Journal Vol – 14 No -4, August 2019

Abstract:

The constrained mechanical systems by quasi-coordinates are more universal than by generalized coordinates. In this paper, the motion equations of nonconservative singular mechanical systems by quasi-coordinates in phase space are studied. The regularization forms of Boltzmann-Hamel equations for general holonomic and nonholonomic singular mechanical systems are derived. The results show that the canonical equations expressed by quasi-coordinates and quasivelocities have a completely single structure, which do not depend on the constraints or not. The nonholonomic singular mechanical system is a natural extension of the general holonomic singular mechanical system.

Keywords:

Quasi coordinates,Singular mechanical systems,Canonical Equaitons,

Refference:

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Abstract:

In the world today computer networks have a very important position and most of the urban and national infrastructure as well as organizations are managed by computer networks, therefore, the security of these systems against the planned attacks is of great importance. Therefore, researchers have been trying to find these vulnerabilities so that after identifying ways to penetrate the system, they will provide system protection through preventive or countermeasures. SVM is considered as one of the major algorithms for intrusion detection. One of the major problems is the time of training and the need to improve its efficiency when it comes to work with large dimensions. In this research, we try to study a variety of malware and methods of intrusion detection, provide an efficient method for detecting attacks and utilizing dimension reduction. Thus, we will be able to detect attacks by carefully combining these two algorithms and pre-processes that are performed before the two on the input data. The main question raised in this study is how we can identify attacks on computer networks with the above-mentioned method. In anomalies diagnostic method, by identifying behavior as a normal behavior for the user, the host, or the whole system, any deviation from this behavior is considered as an abnormal behavior, which can be a potential occurrence of an attack. In this research, the network intrusion detection system is used by anomaly detection method that uses the SVM algorithm for classification and SVD to reduce the size. The various steps of the proposed method include pre-processing of the data set, feature selection, support vector machine, and evaluation. The NSL-KDD data set has been used to teach and test the proposed model. In this study, we inferred the intrusion detection using the SVM algorithm for classification and SVD for diminishing dimensions with no classification algorithm. And also the KNN algorithm has been compared in situations with and without diminishing dimensions and the results have shown that the proposed method has a better performance than comparable methods.

Keywords:

intrusion detection rate,computer networks,SVM,

Refference:

I. Alesh Kumar Sharma, Satyam Maheswari. Network Intrusion detection by using PCA via SMO-SVM. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Electronics Engineering (IJARCSEE). Volume 1, Issue 10, 2012.
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VI. Gunupudi Rajesh Kumar, Nimmala Mangathayaru and Gugulothu Narsimha. A feature clustering based Dimensionality reduction for intrusion Detection (FCBDR). IADIS International Journal on Computer Science and Information Systems. 12(1), 26-44, 2017.
VII. H. Om and A. Kunda, “A Hybrid System For Reducing the False Alarm Rate of Anomaly Intrusion Detection System”, in International Conference on Recent Advances in Information Technology (RAIT), Dhanbad, 2012.
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Applications, vol. 24, no. 7-8, pp. 1671-1682, 2014.
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Abstract:

Initial identification about pancreatic cancer (PC) will be a very challenging task due to particular symptoms of cancer happens only at an advanced phase & a dependable screening device to detect high danger patients. To know this challenge, a new method for decreasing the features might have been developed, tested & trained with the use of the health information of 800,114 defendants caught in the “national health interview survey (NHIS)”& Pancreatic, Colorectal, Lung, & “PLCO (ovarian cancer)” datasets, together risk of cancer might have been evaluated at a distinct level by including 18 characteristics under the recommended. The recognized “hybrid feature selection method” attained a true positive rate of 87.3 & 80.7% a true negative rate 0.86 & 0.85 for the training and testing associates, individually.

Keywords:

American Cancer Society (ACS),Machine learning (ML),Feature selection (FS),Feature extraction (FE),pancreatic cancer (PC),

Refference:

I. American Cancer Society (2017). Cancer Facts & Figures 2017. Atlanta, GA: American Cancer Society.
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10.1001/archinternmed.2010.6.
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VI. Blewett, L. A., Rivera Drew, J. A., Griffin, R., King, M. L., and Williams, K.C. W. (2017). IPUMS Health Surveys: National Health Interview Survey, Version 6.2 [dataset]. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota.
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Abstract:

