Journal Vol – 14 No -4, August 2019

Abstract:

This article presents the design of reconfigurable multiband antenna fed by coplanar waveguide feeding using commercially available pin diodes. The designed antenna covers S-band, Wi-MAX C-Band, X-band applications. A detail study was performed to characterize the switching operation by considering the wire bound effects. By loading the TSIR (T-shaped stepped impedance resonator) and PSLR (parallel stub loaded resonator) in the circular ring, resonating characteristics are observed. The resonating frequencies of the antenna are 3.26 GHz, 4.16 GHz, 8.04 GHz and 8.9 GHz respectively. The current antenna shows the maximum gain of 5.94 dB at 8.04 GHz. The proposed antenna shows good impedance characteristics, low profile and compact size, which is suitable for wireless communication applications.

Keywords:

TSIR (T-shaped Stepped impedance resonator),PSLR (Parallel Stub loaded resonator),

Refference:

I. D. Sreenivasa Rao, J. Lakshmi Narayana, B. T. P. Madhav, “Microstrip
Parasitic Strip Loaded ReconFigureurable Monopole Antenna”, ARPN
Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 11, No. 19, pp 1-7,
2016.
II. J.-Y. Deng, Y.-Z. Yin, S.-G. Zhou and Q.-Z. Liu, “Compact ultra wideband
antenna with tri-band notched characteristic,” Electron. Lett., vol. 44, no.
21, Oct. 2008.
III. K.Praveen Kumar, Kumaraswamy Gajula “Fractal Array antenna Design
for C-Band Applications”, International Journal of Innovative Technology
and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE), Volume-8 Issue-8 June, 2019
(SCOPUS Indexed)
IV. K.Praveen Kumar, “Active Switchable Band-Notched UWB Patch
Antenna”, International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring
Engineering (IJITEE), Volume-8 Issue-8 June, 2019 (SCOPUS Indexed)
V. K.Praveen Kumar, “Circularly Polarization of Edge-Fed Square Patch
Antenna using Truncated Technique for WLAN Applications”,
International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering
(IJITEE), Volume-8 Issue-8 June, 2019 (SCOPUS Indexed)
VI. K.Praveen Kumar, “Triple Band Edge Feed Patch Antenna; Design and
Analysis”, International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring
Engineering (IJITEE), Volume-8 Issue-8 June, 2019 (SCOPUS Indexed)
VII. K.Praveen Kumar, Dr. Habibulla Khan “Optimization of EBG structure for
mutual coupling reduction in antenna arrays; a comparitive study”
International Journal of engineering and technology, Vol-7, No-3.6, Special
issue-06, 2018. page 13- 20. (SCOPUS Indexed)
VIII. K.Praveen Kumar, Dr. Habibulla Khan “Active PSEBG structure design for
low profile steerable antenna applications” Journal of advanced research in
dynamical and control systems, Vol-10, Special issue-03, 2018. (SCOPUS
Indexed)

IX. K.Praveen Kumar, Dr. Habibulla Khan, “Design and characterization of
Optimized stacked electromagnetic band gap ground plane for low profile
patch antennas” International journal of pure and applied mathematics, Vol
118, No. 20, 2018, 4765-4776. (SCOPUS Indexed)
X. M. Ajay Babu, B. T. P. Madhav, B. Mohan Reddy, R. Divya Chaitanya, T.
Satish and T. Anilkumar, “A Dual-Polarization ReconFigureurable Antenna
with Beam Switching Characteristics For S-Band Applications”, ARPN
Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 12, No. 16, pp 4841-
4847, 2017.
XI. M. Gopikrishna, D. D. Krishna, C. K. Anandan, P. Mohanan, and
K.Vasudevan, “Design of a compact semi-elliptic monopole slot antenna for
UWB systems,” IEEE trans. Antennas propag., vol. 57, no. 6, pp.1834–
1837, Jun. 2009
XII. S. Hu, H. Chen, C. L. Law, Z. Shen, L. Zui, W. Zhang, and W.
Dou,“Backscattering cross section of ultra wideband antennas,” IEEE
AntennasWireless Propag. Lett. vol. 6, pp. 70–73, 2007
XIII. Tsenchieh Chiu, Chic hang Hung, Kaiming Hsu, “ReconFigureurable
resonant module for multi-band antenna design” IET Microwaves,
Antennas & Propagation, pp. 1–7, 2015
XIV. W. J. Lui, C. H. Cheng, and H. B. Zhu, “Compact frequency notched ultrawideband
fractal printed slot antenna,” IEEE Microw.Wireless Compon.
Lett., vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 224–226, Apr. 2006.
XV. W. S. Lee, D. Z. Kim, K. J. Kim, and J. W. Yu, “Wideband planar
monopole antennas with dual band-notched characteristics,” IEEE Trans.
Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 54, pp. 2800–2806, 2006
XVI. Xiaoyan Zhang, MiaoTian, Aiyun Zhan1 Zhiwei Liu Haiwen Liu “A
frequency reconFigureurable antenna for multiband mobile handset
applications”, pp.1-8, June 2017
XVII. Yong Pan, Kaihua Liu, and Ziye Hou, “a novel printed micro strip antenna
with frequency reconFigureurable characteristics for
Bluetooth/WLAN/WIMAX applications” Vol. 55, pp 1341-1347, June
2013.

View Download

Abstract:

The interaction of flow patterns with the movements of live bed of natural channels is a complex 3D process which requires precise investigation in different scenarios to be fully understood. This study effort to investigate the flow patterns and its effect on the formation of scour holes and deposition stacks in the vicinity of a diversion channel entrance considering the presence of a single dike with various lengths normal to flow and different simple and T-shaped models. Results indicated that Dike shape and its length normal to flow significantly affects the ratio of diverted discharge, volume of sediment transport into the diversion channel, and volume and depth of the scour holes as well as the shape, height and location of the formation of the deposition stack. Increasing the length of wing for the T-shaped dikes could decrease the depth and span of the scour holes efficiently as well reducing the dimensions of deposition stack to form out of the diversion channel.

Keywords:

T-shaped dikes,turbulent flow field,sediment scour,diversion intakes,

Refference:

I. Barkdoll, B.D., Ettema, R., Odgaard, A.J. Sediment control at lateral
diversions: Limits and enhancements to vane use. Journal of Hydraulic
Engineering, 125(8), 862-870. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-
9429(1999)125:8(862), 1999.
II. Duan, J. G.. Mean Flow and Turbulence around a Laboratory Spur Dike.
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering Vol. 135, No. 10, 803-811, 2009.
III. Hassanpour, F., Ayoubzadeh, S.A., Ghoddasian, M., Vali Samani, G.M.
Effect of submerged vanes on dewatering and longitudinal profile of water
level in vicinity of 90-degree side basins. Journal of Development of Natural
Resources, 77, 104-114, 2007.
IV. Kasthuri, B., Pundarikanthan, N.V. Discussion of “Separation zone at
open‐channel junctions” by James L. Best and Ian Reid (November, 1984).
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 113(4), 543-544.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1987)113:4(543), 1987.
V. Kuhnle R.A., Alonso, C. V., Shields, D. Geometry Of Scour Holes
Associated With 90ᵒ Spur Dikes.J. Hydraul. Eng. 1999.125:972-978, 1999.
VI. Masjedi and E P Foroushani, Experimental effect of flow depth on ratio
discharge in lateral intakes in river bend. 26th IAHR Symposium on
Hydraulic Machinery and Systems, 2012.
VII. Nazari Giglou, A. Mccorquodale, J. A., Solari. L. Numerical study on the
effect of the spur dikes on sedimentation pattern. Ain Shams Engineering
Journal, 2017.

