottleneck in current framework onchips. Code-division numerous entrance (CDMA) has been proposed to actualize onchip crossbars because of its fixed inertness, decreased intervention overhead, and higher data transfer capacity. In this paper, we advance over-burden CDMA interconnect (OCI) to improve the limit of CDMA arrange on-chip (NoC) crossbars by expanding the quantity of usable spreading codes. Sequential OCI and P-OCI design variations are introduced to cling to various region, postponement, and power necessities. Contrasted and the customary CDMA crossbar, on a Xilinx Artix-7 AC701 FPGA pack, the sequential OCI crossbar accomplishes 100% higher transfer speed, 31% less asset usage, and 45% power sparing, while the parallel OCI crossbar accomplishes N times higher data transmission contrasted and the sequential OCI crossbar to the detriment of expanded zone and power utilization. Further to build the speed of OCI crossbar we are actualizing Han Carlson viper instead of parallel snake engineering. This sort of augmentation brings about High speed P-OCI and sequential OCI contrast with proposed P-OCI and sequential OCI models individually.

Keywords:

Highspeed,Delay,Code division multipleaxes interconnect Network on chip (NOC) NOC Physical,

Refference:

I. B. C. C. Lai, P. Schaumont, and I. Verbauwhede, “CT-bus: A
heterogeneous CDMA/TDMA bus for future SOC,” in Proc. Conf.
Rec. 35th Asilomar Conf. Signals, Syst. Comput., vol. 2. Nov. 2004,
pp. 1868–1872.
II. D. Kim, K. Lee, S.-J. Lee, and H.-J. Yoo, “A reconfigurable
crossbar switch with adaptive bandwidth control for networks-onchip,”
in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst. (ISCAS), May 2005,
pp. 2369–2372.
III. K. Asanovic et al., “The landscape of parallel computing research:
A view from berkeley,” Dept. EECS, Univ. California, Berkeley,
CA, USA, Tech. Rep. UCB/EECS-2006-183, 2006.
IV. K. E. Ahmed and M. M. Farag, “Overloaded CDMA bus topology
for MPSoC interconnect,” in Proc. Int. Conf. ReConFigurable
Comput. FPGAs (ReConFig), Dec. 2014, pp. 1–7.
IV. K. E. Ahmed and M. M. Farag, “Enhanced overloaded CDMA
interconnect (OCI) bus architecture for on-chip communication,” in
Proc. IEEE 23rd Annu. Symp. High-Perform. Interconnects (HOTI),
Aug. 2015, pp. 78–87.
V. K.Praveen Kumar, Kumaraswamy Gajula “Fractal Array antenna
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