Most of failures in the friction clutches occur due to the excessive heat generated due to friction between various parts, and this heat causes high temperatures leading to high thermal stresses. In the present research paper, numerical simulation had been developed using finite element method to simulate the thermal behavior of the dry friction clutch. Three-dimensional finite element model was made and analyzed using ANSYS/Workbench sofware18. The friction clutch system was firstly modeled mathematically and solved numerically to determine the transient thermal response of the clutch disc. The two fundamental methods of uniform wear and uniform pressure are assumed. The applied torque during the sliding period was constant. The temperature and heat generated were estimated for each clutch part (pressure plate, clutch disc and flywheel) using heat partition ratio. The assumptions that are inherent in the derivation of the governing equations are presented which followed up by the appropriate boundary conditions. The results show that the maximum temperature values for uniform pressure condition are greater than those for uniform wear condition. Also, the temperature value increased with time and approximately reaches the highest value at the middle of the sliding period when the applied torque is constant with time and then decreased to the final values at the end of slipping period.

Keywords:

Dry friction clutch,thermal analysis,3D FEM,

Refference:

I. Balázs Czél, Károly Váradi, Albert Albers, and Michael Mitariu, “Fe thermal analysis of aceramic clutch”, Journal of Tribology International, 42(5):714–723, 2009.
II. Belhocine, Ali, and Mostefa Bouchetara, “Thermomechanical modeling of dry contacts in automotive disc brake”, International Journal of Thermal Sciences 60:161-170, 2012.
III. Choon Yeol Lee, Il Sup Chung, and Young Suck Chai, “Finite element analysis of an automobile clutch system”, Journal Key Eng. Materials, 353-358:2707-2711, 2007.
IV. E. Mouffak, M. Bouchetara, “Transient thermal behavior of automotive dry clutch discs by using Ansys software”, ISSN 1392-1207. MECHANIKA, Vol. 22, No. 6, pp. 562−570 (2016).
V. Faramarz Talati , Salman Jalalifar, “Analysis of heat conduction in a disk brake system”, jornal of Heat Mass Transfer 45:1047–1059, 2009.
VI. Jenan S. Sherza, Ihsan Y. Hussain, Oday I. Abdullah. “Heat flux in friction clutch with time dependent torque and angular velocity”, International Conference on Advanced Science and Engineering (ICOASE), 2018.
VII. Oday I. Abdullah, J. Schlattmann, “Effect of band contact on the temperature distribution for dry friction clutch”, World Acad. Sci., Eng. and Technol., Int. Sci. Index 6.9 (2012): 150-160.
VIII. Oday I. Abdullah, Josef Schlattmann , “computation of surface temperatures and energy dissipation in dry friction clutch for varying torque with time”, International Journal of Automotive Technology, Vol.
15, No. 5, pp. 733−740 (2014).
IX. Oday I. Abdullah, Josef Schlattmann , “Thermal behavior of friction clutch disc based on uniform pressure and uniform wear assumptions”, Friction 4(3): 228–237 (2016).
X. Oday I. Abdullah, Josef Schlattmann , “Thermal behavior of friction clutch disc based on uniform pressure and uniform wear assumptions”, FME Transactions vol.46, pp.33–38 (2018).
XI. Yevtushenko, Kuciej A. A., M., and Yevtushenko O., “Three-element model of frictional heating during braking with contact thermal resistance and time-dependent pressure”, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 50(6):1116-1124, 2011.
XII. Yogesh Emeerith, Dr. Rabindra Nath Barman, “Structural and Thermal Analysis of a Single Plate Dry Friction Clutch Using Finite Element Method (Fem)” IDL – International Digital Library Of Technology &
Research, volume 1, Issue 5, May (2017).

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Abstract:

As the world thrives for power in order to strengthen its industrial demands and economy, traditional power sources are becoming more and more difficult to fulfill the rising demands. Renewable energy demand in the world whether third world countries or leading ones of the era, has seen a boost in recent decades. Photovoltaic and solar energy is an ongoing trend in power system designers, researchers and companies. As sun is the free source of energy, the world now a days achieves 30% of its total energy from it. Solar power is sporadic and is not constant, as solar source at the ground level is extremely reliant on clouds density, atmospheric conditions with other restrictions. These limitations become a challenging task for engineers and energy managers to focus the energy constraints and came up with managing plan in order to produce and manage energy efficiently in smart grids. This paper focuses on energy constraints of both solar resource and PV power alongside smart grid energy management.