VIII. Neary, V.S., Odgaard, A.J. Three‐dimensional flow structure at open‐channel
diversions. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 119(11), 1223-1230.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1993)119:11(1223), 1993.
IX. Neary, V.S., Sotiropoulos, F., Odgaard, A.J. Three-dimensional numerical
model of lateral-intake in flows. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 125(2),
126-140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(1999)125:2(126),
1999.
X. Uijttewaal WSJ. Effects of groyne layout on the flow in groyne fields:
laboratory experiments. J Hydraul Eng ASCE, 131(9):782–91, 2005.
XI. Vaghefi, M., Ghodsian, M., Salehi Neyshabouri, S. A. A. Experimental Study
on Scour around a T-Shaped Spur Dike in a Channel Bend. Journal of
Hydraulic Engineering, Vol. 138, No. 5, 2012.
XII. Vaghefi, M., Safarpoor, Y., and Hashemi, S. S. Effects of distance between
the T-shaped spur dikes on flow and scour patterns in 90 bend using the
SSIIM model. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 7, 31–45, 2016.
XIII. Xuelin T, Xiang D, Zhicong C. Large eddy simulations of three-dimensional
flows around a spur dike. J Tsinghua Sci Technol, 11(1):117–23, 2006.
XIV. Xuelin T. Experimental and numerical investigations on secondary flows and
sedimentations behind a spur dike. J Hydrodyn Ser B, 19(1):23–9, 2007.

 

View Download

Abstract:

Fractals stand for unique geometries that can be nice-looking for microwave circuit scholars. Latest expansions in wireless communication systems have been caused different experiments to manufacture high-grade diminished components. These experiments motivate microwave circuits and antennas engineers to look for solutions by examining diverse fractal structures. Nonetheless, there are several relevant limits of fractal antennas involving geometric restrictions, low gain, fractal orders and design complexity. These limits are feasibly solved by restructuring methods as in fractal reconfiguration and like pre-fractal structures. These methods have been known as semi or quasi-fractals that can be applied to antenna design without endless scale. Accordingly, quasi-fractal geometry with limited orders or iterations can be exploited for a specific dual/multiband antenna based on a particular fractal iteration. In this study, the unique properties of fractal geometries will be presented together with the most commonly used fractal geometries applied in the slot antenna design. In this respect, the application of fractal geometries in the slot antenna design can be classified into two categories. In the first category, the fractal geometry is applied directly such that it constitutes the whole slot structure, while in the second one; the fractal geometry is applied indirectly. In this case, there is a slot structure with Euclidean shape, such as triangle, square…etc., and fractal geometry has to replace each line segment in this structure. In addition, slotting processes by fractal or semi fractals in the ground plane of antenna substrates to produce dual or multiband or even wideband response have been discussed in this review paper.

Keywords:

fractal geometries,slot antenna design,slot structure,wideband response,

Refference:

I. B. B. Mandelbrot, “The Fractal Geometry of Nature”, W. H. Freeman,
San Francisco, CA, 1982.
II. Jawad K. Ali, and A. S. A. Jalal, “A Miniaturized Multiband Minkowski-
Like Pre-Fractal Patch Antenna for GPS and 3g IMT-2000 Handsets”,
Asian Journal for Information Technology 6(5), pp. 584-588, 2007.
III. P. S. Addison, “Fractals and Chaos”, Institute of Physics Publishing,
IOP, Ltd, London, 1997.
IV. Jawad K. Ali, M. T. Yassen, M. R. Hussan, and A. J. Salim, ” A Printed
Fractal Based Slot Antenna for Multi-band Wireless Communication
Applications”, Progress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER
Proceedings, Moscow, Russia, August 19-23, 2012.
V. K. Falconar, “Fractal Geometry”, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Baffins Lane,
Chichister, 1990.
VI. N. Poprzen, and M. Gacanovic, “Fractal Antennas: Design,
Characteristics and Application “, Regular Paper, 2000.
VII. Seevan F. Abdulkareem, Design and Fabrication of Printed Fractal Slot
Antennas for Dual-band Communication Applications, M. Sc Thesis,
University of Technology, Iraq .
VIII. Y.S. Mezaal, H.T.Eyyuboglu, J.K. Ali, New Dual Band Dual-Mode
Microstrip Patch Bandpass Filter Designs Based on Sierpinski Fractal
Geometry.In, Proceeding of Advanced Computing and Communication
Technologies, Rohtak, India, pp.348-352, 2013.

IX. Y. S. Mezaal, Jawad K. Ali, and H. T. Eyyuboglu. “Miniaturised
microstrip bandpass filters based on Moore fractal
geometry.” International Journal of Electronics 102.8 (2015): 1306-1319.
X. Yaqeen S. Mezaal, Halil T. Eyyuboglu, and Jawad K. Ali. “A new design
of dual band microstrip bandpass filter based on Peano fractal geometry:
Design and simulation results.” 2013 13th Mediterranean Microwave
Symposium (MMS). IEEE, 2013.
XI. Y. S.Mezaal,New Compact Microstrip Patch Antennas, Design and
Simulation Results. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 9, 12,
2016.
XII. Yaqeen S. Mezaal, Dalal A. Hammood: New microstrip quasi fractal
antennas: Design and simulation results. 2016 IEEE 36th International
Conference on Electronics and Nanotechnology (ELNANO); 04/2016,
DOI:10.1109/ELNANO.2016.7493014
XIII. Y. S. Mezaal, “New microstrip semi-fractal antenna: Design and
simulation results,” 2016 24th Signal Processing and Communication
Application Conference (SIU), Zonguldak, 2016, pp. 1601-1604.doi:
10.1109/SIU.2016.7496061
XIV. Yaqeen Sabah Mezaal, S. F. Abdulkareem, J. K. Ali: A Dual-Band
Printed Slot Antenna for WiMAX and Metrological Wireless
Applications. Advanced Eelectromagnetics 08/2018; 7(3):75-81.,
DOI:10.7716/aem.v7i3.765
XV. Y. S. Mezaal, and S. A. Hashim . Design and Simulation of Square
Based Fractal Slot Antennas for Wireless Applications. Journal of
Engineering and Applied Sciences, 13(17), 7266-7270, 2018.
XVI. Yaqeen Sabah Mezaal, Seevan F. Abdulkareem, New microstrip antenna
based on quasi-fractal geometry for recent wireless systems, 26th Signal
Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU), 2018.
XVII. Yaqeen Sabah Mezaal, et al. New Compact Wideband Microstrip
Antenna for Wireless Applications. Advanced Eelectromagnetics
09/2018; 7(4)., DOI:10.7716/aem.v7i4.860
XVIII. Yaqeen Sabah Mezaal, et al. Miniaturized Wideband Microstrip Antenna
for Recent Wireless Applications.Advanced Eelectromagnetics 09/2018;
7(5). DOI:10.7716/aem.v7i5.806.
XIX. Yaqeen Sabah Mezaal, Halil Tanyer Eyyuboglu, Jawad K. Ali: A Novel
Design of Two Loosely Coupled Bandpass Filter Based on Hilbert-zz
Resonator with Higher Harmonic Suppressions. 3rd International IEEE
Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Technologies
(ACCT-2013); 04/2013.
XX. Yaqeen Sabah Mezaal, Halil Tanyer Eyyuboglu, Jawad K.Ali: New Dual
Band Dual-Mode Microstrip Patch Bandpass Filter Designs Based on
Sierpinski Fractal Geometry. 3rd International IEEE Conference on
Advanced Computing and Communication Technologies (ACCT-2013);
04/2013.
XXI. Yaqeen Sabah Mezaal, halil T.Eyyuboglu, Jawad K.Ali: Wide Bandpass
and Narrow Bandstop Microstrip Filters Based on Hilbert Fractal Geometry: Design and Simulation Results. PLoS ONE, 12/2014;
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0115412.
XXII. Yaqeen S. Mezaal, Halil T. Eyyuboglu, Jawad K. Ali: New Microstrip
Bandpass Filter Designs Based on Stepped Impedance Hilbert Fractal
Resonators. IETE Journal of Research, 07/2014; 60(3):257-264.
DOI:10.1080/03772063.2014.922018 .
XXIII. Yang, Xue-Song, Bing-Zhong Wang, and Yong Zhang. “A
reconfigurable Hilbert curve patch antenna.” In 2005 IEEE Antennas and
Propagation Society International Symposium, vol. 2, pp. 613-616. IEEE,
2005.
XXIV. Y.K. Choukiker, S.K. Sharma, S.K. Behera. Hybrid fractal shape planar
monopole antenna covering multiband wireless communications with
MIMO implementation for handheld mobile devices. IEEE Transactions
on Antennas and Propagation. Dec 17;62(3):1483-8, 2013.