Keywords:

Solar energy,PV cells, energy forecast,smart grid management,

Refference:

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hourly solar radiation with artificial intelligence techniques,” Solar Energy,
vol. 68, no. 2, pp. 169–178, Feb. 2000.
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policies with special focus on the top ten solar PV power producing
countries,” Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 43, no. 0, pp.
621–634, Mar. 2015.
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“Solar irradiance forecasting using spatial-temporal covariance structures
and time-forward kriging,” Renewable Energy, vol. 60, no. 0, pp. 235–245,
Dec. 2013.
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estimation of the surface solar irradiance under all atmospheric conditions
using MSG/SEVIRI data,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote
Sensing, vol. 50, no. 8, pp. 2934–2953, Aug. 2012.
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“Model of photovoltaic power plants for performance analysis and
production forecast,” IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, vol. 4, no.
2, pp. 278–285, Apr. 2013.
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wind and solar variability in power systems,” Renewable Energy, vol. 81,
no. 0, pp. 1–10, Sep. 2015.
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hybrid method for 1-day ahead hourly forecasting of PV power output,”
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environmental impact of solar photovoltaic power generation,” Renewable
& Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 41, no. 0, pp. 284–297, Jan. 2015.

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forecasting,” Solar Energy, vol. 83, no. 10, pp. 1772–1783, Oct. 2009.
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a PV-grid system to increase PV penetration level in smart grid scenario,”
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“A review of key power system stability challenges for largescale PV
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Abstract:

In this paper we have studied the α -ideals in a 0-distributive lattice. We have described the α -ideals by two definition and proved that these are equivalent. We have given several characterizations. They have proved that a lattice L is disjunctive if and only if each ideal is an α -ideals. We have also included a prime separation theorem for α -ideals. At the end we have studied the α -ideals in a sectionally quasi-complemented lattice.

Keywords:

α -ideals,0-distributive lattice,separation theorem,quasicomplemented lattice,

Refference:

I. Ayub Ali, Noor, A. S. A. and Islam, A. K. M. S. Annulets in a
Distributive Nearlattice; Annals of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Vol.
3, No. 1, (2012), 91-96.
II. Ayub Ali, R. M. Hafizur Rahman and A. S. A. Noor; Prime Separation
Theorem for α – ideals in a 0-distributive Lattice; Journal of Pure and
Applied Science, Assam, India. 12(1) (2012), pp. 16-20.
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1, Page: 10-17 (2012).
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Some characterization of n -distributive lattices; Institute of Mechanics of
Continua and Mathematical Sciences, Township, Madhyamgram, Kolkata-
700129, Volume-7, Number-2, Page: 1045-1055 (2013).
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Abstract:

Earthquake is one of the most important natural phenomena and humans have always been trying to control its adverse effects. In the past century, the development of cities and the high investment in them and many financial and life losses caused by earthquake and, on the other hand, the ever-increasing advances in science and technology that allow for more accurate knowledge of the factors causing the earthquake and how to control it have made humans reduce its financial and life losses by making suitable and earthquake resistant structures. Today, due to the increasing growth of terrorist activities, the risk of structures facing blast loads has also increased. The occurrence of various terrorist incidents in relation to important structures around the world has caused that in recent years, blast loads become the focus of special attention. This article examines the connection of steel structures with honeycomb damper by applying blast and earthquake loads in Abaqus finite element software. Three frame models with 6, 9 and 13 floors have been considered for the study. For air blast, 10 Kg of TNT have been used. To apply earthquake records, seven pairs of accelerograms have been employed. By examining the results of numerical modeling in Abaqus finite element software, it can be observed that as a result of applying blast load, the damper could not react. But due to applying earthquake records, the damper’s behavior was very good so that at the beamcolumn joint, the highest amount of stress was created in the damper. Considering that applying the blast loading occurs in less than a few milliseconds and the structure does not have enough time to react to this load, blast load failure has been local and sectional.

Keywords:

Blast,honeycomb damper,Abaqus,moment frame,

Refference:

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Abstract:

Alcoholism could be identified through analyzing electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. Yet, it is difficult to analyze with multi-channel EEG signal since it is frequently needing long time for execution and complex calculations. The presented paper proposed 13 optimal channel to feature extraction. Firstly, 1200 recordings of biomedical signals will be presented for extracting the sample entropy. Statistical analysis approach will be utilized for the purpose of choosing the best channels for identifying abnormalities in alcoholics. Secondly four classifiers are applied at the decision level, Naïve Bayes, SVM, Logistic Regression, KNN, the accuracy was 80.1%,92.5%, 73.7% and 90.3%Respectively, in this study the SVM classifier is more accuracy .

Keywords:

EEG signal,optimal channel,abnormalities in alcoholics,SVM classifier,

Refference:

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Abstract:

Currently, hundreds of consumer products in cludelarge-scale nanoparticles; this enhances the possibility of such particles to be released into water and in result causesenvironmental and human health issues. In this research, asynthesis of PolyMethylMethAcrylate (PMMA) nano-membrane for the filtration of nanoparticles from natural water is demonstrated. Electrospinning technique is deployed for the synthesis of PMMA nanofibers. The synthesized nanofibers are further optimized by adding Di-Methyl Formamide (DMF) and acetone that provides elasticity and increases the exterior area of the nano-membranes. The resultant membrane is tendbal and instinctivelyrobust enough to resist filtration under high stress. The synthesized nanofibers are further analyzed and characterized by using spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM).The SEM, UV-vis and FTIR result shows the filtration rate of the fabricated membrane could capably exclude nanoparticles with different sizes (from 10 to 100 nm in diameter) from a feed solution.

Keywords:

Electrospinning,Fiber diameter,FTIR,SEM,Water filtration,

Refference:

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Abstract:

The space is filled with Higgs fields. As other fields like electric fields or magnetic fields, Higgs fields are of elliptical shape. Higgs fields are small individual fields represent a tiny part of space. Every adjacent Higgs Fields have opposite rotations, the repulsive force makes them to have unique identity for themselves which makes free space highly stable. Opposite rotation is the reason that any two Higgs fields do not mingle with each other to form larger field in free space, but under the influence of ordinary matter like Earth, Higgs fields change their orientations to be unidirectional to form a larger field called gravity. The larger the mass, the higher the number of Higgs fields to have unidirectional orientations. The force carrying particle Higgs Boson is responsible for Higgs field and the force carrying particle graviton is responsible for gravitational force. The unidirectional orientations of many small oval shaped Higgs Boson yields the graviton which has oval shape too. Thus, Higgs Boson and graviton are same force carrying particle acting differently at different situations. For example, stationary charge gives electric field where as moving charge gives magnetic field. The phenomenon of both is basically the same but looks different due to movement. Maxwell realized that the phenomenon of both is the same with the same force carrying particle but act differently at different situations. In this paper we will find, why wave propagations of waves are wavy. We will also find why the shape and orbit of astronomical objects are of similar pattern – elliptical or oval shape.

Keywords:

Astronomical Objects,Higgs Field,Graviton,Higgs Boson,Force Carrying Particle,

Refference:

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PBS site on imaginary time.

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Abstract:

Introducing the idea of Ƒ* - pure semi group and shows that a semi group ‘S ‘is regular and Ƒ* - pure iff ' S ′ is a semi lattice of groups. Also shows with the purpose of a semi group' S ′ be Ƒ* - pure iff S3 is a semi lattice of groups. Additionally, learning the group congruence’s as well as semi lattice congruence’s on such a semi group and give a number of properties of fuzzy congruence’s on Ƒ* - pure semi groups. A nonempty set X, a fuzzy subset of X is, by definition, an arbitrary mapping A: X → [0,1], where [0,1] is the usual interval of real numbers. The important concept of fuzzy automata set position onwards by Zadeh [I]. Has opened up keen insights and applications in a wide range of scientific fields. It offers tools and a new approach to model imprecision and uncertainty present in phenomena that do not have sharp boundaries. Since then, a series of research on fuzzy automata sets has come out expounding the importance of the concept and its applications to logic, set theory, algebra theory, real analysis, topology, etc. [III]. Fleck A. C. used the notion of a fuzzy subsets of a set to introduce the notion of fuzzy group of a group, Rosenfeld’s paper motivated the development of fuzzy algebras [X]. Following the formulation of fuzzy subgroups by Rosenfeld, Dib introduced the concept of a fuzzy automata space as a replacement for the concept of universal set in the ordinary case. Recently, some basic concepts of fuzzy algebras such as fuzzy homomorphism’s were introduced and discussed by using the new approach of fuzzy space and fuzzy automata groups introduced. In this paper we introduce concepts of fuzzy automata inverse semi groups and redefine fuzzy automata inverse sub-semi groups using the concept of fuzzy spaces introduced by K. A. Dib [II].