View Download

Abstract:

In this article, CPW fed circular slotted frequency reconfigurable antenna of 32mmx24mm applicable to multiband operations is designed and presented. It covers Medical wireless communication WiMAX (3.03-3.8GHz), (5.1-5.5GHz) WLAN, Cband (6.5-7.16GHz) and X-band (9.4-12.5GHz) for radio astronomy, space research and satellite applications. Resonating characteristics are realized by loading the two stage T-shaped stepped impedance resonator (TS-TSIR) in the circular ring and cross strip on the feed line. Frequency reconfiguration is achieved by switching action four PIN diodes placing at the circular slot. Maximum gain of 6.39dB at 10.7GHz is achieved.

Keywords:

TS-TSIR (two-stage T-shaped Stepped impedance resonator),CPW (coplanar waveguide),Cross strip,

Refference:

I. A Vamseekrishna, A Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna with Bluetooth,
Wi-Fi and WLAN Notch Band Characteristics, International Journal of
Engineering and Technology, Vol 7, Issue 2.7, 2018, pp 127-130.
II. A. Tariq and H. Ghafouri-Shiraz, Frequency-reconfigurable monopole
antennas, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 44–50, Jan.
2012.
III. B Siva Prasad, P Mallikarjuna Rao, Coplanar Wave guide fed fork shaped
frequency reconfigurable antenna for LTE, Wi-Fi and WLAN
applications, International Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol 7,
Issue 1.1, 2018, pp 366-370.
IV. B Siva Prasad, P Mallikarjuna Rao, CPW Fed T-Stub and U-Slot
Reconfigurable Antenna for Wi-Fi And WLAN Communication
Applications, Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control
Systems, Vol 9, Issue 14, 2017, pp 2104-2116.
V. C.Y. Chiu, J. Li, S. Song, and R. D.Murch, Frequency reconfigurable
pixel slot antenna, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 60, no. 10, pp.
4921–4924, 2012
VI. D. Sreenivasa Rao, G. Lalitha, S. Mohammad Parvez, J. Naveen, D. Mani
Deepak, A. N. Meena Kumari, A Frequency Reconfigurable Spiral FShaped
Antenna for Multiple Mobile Applications, Lecture Notes in
Electrical Engineering, ISSN: 1876-1100, Vol 471, 2018, pp 571-580
VII. D. Sreenivasa Rao, J. Lakshmi Narayana, Microstrip Parasitic Strip
Loaded Reconfigurable Monopole Antenna, ARPN Journal of
Engineering and Applied Sciences, ISSN: 1819-6608 VOL. 11, NO. 19,
OCTOBER 2016, pp 1-7.

VIII. D. Sreenivas Rao, K. Supraja, K15 Nematic Phase Liquid Crystal
Material Based Double-Dipole Reconfigurable Antenna, Rasayan Journal
of Chemistry, ISSN: 0974-1496, Vol 10, No 3, Jul-2017, pp 866-872.
IX. G Jyothsna Devi, Reconfigurable Mimo Antenna For 5G Communication
Applications, International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Vol
117, No. 18, 2017, pp 89-95.
IX. K.Praveen Kumar, Kumaraswamy Gajula “Fractal Array antenna Design
for C-Band Applications”, International Journal of Innovative Technology
and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE), Volume-8 Issue-8 June, 2019
(SCOPUS Indexed)
X. K.Praveen Kumar, “Active Switchable Band-Notched UWB Patch
Antenna”, International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring
Engineering (IJITEE), Volume-8 Issue-8 June, 2019 (SCOPUS Indexed)
XI. K.Praveen Kumar, “Circularly Polarization of Edge-Fed Square Patch
Antenna using Truncated Technique for WLAN Applications”,
International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring
Engineering (IJITEE), Volume-8 Issue-8 June, 2019 (SCOPUS Indexed)
XII. K.Praveen Kumar, “Triple Band Edge Feed Patch Antenna; Design and
Analysis”, International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring
Engineering (IJITEE), Volume-8 Issue-8 June, 2019 (SCOPUS Indexed)
XIII. K.Praveen Kumar, Dr. Habibulla Khan “Optimization of EBG structure
for mutual coupling reduction in antenna arrays; a comparitive study”
International Journal of engineering and technology, Vol-7, No-3.6,
Special issue-06, 2018. page 13- 20. (SCOPUS Indexed)
XIV. K.Praveen Kumar, Dr. Habibulla Khan “Active PSEBG structure design
for low profile steerable antenna applications” Journal of advanced
research in dynamical and control systems, Vol-10, Special issue-03,
2018. (SCOPUS Indexed)
XV. K.Praveen Kumar, Dr. Habibulla Khan, “Design and characterization of
Optimized stacked electromagnetic band gap ground plane for low profile
patch antennas” International journal of pure and applied mathematics,
Vol 118, No. 20, 2018, 4765-4776. (SCOPUS Indexed)
XVI. Kosuru Murthy, Kodidasu Umakantham, Korlapati Satyanarayana
Murthy, Reconfigurable Notch Band Monopole Slot Antenna for
WLAN/IEEE-802.11n Applications, International Journal of Intelligent
Engineering and Systems, ISSN: 2185-3118, Vol 10, No 6, Oct-2017, pp
166-173.
XVII. K S R Murthy, K Umakantham, K S N Murthy, U-Shaped Slotted
Reconfigurable Monopole with WIMAX Band Notching, Journal of
Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems, Vol 9, Issue 14,
2017, pp 1911-1919.

XVIII. Lai, M., T. W. J. Hsieh, and C. W. S. Jeng, Design of reconfigurable
antennas based on an L-shaped slot and PIN diodes for compact wireless
devices, IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, Vol. 3, No. 1, 47-54,
2009.
XIX. M. Ajay Babu, B. Mohan Reddy, R. Divya Chaitanya, T. Satish and T.
Anilkumar, A Dual-Polarization Reconfigurable Antenna with Beam
Switching Characteristics For S-Band Applications, ARPN Journal of
Engineering and Applied Sciences, ISSN 1819-6608, Vol. 12, No. 16,
Aug 2017, pp 4841-4847.
XX. M. Ajay Babu, P. Farhana Banu, G. Harsha Sai Teja, P. Prashanth, K. L.
Yamini, Octagonal Shaped Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Wi-Fi
and Wi-MAX Applications, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering,
ISSN: 1876-1100, Vol 471, 2018, pp 581-588, doi.org/10.1007/978-981-
10-7329-8_59.
XXI. M Ajay Babu, M Venkateswara Rao, Design and Analysis of Stepped
Reconfigurable Rectangular Patch Antenna for LTE, Vehicular and Ultra
Wideband Applications, International Journal of Engineering and
Technology, Vol 7, Issue 1.1, 2018, pp 548-553.
XXII. P Pardhasaradhi, T Anilkumar, Design of Compact Reconfigurable
Antenna with Triple Band Switchable Characteristics, International
Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol 7, Issue 1.1, 2018, pp 554-
559.
XXIII. T V Ramakrishna, N Kiran, B Sravani, N Vamsi and K L Yamini,
Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Ku-Band Applications, ARPN
Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, ISSN: 1819-6608, Vol. 12,
No. 22, 2017, pp 6527-6532.
XXIV. U Ramya, M Ajay Babu, M Venkateswara Rao, Double Notch
Reconfigurable Monopole Antenna with Stub Loaded DGS, International
Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Vol 117, No. 18, 2017, pp 97-
103
XXV. Vamseekrishna.A, Y. Nagarjuna, S. Lakshmi Manasa, V. Mourya, Y.
Yaswant, Reconfigurable Notch Band Antenna Using PIN Diodes, Journal
of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems, Vol 9, Issue
14, 2017, pp 1746-1754.
XXVI. Yuvraj Baburao Dhanade, K Sreelakshmi, Pronami Bora, Mona Mudliar,
Frequency Reconfigurable Dual Band Antenna for Wireless
Communications, Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and
Control Systems, Vol 9, Issue 14, 2017, pp 2328-2345.