Keywords:

Ƒ* - pure semi groups,Sequences,Group fuzzy congruence’s,Lattice Groups and fuzzy sub groups,

Refference:

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Abstract:

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) could be setup frequently without the need of pre-established infrastructure. The nodes in MANETs are free to move and they can join as well as leave the network. Due to the dynamic nature of nodes in MANETs, routing protocols in MANET are extremely vulnerable to different security attacks. Like other different security attacks, Jellyfish attack is one of the most dangerous attacks in MANETs environment and it degrades the overall performance. In such type of attack, the packets reached its destination but take more time and hence it is difficult to detect such attack. In this research paper, we have analyzed the performance of Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) routing protocol in the presence of Jellyfish attack. To evaluate the performance we have created different scenarios having various number of Jellyfish attacks in MANETs environment. From the simulation result, it has been observed that Jellyfish attack significantly degrades the performance of DSR protocol in terms of end to end delay, throughput and packet delivery ratio. Moreover it has also been observed that when the number of Jellyfish attacks increases in the network then the performance is further degraded. In this research OPNET Modeler 14.5 simulator has been used in order to assess the performance of Jellyfish attack in MANETs environment.

Keywords:

Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks,Dynamic Source Routing,Jellyfish Attack,Security Issues,

Refference:

I A. Kaur and D. T. P. Singh, “Securing MANET from jellyfish attack using
selective node participation approach,” International Journal of Engineering
and Technical Research (IJETR) ISSN, pp. 2321–0869.
II Al Dulaimi, L. A. K., R. B. Ahmad., N, Yaakob., S, N, W, Shamsuddin and
M, Elshaikh 2018. Behavioral and performance jellyfish attack. Indonesian
Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol. 13, No. 2,
February 2019, pp. 683~688,
III Cai, J. P. Yi. J.Chen. Z. Wang and N. Liu. 2010. An Adaptive Approach to
Detecting Black and Gray Hole Attacks in Ad Hoc Network . 24th IEEE
International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and
Applications; pp 775-780
IV Doss, S., Nayyar, A., Suseendran, G., Tanwar, S., Khanna, A., & Thong, P.
H. (2018). APD-JFAD: Accurate prevention and detection of Jelly Fish
attack in MANET. Ieee Access, 6, 56954-56965.
V Khirasariya H. 2001. Simulation study of jellyfish attack in MANET (mobile
ad hoc network) using Aodv Routing Protocol.Journal Of Information,
Knowledge And Research In Computer Engineering; Vol(2); pp 344-347
VI M. Abolhasan, T. Wysocki, and E. Dutkiewicz, “A review of routing
protocols for mobile ad hoc networks,” Ad hoc networks, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–
22, 2004.
VII M.Kaur, M.Rani.and A. Nayyar. 2014. A Comprehensive Study of Jelly Fish
Attack in Mobile Ad hoc Networks. International Journal of Computer
Science and Mobile Computing; Vol(3): pp 199-203
VIII Mewara, H.S. and S. Porwal. 2010. Node Density and Traffic based
Modelling and Analysis of Routing Protocols for MANETs; pp 1-6
IX P. Misra, “Routing protocols for ad hoc mobile wireless networks,” Courses
Notes, available at http://www. cis. ohiostate. edu/˜ jain/cis788-99/adhoc
routing/index. html, 1999.
X R.V Boppana, and A. Mathur. 2005. Analysis of the Dynamic Source
Routing Protocol for Ad Hoc Networks. Workshop on Next Generation
Wireless Networks; pp 1-8.

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Abstract:

In this paper, design and investigation of all-opticalorthogonal frequency division multiplexing (AO-OFMD) system using an optical frequency comb (OFC) source is presented. AnOFC source by cascading a frequency modulator (FM) and two intensity modulators is used as a multi-carrier’s generator to provide optically OFDM subcarriers. This OFC source can be provided a maximum comb lines number of 61 lines spaced by 25 GHz. The AO-OFDM scheme employed 31 and 51 comb lines can transmit a signal at a data rate of 1.55 and 2.55 Tbit/s, respectively. Numerical results are carried out using VPI transmission Maker® commercial software.

Keywords:

All-optical OFDM,Terabit per second (Tbit/s),Opticalfrequency comb source,Error vector magnitude (EVM),Eye diagram,

Refference:

I. A. Hammoodi, L. Audah, and M. A. Taher, “Green Coexistence f Waveform Candidates: A Review,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 10103-2019
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III. III. A. M. Jaradat, J. M. Hamamreh, and H. Arslan, “Modulation Options for OFDM-Based Waveforms: Classification, Comparison, and Future Directions,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 17263-17278, 2019
IV. F. Fresi, M. Imran, A. Malacarne, G. Meloni, V. Sorianello, E. Forestieri, et al., “Advances in optical technologies and techniques for high capacity ommunications,” Journal of Optical Communications and Networking, vol. 9, pp. C54-C64, 2017
V. I. Morohashi, T. Sakamoto, N. Sekine, A. Kasamatsu, and I. Hosako, “Ultrashort optical pulse source using Mach–Zehnder-modulator-based flat comb generator,” Nano Communication Networks, vol. 10, pp. 79-84, 2016
VI. J. He, F. Long, R. Deng, J. Shi, M. Dai, and L. Chen, “Flexible multiband OFDM ultra-wideband services based on optical frequency combs,”IEEE/OSA Journal of Optical Communications and Networking, vol. 9, pp. 393-400, 2017
VII. J. Morosi, J. Hoxha, P. Martelli, P. Parolari, G. Cincotti, S. Shimizu, et al., “25 Gbit/s per user coherent all-optical OFDM for Tbit/s-capable PONs,” Journal of Optical Communications and Networking, vol. 8, pp. 190-195, 2016
VIII. J. Thangaraj, “Generation of ultra-wide and flat optical frequency comb based on electro absorption modulator,” Optoelectronics Letters, vol. 14, pp. 185-188, 2018
IX. L. B. Du, J. Schröder, M. M. Morshed, B. Eggleton, and A. J. Lowery, “Optical inverse Fourier transform generated 11.2-Tbit/s no-guard-interval all-optical OFDM transmission,” in Optical Fiber Communication Conference, p. OW3B. 5., 2013
X. M. Imran, P. M. Anandarajah, A. Kaszubowska-Anandarajah, N. Sambo, and L. Potí, “A survey of optical carrier generation techniques for terabit capacity elastic optical networks,” IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, vol. 20, pp. 211-263, 2018
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XII. P. Guan, K. M. Røge, H. C. H. Mulvad, M. Galili, H. Hu, M. Lillieholm, et al., “All-optical ultra-high-speed OFDM to Nyquist-WDM conversion based on complete optical Fourier transformation,” Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 34, pp. 626-632, 2016
XIII. P. Martín-Mateos, A. Porro, and P. Acedo, “Fully Adaptable Electro-Optic Dual-Comb Generation,” IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, vol. 30, pp. 161-164, 2017
XIV. R. G. Hunsperger, Integrated optics vol. 4: Springer, 1995
XV. R. Mesleh and A.-O. Ayat, “Acousto-optical modulators for free space optical wireless communication systems,” Journal of Optical Communications and Networking, vol. 10, pp. 515-522, 2018
XVI. S. A. Srinivasan, M. Pantouvaki, S. Gupta, H. T. Chen, P. Verheyen, G. Lepage, et al., “56 Gb/s germanium waveguide electro-absorption modulator,” Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 34, pp. 419-424, 2015
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XVIII. T. Kawanishi, “THz and Photonic Seamless Communications,” Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2019
XIX. T. Kishi, M. Nagatani, S. Kanazawa, W. Kobayashi, H. Yamazaki, M. Ida, et al., “56-Gb/s optical transmission performance of an InP HBT PAM4 driver compensating for nonlinearity of extinction curve of EAM,” Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 35, pp. 75-81, 2017
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XXIII. Y.-D. Lin, “Third Quarter 2018 IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials,” IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, vol. 20, pp. 1607-1615, 2018

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Abstract:

Facial recognition stands for an imperative area of interest to serve various applications such as security, verification of bank identities, identification of wanted persons at airports, etc. Therefore, it is employed for real time application. Consequently, reliability stands for significant matter for security. Facial recognition system is deal with two different application scenarios, one of which is called "identification" and the other of which is called "verification" anew face can be classifying either "known" or "unknown", after comparing it with stored identified persons. The complete process of facial recognition system done in three phase, detection the face, extraction the features of the face and recognition to recognize this face. Various techniques are then required for these three phases. Also these techniques differ from different other surrounding factors for example, face orientation, expression, illumination and background. In this review also highpoints the most frequently databases that existing as a standard to be utilized for facial recognition investigations like, AR Database, ORL, FERET, and Yale Database.