View Download

Abstract:

Home automation system (HAS) finds its applications and become popular worldwide now a days. It makes the life easier and flexible and also guarantees a security to the user. HAS has the capability to control the home appliances such as fans, light etc. That is operated at 230 V A.C. These appliances can be controlled through a simple voice command. HAS gives the feedback to the user and hence a virtual environment has been created between them. This virtual environment feels to the user and he is talking to the other person. This concept is not popular in developing nations as compared to the developed because of its cost. This is decision based interative system so these are heavily coded. The proposed methodology gives the VCHAS based on ZigBee and Wi-Fi network both are incorporated through a joint gateway. The attempt to control the appliances without any physical efforts by the user makes the approach more dependable, friendly and interactive, makes it more authentic and realistic in nature.

Keywords:

Home Automation,BitVoicer,Zigbee,Wifi,Home appliances,

Refference:

I. Abhay Kumar, Neha Tiwari “Efficient smart home automation system”
International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Research (IJESR) vol.3
No. 1 January 2015.
II. *1Muhammad Aamir Aman, 2Hamza Umar Afridi, 3Muhammad
Zulqarnain Abbasi, 4Akhtar Khan, 5Muhammad Salman. Power Generation
from Piezoelectric Footstep Technique 1,2,3,4,5 Department of Electrical
Engineering, Iqra National University, Pakistan Email:
aamiraman@inu.edu.pk *Corresponding author: Muhammad AamirAman,
E-mail: aamiraman@inu.edu.pkJ.Mech.Cont.& Math. Sci., Vol.-13, No.-4,
September-October (2018) Pages 67-72 67
III. 1Muhammad Aamir Aman, 2Muhammad Zulqarnain Abbasi, 3Akhtar
Khan, 4Waleed Jan, 5Mehr-e-Munir Power Generator Automation, Monitoring and Protection System 1,2,3,4,5 Department of Electrical Engineering, Iqra National University, Pakistan Email:mehre.
munir@inu.edu.pk *Corresponding author: Mehr-e-Munir, E-mail:
mehre.munir@inu.edu.pkJ.Mech.Cont.& Math. Sci., Vol.-13, No.-4,
September-October (2018) Pages 122-133 122

IV. Mitali Pati!, Ashwini Bedare, Varsha Pachame of Computer Engineering,
University of Pune, India, “The design and implementation of voice
controlled wireless intelligent home automation system based on ZigBee”,
International Journal of Advanced Research In Computer Science Software
Engineering,ISSN:2277128X,Vol.3,No.4,April2013.
V. *1Muhammad Aamir Aman, 2Muhammad Zulqarnain Abbasi, 3Hamza
Umar Afridi, 4Khushal Muhammad, 5Mehr-e-MunirPrevailing Pakistan’s
Energy Crises.1,2,3,4,5 Department of Electrical Engineering, Iqra National
University, Pakistan Email: aamiraman@inu.edu.pk *Corresponding
author: Muhammad AamirAman, E-mail:
aamiraman@inu.edu.pkJ.Mech.Cont.& Math. Sci., Vol.-13, No.-4,
September-October (2018) Pages 147-154
VI. Md. Raihaan ,Md. Aiman and Md. Yusof “Low cost smart home
automation via Microsoft speech recognition” , International journal of
Engineering and computer science IJECS and IJENS Vol. 13, No. 03, pp6-
11 , June 2013.
VII. *Muhammad Aamir Aman, 2Muhammad Zulqarnain Abbasi, 3Murad Ali,
4Akhtar Khan.To Negate the influences of Un-deterministic Dispersed
Generation on Interconnection to the Distributed System considering Power
Losses of the system 1 Department of Electrical Engineering, Iqra National
University, Pakistan Email : aamiraman@inu.edu.pk *Corresponding
author: Muhammad Aamir Aman, E-mail: aamiraman@inu.edu.pk
J.Mech.Cont.& Math. Sci., Vol.-13, No.-3, July-August (2018) Pages 117-
132 117
VIII. *1 Muhammad Aamir Aman, 2Muhammad Zulqarnain Abbasi, 3Hamza
Umar Afridi, 4Mehr-e-Munir, 5 Jehanzeb Khan. Photovoltaic (PV) System
Feasibility for UrmarPayan a Rural Cell Sites in Pakistan Department of
Electrical Engineering, Iqra National University, Pakistan. Email:
aamiraman@inu.edu.pk *Corresponding author: Muhammad AamirAman,
E-mail: aamiraman@inu.edu.pkJ.Mech.Cont.& Math. Sci., Vol.-13, No.-3,
July-August (2018) Pages 173-179 173
IX. S. AllU’utha, S. Aravind, Ansu Mathew, R. Swathyugathan, Rajasree and
S. Priyalakshmi ,”Speech Recognition Based Wireless Automation of Home
Loads- E Home”, International Journal of Engineering Science and
hmovative Technology(lJESIT), ISSN: 2319-5967, Vol.4, No. I, January
2015.

View Download

Abstract:

Space and time are the necessary conditions for sustaining the Universe whereas mass and energy are the sufficient conditions for sustaining the Universe. All conditions are in almost balanced state but not in absolute balanced state. Little imbalance is maintained by the Universe to sustain the Universe as the way it is now. That is why, the Universe is almost peaceful, but not absolute peaceful. Only we can attain an absolute peaceful Universe by stopping the time in the forward direction (positive direction, the way it is now). The rate of change of anything in time is called evolution. If time stops running, everything will be at absolute rest without any evolution. This is a theoretical abstract idea only because it has no practicality or feasibility in the present state of the Universe. Speed is a function of space and time. It can be easily shown that time is a sinusoid and it loses its frequency of oscillations with the interaction with mass which increases time period, which can be termed as time dilation. The time period is extremely large of time, and the peak of the temporal magnitude is extremely low. Thus, frequency is extremely low. This is the reason, there are hardly any differences of time on Earth compare to free space. Even the astronomical body has very negligible effect on the time period or frequency of time. But time period gets larger with effect of mass, thus, time slows down (due to time dilation), which implies that frequency decreases little bit due to the effect of mass on time. Due to the slight variation in magnitude in a very low frequency sinusoid (time), time runs in the forward direction, as it is now in the present Universe. Thus, space and time are the necessary conditions for sustaining the Universe whereas mass and energy are only sufficient conditions for sustaining the Universe, the way it is now. All these four entities are the key for the Universe to get the present shape, the way it is now. Any change in one condition can lead the Universe to entire different shape with compare to the present shape. Thus, the Universe is at knife edge accuracy but not at absolute accuracy. Any one condition can be smoothly transformed into the others and vice versa.

Keywords:

The space and time,The mass and energy,Time dilation,Low frequency sinusoid,The necessary and sufficient conditions,The knife edge accuracy,

Refference:

I. Stephen Hawking, “The Beginning of Time”, A Lecture.
II. Roger Penrose, “Cycles of Time”, Vintage Books, London, pp. 50-56.
III. Stephen Hawking, “A Briefer History of Time”, Bantam Books, London, pp.
1-49.
IV. Stephen Hawking, “Black holes and Baby Universes and other essays”,
Bantam Press, London 2013, ISBN 978-0-553-40663-4
V. Stephen Hawking, “The Grand Design”, Bantam Books, London 2011
VI. Stephen Hawking, “A Brief History of Time”, Bantam Books, London 2011,
pp. 156-157. ISBN-978-0-553-10953-5
VII. Stephen Hawking, “The Universe in a Nutshell”, Bantam Press, London
2013, pp. 58-61, 63, 82-85, 90-94, 99, 196. ISBN 0-553-80202-X
VIII. Stephen Hawking, “A stubbornly persistent illusion-The essential
scientific works of Albert Einstein”, Running Press Book Publishers,
Philadelphia, London 2011.
IX. Stephen Hawking, “Stephen Hawking’s Universe: Strange Stuff Explained”,
PBS site on imaginary time.