Keywords:

Face detection,Features extraction,Face recognition,Face Database,

Refference:

12Abdulrahman, S.A. and B.M. Sabbar, Face Recognition Using
Eigen-Wavelet-Face Method.
II. 8.8Al-Arashi, W.H., H. Ibrahim, and S.A. Suandi, Optimizing principal
component analysis performance for face recognition using genetic
algorithm. Neurocomputing, 2014. 128: p. 415-420.
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neural networks algorithms. arXiv preprint arXiv:1404.1292, 2014.
IV. 13Abate, A.F., et al., 2D and 3D face recognition: A survey. Pattern
recognition letters, 2007. 28(14): p. 1885-1906.
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implemented on Face94 and grimace databases. International Journal
of Computer Applications, 2016. 142(6): p. 8-13.
VI. 18.18Bukis, A., et al. Survey of face detection and recognition
methods. in Proceeding of International Conference on Electrical and
Control Technologies, Kaunas, Lithuania. 2011.
VII. 15.15Barnouti, N.H., et al., Face Detection and Recognition Using
Viola-Jones with PCA-LDA and Square Euclidean Distance.
International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications
(IJACSA), 2016. 7(5): p. 371-377.
VIII. 23.23 Beham, M.P. and S.M.M. Roomi, A review of face recognition
methods. International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial
Intelligence, 2013. 27(04): p. 1356005.

IX. 20.20 Dabhi, M.K. and B.K. Pancholi, Face detection system based on
viola-jones algorithm. International Journal of Science and Research
(IJSR), 2016. 5(4): p. 62-64.
X. 25.25 Drira, H., et al. Pose and expression-invariant 3d face
recognition using elastic radial curves. in British machine vision
conference. 2010.
XI. 24.24 De Carrera, P.F. and I. Marques, Face recognition algorithms.
Master’s thesis in Computer Science, Universidad Euskal Herriko,
2010.
XII. 21.21 Fathi, A., P. Alirezazadeh, and F. Abdali-Mohammadi, A new
Global-Gabor-Zernike feature descriptor and its application to face
recognition. Journal of Visual Communication and Image
Representation, 2016. 38: p. 65-72.
XIII. 1.1 Jain, A.K. and S.Z. Li, Handbook of face recognition. 2011:
Springer.
XIV. 7.7 Kadam, K.D., Face recognition using principal component
analysis with DCT. International Journal of Engineering Research and
General Science, ISSN, 2014: p. 2091-2730.
XV. 2.2 Lourde, M. and D. Khosla, Fingerprint Identification in Biometric
SecuritySystems. International Journal of Computer and Electrical
Engineering, 2010. 2(5): p. 852.
XVI. 3.3 Li, X., Face recognition method based on fuzzy 2dpca. Journal of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2014. 2014: p. 20.
XVII. 6.6 Miry, A.H., Face Recognition Based Principal Component
Analysis And Wavelet Sub bands. Journal of Engineering and
Sustainable Development, 2013. 17(5): p. 238-248.
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JOURNAL OFEngineering Science andTechnology Review, 2017: p.
166-177.
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recognition approach. International Journal of Engineering Research
and Applications (IJERA), 2013. 3(1): p. 632-635.
XX. 30.30 Phillips, P.J., et al., The FERET database and evaluation
procedure for face-recognition algorithms. Image and vision
computing, 1998. 16(5): p. 295-306.
XXI. 5.5 Prasad, M., et al., Face recognition using PCA and feed forward
neural networks. International journal of computer science and
telecommunications, 2011. 2(8): p. 79-82.
XXII. 9.9 Shah, H., R. Kher, and K. Patel. Face recognition using 2DPCA
and ANFIS classifier. in Proceedings of Fourth International
Conference on Soft Computing for Problem Solving. 2015. Springer.

XXIII. 26.26 Singh, A., S.K. Singh, and S. Tiwari, Comparison of face
recognition algorithms on dummy faces. The International Journal of
Multimedia & Its Applications, 2012. 4(4): p. 121.
XXIV. 29.29 Singh, Y., A Study on Facial Feature Extraction and Facial
Recognition Approaches. 2015.
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system using complementary OC-LBP and HOG feature descriptors
with SVM classifier. Journal of Information Technology Research
(JITR), 2018. 11(1): p. 91-110.
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techniques. International Journal of Computer Applications, 2016.
133(12): p. 20-24.
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using genetic algorithm. Procedia Computer Science, 2016. 85: p. 410-
417.
XXVIII. 19.19 Zhang, C. and Z. Zhang, A survey of recent advances in face
detection. 2010.
XXIX. 28.28 Zhang, B., et al., Histogram of gabor phase patterns (hgpp): A
novel object representation approach for face recognition. IEEE
Transactions on Image processing, 2006. 16(1): p. 57-68.
XXX. 4.4 Zhou, C., et al., Face recognition based on PCA image
reconstruction and LDA. Optik, 2013. 124(22): p. 5599-5603.