View Download

Abstract:

In this paper, we analyzed the basic properties and related theorems of generalized Jordan right derivations on prime and semiprime 𝛤-rings with their mathematical simulation. We mainly focused on the characterizations of 2 free prime and semiprime 𝛤-rings by using Jordan Right Derivations. Important propositions and theorems related to generalized Jordan right derivation on prime and semiprime 𝛤-ring have been derived here with sufficient calculations. Our main objective is to prove the theorem that if 𝑀 be a 2-torsion free 𝛤-ring having a commutator right non-Zero divisor which satisfies the condition 𝑎𝛼𝑏𝛽𝑐 = 𝑎𝛽𝑏𝛼𝑐 for all 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 ∈ 𝑀 and 𝛼, 𝛽 ∈ 𝛤and if𝐷: 𝑀 → 𝑀 be a generalized Jordan right derivation and 𝑑: 𝑀 → 𝑀 be its associated Jordan right derivation then 𝐷 is a generalized right derivation on 𝑀.

Keywords:

Γ-Rings,Prime Γ-Rings,Semiprime Γ-Rings,Generalized Derivation,Generalized right derivation,Generalized Jordan Right Derivation,

Refference:

I. N. Nobusawa, On the generalization of the ring theory, Osaka J. Math., 1(1964),
81-89.
II. W.E. Barnes, On the Γ-rings of Nobusawa, Pacific J. Math. 18(1966), 411-422.
III. A.C. Paul and Md. Mizanor Rahman, Jordan left derivations on semiprime
gamma rings, Int. J. Pure Appl. Sci. Technol., 6(2) (2011), 131-135.

IV. M. Soyturk, The commutativity of prime gamma rings with derivation, Turk. J.
Math. 18 (1999), 149-155.
V. M. M. Rahman and A. C. Paul, Derivations on Lie Ideals of Completely
Semiprime Γ-Rings, Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 27(1): 51-61, 2014 (June).
VI. M. M. Rahman and A. C. Paul, Generalized Derivations on Lie ideals of
Completely Semiprime Γ-Rings, Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 27(1): 87-98, 2014
(June).
VII Y. Ceven, Jordan left derivations on completely prime Γ-ring, C.U. Fen-
Edebiyat Fakultesi Fen BilimlereDergisi, 23(2), 2002, 39-43.
VIII. Mustafa Asci and SahinCeran, The commutativity in prime gamma rings with
left derivation, International Mathematical Forum, 2(3) (2007), 103-108.
IX. M. Sapanci and A. Nakajima, Jordan derivations on completely prime gamma
rings, Math. Japonica, 46(1) (1997), 47-51.
X. A. K. Halder, A. C. Paul, Jordan Left Derivations on Lie Ideals of Prime Γ-rings,
Punjab University Journal of Mathematics (2011).

View Download

Abstract:

In this paper, thermal pyrolysis nanocoating technique was used to coat the brass alloy (grade B-111) of heat exchanger that used in Midland Refineries Company- Iraq. The nanocoating specifications and surface characterization have been made by using many measuring techniques; Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). From AFM results, it was observed that the particle size of nanocoated brass substrate was 70 nm. From XRD results it was showed high crystalline thin films. On the other hand, the SEM results showed good smooth surface morphology films. The corrosion behavior of with and without nanocoated brass tubes achieved by study the open circuit potential, corrosion current density and corrosion potential which are used to determine the corrosion rates in 3.5M of sodium chloride solution. The results indicated that nanocoated substrate showed insignificant weight losses in comparison to that of uncoated substrate. So minimum weight loss with CuO nanocoating with thermal pyrolysis technique at 0.04M was 2.5*10-2 mm/year.

Keywords:

Heat exchangers,Petroleum refinery,corrosion,Nano-coating,

Refference:

I. B. D. Hall, D. Zanchet and D. Ugarte ; Estimating nanoparticle size from
diffraction measurements , Journal of Applied Crystallography, Volume 33,
Part 6 (December 2000).
II. D. Jones ,”principle and prevention of corrosion “, prentice-Hall (1996).
III. E.Nun, M. Oles, B. Schleich, Macromol.Symp. 2002, 187, 677–682.
IV. F.Z. Chafi1*, A. Hadri1, C. Nassiri1, B. Fares1, L. Laanab1, N. Hassanain1,
A. Mzerd1,” UndopedCuO deposited by Spray Pyrolysis technique” J. Mater.
Environ. Sci. 7 170-175,ISSN : 2028-2508, (2016).
V. Hassan Al-HajIbrahim, “Fouling in heat exchangers”, MATLAB – A
Fundamental Tool for Scientific Computing and Engineering Applications,
Vol. 3, http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/46462, (2012).
VI. Hussein Y. Mahmood, Khalid A. Sukkar, Wasan K. Mikhelf“Corrosion
reduction for brass alloy by using different nano-coated techniques’’ISSN
(Online) : 2454 -7190 Vol.-14, No.-3, May-June ,J. Mech. Cont.& Math.
Sci.,pp 30-46 ISSN (Print) 0973-8975,(2019)

VII. K.Chang, Tiny is Beautiful, Translating“Nano”into Practical, The New York
Times (2005).
VIII. L.Pastorello and A.Bonanno, “application of nano-structured coatings to the
heat transfer surface of heat exchangers”, the fourteenth scandinavian inter.
conf. on fluid power, at tampere, (2015).
IX. M. A.Mostafa, “Fouling of Heat Transfer Surfaces”, Mansoura University,
Faculty of Engineering, Mech. Power Eng. Dept., University Campus STeP
(2011)
X. National Science and Technology Council US, The National Nanotechnology
Initiative, Supplement to the President’s Budget, (2006).
www.ostp.gov/nstc/index.html
XI. N.Taniguchi, “On the Basic Concept of ‘Nano-Technology”, Proc. Intl. Conf.
Prod. Eng. Tokyo, Part II, Japan Society of Precision Engineering, (1974).
XII. Parkin, I. P., R. G. Palgrave, J. Mater.Chem. 2005, 15(17), 1689–1695.
XIII. S. A. Ajeel, M. A.Abdulkareem, Zamen KARM,” Titanium oxide nanotube
arrays used in implant materials” U.P.B. Sci. Bull., Series B, Vol. 76, Iss. 2,
2014.
XIV. T., Fontana M. and Greene N.,” Corrosion Engineering”, International student
hird edition, McGraw Hill,(1984).

View Download

Abstract:

When dealing with multivariate data with higher dimensions, we often use principal component analysis (PCA) to lessen the dimensions, but in the case of nonlinear data it is not possible to deal with classic estimated because of obtaining misleading results and therefore using kernel methods , when data contain outliers the results of the kernel pca (KPCA) for correlation matrix or variance covariance matrix are inaccurate. The aim of this research is to employ Robust KPCA (RKPCA) to solve nonlinear data using kernel function and outlier observation using Robust method termed as FastHCS (High-dimensional Congruent Subsets) that stands for a robust PCA algorithm appropriate for high-dimensional appliances to know the most effect variables on the phenomenon.

Keywords:

High-dimensional data,outlier detection,kernel principal component analysis(KPCA),FastHCS (High-dimensional Congruent Subsets),

Refference:

I. Fan J, Chow TW. Exactly Robust Kernel Principal Component
Analysis. IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems.
2019 Apr 29.
II. Hall P,Marshall D, Martin R. Adding and subtracting eigenspaces with
eigenvalue decomposition and singular value decomposition. Image
and Vision Computing. (2002):1009-1016.
III. Huang HH, Yeh YR. An iterative algorithm for robust kernel principal
component analysis. Neurocomputing. 2011 Nov 1;74(18):3921-30.
IV. Lee JM, Yoo C, Choi SW, Vanrolleghem PA, Lee IB. Nonlinear
process monitoring using kernel principal component analysis.
Chemical engineering science. 2004 Jan 1;59(1):223-34.
V. Lu C, Zhang T, Zhang R, Zhang C. Adaptive robust kernel PCA
algorithm. In2003 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech,
and Signal Processing, 2003. Proceedings.(ICASSP’03). 2003 Apr 6
(Vol. 6, pp. VI-621). IEEE.
VI. Mika S, Schölkopf B, Smola AJ, Müller KR, Scholz M, Rätsch G.
Kernel PCA and de-noising in feature spaces. InAdvances in neural
information processing systems 1999 (pp. 536-542).
VII. Neil HT. Applied multivariate analysis. Board.(NY, USA), Springer,
(2002). Lekaa Ali Muhamed et al. 303
VIII. PITOY C. EMPIRICAL STUDY ON BANDWIDTH
OPTIMIZATION FOR KERNEL PCA IN THE K-MEANS
CLUSTERING OF NON-LINEARLY SEPARABLE DATA. Journal
of Theoretical & Applied Information Technology. 2017 Oct 31;95(20).
IX. Samuel RT, Cao Y. Nonlinear process fault detection and identification
using kernel PCA and kernel density estimation. Systems Science &
Control Engineering. 2016 Jan 1;4(1):165-74.
X. 8Schölkopf B, Smola A, Müller KR. Nonlinear component analysis as
a kernel eigenvalue problem. Neural computation. 1998 Jul
1;10(5):1299-319.
XI. Shams MA. Fault Identification using Kernel Principle Component
Analysis. IFAC Proceedings Volumes. 2011 Jan 1;44(1):4320-5.
XII. Schmitt E, Vakili K. The FastHCS algorithm for robust PCA. Statistics
and Computing. 2016 Nov 1;26(6):1229-42.
XIII. Schmitt E, Vakili K. Finding multivariate outliers with FastPCS.
Computational Statistics & Data Analysis. 2014 Jan 1;69:54-66.
XIV. Wu W, Massart DL, De Jong S. The kernel PCA algorithms for wide
data. Part I: theory and algorithms. Chemometrics and Intelligent
Laboratory Systems. 1997 Apr 1;36(2):165-72.

View Download

Abstract:

Internet of things is a concept that associate world with tech-systems to communicate in a manner that is easy and automated. Over past decade the idea became true focus for researchers and industrial domains. IOT is a technology of future that is rapidly growing every day with perceptions, providing humans control and update of things. The awareness of devices interaction and communication is coming from years but still struggling to be accepted by industries and organization due to lack of standardization. This study addresses IOT platforms limitations and interoperability challenges through reviewing scholarly papers. Also internet of things history and cloud computing role in IOT are briefly described.

Keywords:

Internet of Things,Interoperability,Cross domain,Framework,RFID,

Refference:

I. A. Gyrard, C. Bonnet, K. Boudaoud and M. Serrano, “Assisting IoT Projects
and Developers in Designing Interoperable Semantic Web of Things
Applications,” 2015 IEEE International Conference on Data Science and
Data Intensive Systems, Dec 2015.

II. A. Gyrard, S. K. Datta, C. Bonnet and K. Boudaoud, “A Semantic Engine for
Internet of Things: Cloud, Mobile Devices and Gateways,” 2015 9thInternational
Conference on Innovative Mobile and Internet Services in Ubiquitous
Computing, 8-10 July 2015.
III. A. Gyrard, S. K. Datta, C. Bonnet and K. Boudaoud, “Cross-Domain Internet of
Things Application Development: M3 Framework and Evaluation,” 3rd
International Conference on Future Internet of Things and Cloud, 24-26 August
2015.
IV. In Lee and K. Lee, “The Internet of Things (IoT): Applications, investments, and
challenges for enterprises,” Business Horizons, vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 431-440, July-
August 2015.
V. J. Mineraud, O. Mazhelisb, X. Suc and S. Tarkomaa, “A gap analysis of Internetof-
Things platforms,” Computer Communications, Vols. 89-90, pp. 5-16, March
2016.
VI. K.E. Psannis, S. Xinogalos and A. Sifaleras, “Convergence of Internet of things
and mobile cloud computing,” Systems Science & Control Engineering, vol. 2,
no. 1, pp. 476-483, May 2014.
VII. L. D. Xu, Wu He and S. Li, “Internet of Things in Industries: A Survey,” IEEE
Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 2233 – 2243,
November 2014.
VIII. M. Aazam, I. Khan, A. A. Alsaffar and E.-N. Huh, “Cloud of Things: Integrating
Internet of Things with Cloud Computing and the Issues Involved,” in
Proceedings of 2014 11th International Bhurban Conference on Applied
Sciences & Technology (IBCAST) Islamabad, Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan,
2014.
IX. M. H. F. A. P. E. K. C. Mavropoulos O., “Apparatus: Reasoning About Security
Requirements in the Internet of Things,” Advanced Information Systems
Engineering Workshops, vol. 249, pp. 219-230, June 2016.
X. P. S. V. Daniel, V. and R. A. , “A state of the art review on the Internet of Things
(IoT) history, technology and fields of deployment,” in International Conference
on Science, Engineering and Management Research (ICSEMR 2014), Chennai,
India, 2014.
XI. Q. Zhang, L. Cheng and R. Boutaba, “Cloud computing: state-of-the-art and
research challenges,” Journal of Internet Services and Applications, vol. 1, no. 1,
pp. 7-18, April 2010.
XII. S. Lee, J. (. Jeong and J. Park, “DNS Name Autoconfiguration for IoT Home
Devices,” 2015 IEEE 29th International Conference on Advanced Information
Networking and Applications Workshops, pp. 131-134, April 2015.
XIII. S. Madakam, R. R. and S. Tripathi, “Internet of Things (IoT): A Literature
Review,” Journal of Computer and Communications, pp. 164-173, January 2015.
XIV Z. Song, A. A. Cardenas and R. Masuoka, “Semantic Middleware for the Internet
of Things,” 2010 Internet of Things (IOT), 30 Dec 2010.

View Download

Abstract:

Wireless communication is simply data communication without the use of landlines. This may include cell phone, two-way radio, fixed remote (broadband remote), laser (free space optics) or satellite correspondences. Portable remote innovations are going to go about as paste towards uniting the wired and remote to share and appropriate data consistently over one another's territories of reference. The paper right off the bat presents the remote correspondences and after that changes to fourth era in remote interchanges. The paper at that point talks about High Altitude Airships, the "STRATELLITES" which are really unmanned Kelvar inflatables loaded up with helium which are utilized rather than towers for remote correspondence, every one of which supplant several towers and decrease the expense of remote interchanges. They likewise conquer the detriment of straightforward towers which couldn't give appropriate inclusion in the bumpy zones.

Keywords:

Wireless communication,Stratellite,

Refference:

I. howstuffworks.com
II. 21st Century Airships, Inc., High Altitude Platforms, at
http://www.21stcenturyairships.com/
III. Geostationary Orbits, in Wikpedia, at
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geostationary_orbit (last accessed Sept. 28, 2004).
IV. TWUF, Broadband Takes to the Skiesrt Techdirt, Get Your Wireless
Broadband By Stratellite,

View Download

Abstract:

This study investigates money laund erring due to electronic currencies like bitcoin. Currently, electronic currency is a new methodofoutgoings and eachcountryadopts in a different way how to apportion with it. Nonetheless, new technologies offer us new likelihoodsinour life for unspecifieddealings as payments for online shopping andcertainlythey canbeusedinillicit actions as in money launderingand terrorism financing. Moreover, unrecognizability is the foremost characteristics of electronic currency which aids to disappear the income source. This is the problematic issue for developed and developing countries for the reason that they should fight such at hreatas money legalizing and terrorism financing. Consequently, this paper reviews and surveys the methods of these doubtful operations that can be used for money laundering by bitcoins and how to overcome or restrict these unlawful operations technical issues.

Keywords:

Virtual Money Laundry,Bitcoin,Transaction,Financial Monitoring,

Refference:

I. Beginning Bitcoin Trading on Peer-to-Peer Sites vs Centralized
Exchanges, [website], (accessed23February2018).
https://medium.com/@kareninsf2/beginning – bitcoin-trading-on-peer-topeer-
sites-vs-centralized-exchanges-6119c057fda9
II. S. Boland A. Cerić, Bitcoin-a sustainable means of payment? A
transaction cost an alysis of Bitcoin compared to traditional means of
payment, Master Thesis, LinköpingUniversity,2014.
III. Beyond Bitcoin: How Blockchain Is Changing Banking,
[website],(accessed23February2018).https://www.barrons.com/articles/be
yond-bitcoin-how-blockchain-is-changing-banking-1498890463
IV. DIANA MERGENOVNA SAT, et.al, Investigation of Money Laundering
Methods through Cryptocurrency, Journal of Theoretical and Applied
Information Technology, Vol.83. No.2, 2016.
V. D.L. K. Chuen, Handbook of Digital Currency: Bitcoin, Innovation,
Financial Instruments, and Big Data, 1st edition, Nikki Levy Publisher,
2015.
VI. D. Baath, How to combat money laundering in Bitcoin? , An institutional
and game theoretic approach to anti-money laundering prevention
measures aimed at Bitcoin, MSc Thesis, Linköpings University,2016
VII. Feng Yun, Yan Chang, Yang Dong-mei, Zhang Jing-jing. Detection and
supervision for money laundering in ecommerce based on third party
online payment [J]. Systems Engineering Theory and Practice, 2008(12):
60-69.

VIII. Frequently Asked Questions-Find answers to recurring questions and
myths about Bitcoin, [website], (accessed23February2018).
IX. Luo Xufang. In the Electronic bank service’s money laundering with
instead launders money [J]. Financial computerization, 2008(12): 48-49.
X. U.S. Department of State , International Crime Control Report, 1999,
Money Laundering and Financial Crimes, 599.
XI. Xu Shihai, Gao Yunfei, Huang Cheng, Ji Ming. The electron means of
payment money laundering question discusses Accountant [J]. Financial
Accounting, 2008(02): 40-43.

View Download

Abstract:

Cosmological observations show that the cosmos has almost flat space geometry and is located in a spatial expansion phase. The accelerated expansion of the cosmology has been proven by the observable data. In the framework of standard cosmology, such expansion requires the presence of an unknown dominant energy component called dark energy. Dark energy is responsible for the accelerated expansion of the cosmos and has anti-graphetic effects. The discovery of the nature of dark energy in modern cosmology and the physical theory in the past decade has been a major challenge. Despite the theoretical problems in recognizing dark energy, there are many very strong and independent observational reasons for its presence. In view of the existence of a parallel universe, infinity is bounded infinitely to the infinite direction of the sphere. In general, it can be concluded that the factor of momentum is the momentum moving in the dimension of space. Another result of the existence of parallel universes is the equivalence of the three dimensions of space, and not only from the far side, we can imagine a three dimensional object two dimensional, or even one-dimensional, or even a point, but in reality it is the same. A new model of the universe that justifies the transition of the entire cosmos along a straight line. This transition movement has begun since the start of the Big Bang and has continued along with the expansionary and infinite expansion of the universe. The straight line is the height of a cone to the inside of the x-axis and to move this transition inside this cone from the x-axis to its base.

Keywords:

Big Bang,Modern cosmology theory,Inflation,Transition,

Refference:

I. Austin Joyce; et al. “Beyond the Cosmological Standard Model”. Physics
Reports. 568: 1–98, 2015.
II. Carroll, Sean. “The cosmological constant”. Living Reviews in Relativity 4.
Retrieved 2006-09-28, 2001.

III. Clavin, Whitney. “NASA Technology Views Birth of the Universe”. NASA,
2014.
IV. Dicke, Robert H.; P. J. E. Peebles. “The big bang cosmology – enigmas and
nostrums”. In S. W. Hawking; W. Israel (eds.). General Relativity: an
Einstein Centenary Survey. Cambridge University Press, 1979.
V. J. Moffat. “Superluminary Universe: A Possible Solution to the Initial Value
Problem in Cosmology”. International Journal of Modern Physics D. 2(3):
351–366, 1993.
VI. Jungman, Gerard; Kamionkowski, Marc; Griest, Kim. “Supersymmetric dark
matter”. Physics Reports. 267 (5–6): 195–373, 1996.
VII. Lemaître, Georges. “The expanding universe”. Annales de la Société
Scientifique de Bruxelles. 47A: 49., English in Gen. Rel. Grav.29:641–680,
1997.
VIII. Linde, Andrei; Fischler, W. “Prospects of Inflation”. Physica
Scripta. 117 (T117): 40–48, 2005.
IX. Loeb; Barkana. “In the Beginning: The First Sources of Light and the
Reionization of the Universe”. Physics Reports. 349 (2): 125–238. 2011.
X. Melia, Fulvio.”The Cosmic Horizon”. Monthly Notices of the Royal
Astronomical Society. 382 (4): 1917–1921, 2008.
XI. Melia, Fulvio; et al. “The Cosmological Spacetime”. International Journal of
Modern Physics D. 18 (12): 1889–1901, 2009.
XII. Merritt, David. “Cosmology and convention”. Studies in History and
Philosophy of Science Part B. 57 (2017): 41–52, 2017.
XIII. Misner, Charles W.; Coley, A A; Ellis, G F R; Hancock, M. “The isotropy of
the universe”. Astrophysical Journal. 151 (2): 431, 1968.
XIV. Overbye, Dennis. “Space Ripples Reveal Big Bang’s Smoking Gun”. The
New York Times, 2004 .
XV. Overbye, Dennis. “Ripples From the Big Bang”. The New York Times, 2014.
XVI. Peebles, P. J. E. and Ratra, Bharat.”The cosmological constant and dark
energy”. Reviews of Modern Physics 75 (2): 559–606, 2003.
XVII. Steinhardt, Paul J. “The inflation debate: Is the theory at the heart of modern
cosmology deeply flawed?” Scientific American. 304 (4): 18–25, 2011.
XVIII. Trimble, V. “Existence and nature of dark matter in the universe”. Annual
Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 25: 425–472, 1987.
XIX. Tyson, Neil de Grasse and Donald Goldsmith. “Origins: Fourteen Billion
Years of Cosmic Evolution”, W. W. Norton & Co., 84–95, 2004.
XX. Weinberg, Steven. Gravitation and Cosmology. John Wiley. pp. 740, 815,
1971.

View Download

Abstract:

The term forecast stands for predictions of future events and conditions. The process of making such predictions is called forecasting. The main purpose of forecasting is to meet future requirements, reduce unexpected cost and provide a potential input to decision making regarding electrical power production and dispatch. In operating a power system, the mission of the utility/company, from the forecasting point of view, is to match demand for electric energy with available supply. This leads to the fact that a major objective of any power company is accurately predicting future loads. In this research, medium term electrical load forecasting for Peshawar region is studied using Lanczos Bidiagonalization with Singular Value Decomposition. Here, electrical hourly loads are processed in three steps. A polynomial fit is performed to access the non-linear trend of the hourly loads of each year. This is followed by applying the SVD method to the difference between the hourly loads and their trend. SVD serves to extract both the cyclic and the random components of the numerical data. Finally, prediction is done using matrix completion via Lanczos Bidiagonalization.

Keywords:

electrical load forecasting,Lanczos Bidiagonalization,SVD method,

Refference:

I. H. M Al-Hamadi and S. A. Soliman. “Long-term/mid-term electric load
forecasting based on short-term correlation and annual growth.” Electric
power systems research 74, no. 3 (2015): 353-361
II. N.Abu-Shikhah. F.Elkarmi. “Medium-term electric load forecasting using
singular value decomposition.” Energy 36, no. 7 (2011): 4259-4271.
III. Paterek, Arkadiusz. “Improving regularized singular value decomposition
for collaborative filtering.” In Proceedings of KDD cup and workshop, vol.
2017, pp. 5-8. 2007.
IV. S. Miloš, M.Božić, Z.Stajić, and M.Milošević. “LS-SVM model for
electrical load prediction based on incremental training set
update.” PrzeglądElektrotechniczn 4 (2013): 195-199
V. X. Changhao, J. Wang, and K. McMenemy. “Short, medium and long term
load forecasting model and virtual load forecaster based on radial basis
function neural networks.” International Journal of Electrical Power &
Energy Systems 32, no. 7 (2010): 743-750.

View Download

Abstract:

On-chip interconnects are the exhibition bottleneck in current framework onchips. Code-division numerous entrance (CDMA) has been proposed to actualize onchip crossbars because of its fixed inertness, decreased intervention overhead, and higher data transfer capacity. In this paper, we advance over-burden CDMA interconnect (OCI) to improve the limit of CDMA arrange on-chip (NoC) crossbars by expanding the quantity of usable spreading codes. Sequential OCI and P-OCI design variations are introduced to cling to various region, postponement, and power necessities. Contrasted and the customary CDMA crossbar, on a Xilinx Artix-7 AC701 FPGA pack, the sequential OCI crossbar accomplishes 100% higher transfer speed, 31% less asset usage, and 45% power sparing, while the parallel OCI crossbar accomplishes N times higher data transmission contrasted and the sequential OCI crossbar to the detriment of expanded zone and power utilization. Further to build the speed of OCI crossbar we are actualizing Han Carlson viper instead of parallel snake engineering. This sort of augmentation brings about High speed P-OCI and sequential OCI contrast with proposed P-OCI and sequential OCI models individually.

Keywords:

Highspeed,Delay,Code division multipleaxes interconnect Network on chip (NOC) NOC Physical,

Refference:

I. B. C. C. Lai, P. Schaumont, and I. Verbauwhede, “CT-bus: A
heterogeneous CDMA/TDMA bus for future SOC,” in Proc. Conf.
Rec. 35th Asilomar Conf. Signals, Syst. Comput., vol. 2. Nov. 2004,
pp. 1868–1872.
II. D. Kim, K. Lee, S.-J. Lee, and H.-J. Yoo, “A reconfigurable
crossbar switch with adaptive bandwidth control for networks-onchip,”
in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Circuits Syst. (ISCAS), May 2005,
pp. 2369–2372.
III. K. Asanovic et al., “The landscape of parallel computing research:
A view from berkeley,” Dept. EECS, Univ. California, Berkeley,
CA, USA, Tech. Rep. UCB/EECS-2006-183, 2006.
IV. K. E. Ahmed and M. M. Farag, “Overloaded CDMA bus topology
for MPSoC interconnect,” in Proc. Int. Conf. ReConFigurable
Comput. FPGAs (ReConFig), Dec. 2014, pp. 1–7.
IV. K. E. Ahmed and M. M. Farag, “Enhanced overloaded CDMA
interconnect (OCI) bus architecture for on-chip communication,” in
Proc. IEEE 23rd Annu. Symp. High-Perform. Interconnects (HOTI),
Aug. 2015, pp. 78–87.
V. K.Praveen Kumar, Kumaraswamy Gajula “Fractal Array antenna
Design for C-Band Applications”, International Journal of
Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE),
Volume-8 Issue-8 June, 2019 (SCOPUS Indexed)
VI. K.Praveen Kumar, “Active Switchable Band-Notched UWB Patch
Antenna”, International Journal of Innovative Technology and
Exploring Engineering (IJITEE), Volume-8 Issue-8 June, 2019
(SCOPUS Indexed)
VII. K.Praveen Kumar, “Circularly Polarization of Edge-Fed Square
Patch Antenna using Truncated Technique for WLAN Applications”, International Journal of Innovative Technology and
Exploring Engineering (IJITEE), Volume-8 Issue-8 June, 2019
(SCOPUS Indexed)
IX. K.Praveen Kumar, “Triple Band Edge Feed Patch Antenna; Design
and Analysis”, International Journal of Innovative Technology and
Exploring Engineering (IJITEE), Volume-8 Issue-8 June, 2019
(SCOPUS Indexed)
X. K.Praveen Kumar, Dr. Habibulla Khan “Optimization of EBG
structure for mutual coupling reduction in antenna arrays; a
comparitive study” International Journal of engineering and
technology, Vol-7, No-3.6, Special issue-06, 2018. page 13- 20.
(SCOPUS Indexed)
XI. K.Praveen Kumar, Dr. Habibulla Khan “Active PSEBG structure
design for low profile steerable antenna applications” Journal of
advanced research in dynamical and control systems, Vol-10,
Special issue-03, 2018. (SCOPUS Indexed)
XII. K.Praveen Kumar, Dr. Habibulla Khan, “Design and
characterization of Optimized stacked electromagnetic band gap
ground plane for low profile patch antennas” International journal of
pure and applied mathematics, Vol 118, No. 20, 2018, 4765-4776.
(SCOPUS Indexed)
XIII. P.Bogdan, “Mathematical modeling and control of multifractal
workloads for data-center-on-a-chip optimization,” in Proc. 9th Int.
Symp. Netw.-Chip, New York, NY, USA, 2015, pp. 21:1–21:8.
XIV. R. H. Bell, C. Y. Kang, L. John, and E. E. Swartzlander, “CDMA
as a multiprocessor interconnect strategy,” in Proc. Conf. Rec. 35th
Asilomar Conf. Signals, Syst. Comput., vol. 2. Nov. 2001, pp.
1246–1250.
XV. S. A. Hosseini, O. Javidbakht, P. Pad, and F. Marvasti, “A review
on synchronous CDMA systems: Optimum overloaded codes,
channel capacity, and power control,” EURASIP J. Wireless
Commun. Netw., vol. 1, pp. 1–22, Dec. 2011.
XVI. S. J. Hollis, C. Jackson, P. Bogdan, and R. Marculescu, “Exploiting
emergence in on-chip interconnects,” IEEE Trans. Comput., vol. 63,
no. 3, pp. 570–582, Mar. 2014.
XVII. S. Kumar et al., “A network on chip architecture and design
methodology,” in Proc. IEEE Comput. Soc. Annu. Symp. (VLSI),
Apr. 2002, pp. 105–112.

XVIII. T. Bjerregaard and S. Mahadevan, “A survey of research and
practices of network-on-chip,” ACM Comput. Surv., vol. 38, no. 1,
2006, Art. no. 1.
XIX. T. Majumder, X. Li, P. Bogdan, and P. Pande, “NoC-enabled
multicore architectures for stochastic analysis of biomolecular
reactions,” in Proc. Design, Autom. Test Eur. Conf. Exhibit.
(DATE), San Jose, CA, USA, Mar. 2015, pp. 1102–1107.
XX. T. Nikolic, G. Djordjevic, and M. Stojcev, “Simultaneous data
transfers over peripheral bus using CDMA technique,” in Proc. 26th
Int. Conf. Microelectron. (MIEL), May 2008, pp. 437–440.
XXI. T. Nikolic, M. Stojcev, and G. Djordjevic, “CDMA bus-based
onchip interconnect infrastructure,” Microelectron. Rel., vol. 49, no.
4, pp. 448–459, Apr. 2009.
XXII. T. Nikoli´c, M. Stojˇcev, and Z. Stamenkovi´c, “Wrapper design for
a CDMA bus in SOC,” in Proc. IEEE 13th Int. Symp. Design
Diagnostics Electron. Circuits Syst. (DDECS), Apr. 2010, pp. 243–
248.
XXIII. Y. Xue and P. Bogdan, “User cooperation network coding approach
for NoC performance improvement,” in Proc. 9th Int. Symp. Netw.-
Chip, New York, NY, USA, Sep. 2015, pp. 17:1–17:8.
XXIV. Y. Xue, Z. Qian, G. Wei, P. Bogdan, C. Y. Tsui, and R.
Marculescu, “An efficient network-on-chip (NoC) based multicore
platform for hierarchical parallel genetic algorithms,” in Proc. 8th
IEEE/ACM Int. Symp. Netw.-Chip (NoCS), Sep. 2014, pp. 17–24.
XXV. Z. Qian, P. Bogdan, G. Wei, C.-Y. Tsui, and R. Marculescu, “A
trafficaware adaptive routing algorithm on a highly reconfigurable
network-onchip architecture,” in Proc. 8th IEEE/ACM/IFIP Int.
Conf. Hardw./Softw. Codesign, Syst. Synth., New York, NY, USA,
Oct. 2012, pp. 161–170.

View Download