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Abstract:

A Neuro cysticercosis is avoidable parasitic infection caused by larval cysts of the pork tapeworm. The larval cysts can affect different parts of the human organs causing a condition known as cysticercosis which can direct to seizures it is called neuro cysticercosis. A neoplasm is an abnormal growth of cells in the brain, also known as a tumor which causes growth of tumor triggered by DNA mutations within your cells. The neoplastic disease causes two types of tumor growth. The benign tumors usually grow which grow slowly and cannot spread to other tissues are called as noncancerous growth. The Malignant brain tumors grow quickly and spread to multiple tissues, organs are known as cancerous growth. In spite of huge progresses, still there is no single modality which can represent all aspects of the human body. In this paper a novel method has been proposed for Dual tree complex wavelet Transform (DTCWT) with Non-subsampled shearlet transform (NSST) hybrid fusion algorithm. The developed fusion algorithm is experienced on the pilot study datasets of patients affected with Neurocysticercosis and neoplastic diseases. The fused image conveys the superior description of the information than the source images. Experimental results are evaluated by the number of well-known performance evaluation metrics.

Keywords:

Multimodality medical image,Neoplastic,Neurocyticercosis,CT,MRI,SPECT,DTCWT and NSST,

Refference:

I. Deep Gupta,. Nonsubsampled shearlet domain fusion techniques for CT–MR
neurological images using improved biological inspired neural model.
Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, 2017
II. Ebenezer Daniel, J. Anithaa, K.K Kamaleshwaran, Indu Rani,. Optimum
spectrum mask based medical image fusion using Gray Wolf Optimization.
Biomedical Signal Processing and Control, Elsevier, Vol. 34, pp. 36 – 43,
2017
III. Hamid Reza Shahdoosti, Adel Mehrabi,. Multimodal Image Fusion Using
Sparse Representation Classification in Tetrolet Domain. Digital Signal
Processing, Elsevier (2018)
IV. Heba M. El-Hoseny, El-Sayed M. El.Rabaie, Wael Abd Elrahman, Fathi E
Abd El-Samie,. Medical Image Fusion Techniques Based on Combined
Discrete Transform Domains. Port Said, Egypt, Arab Academy for Science,
Technology & Maritime Transport, IEEE, pp. 471-480, 2017
V. http://www.med.harvard.edu (Accessed 2017)
VI. https://radiopaedia.org (Accessed 2017)
VII. https://www.healthline.com/health/neoplastic-disease (Accessed 2018)
VIII. Jingming Xi, Yiming Chen, Aiyue Chen, Yicai Chen,. Medical Image Fusion
Based on Sparse Representation and PCNN in NSCT Domain.
Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine, Hindawi, 2018
IX. Rajalingam B, Priya R, Bhavani R.. Hybrid Multimodal Medical Image
Fusion Using Combination of Transform Techniques for Disease Analysis.
Procedia Computer Science, Elsevier, 152, pp. 150–157, 2019
X. Rajalingam B, Priya R, Bhavani R.. Multimodal Medical Image Fusion
Using Hybrid Fusion Techniques for Neoplastic and Alzhimers’s Disease
Analysis. Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience, Vol. 16,
pp. 1–12, 2019

XI. Rajalingam, R.Priya, R.Bhavani.. Hybrid Multimodal Medical Image
Fusion Algorithms for Astrocytoma Disease Analysis. Emerging
Technologies in Computer Engineering: Microservices in Big Data
Analytics, ICETCE 2019, Communications in Computer and Information
Science, Springer, Vol. 985, pp. 336–348, 2019
XII. Rajalingam., R. Priya.. Hybrid Multimodality Medical Image Fusion based
on Guided Image Filter with Pulse Coupled Neural Network. International
Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 5(3),
pp. 86-100, 2018
XIII. Rajalingam., R.Priya., and R.Bhavani.. Comparative Analysis for Various
Traditional and Hybrid Multimodal Medical Image Fusion Techniques for
Clinical Treatment Analysis. Image Segmentation: A Guide to Image Mining,
ICSES Publisher, pp. 26-50, 2018
XIV. Rajalingam., R.Priya., and R.Bhavani.. Hybrid Multimodality Medical Image
Fusion Using Various Fusion Techniques with Quantitative and Qualitative
Analysis. Advanced Classification Techniques for Healthcare Analysis, IGI
Global Publisher, pp. 206-233, 2019
XV. Rajalingam., R.Priya., Review of Multimodality Medical Image Fusion Using
Combined Transform Techniques for Clinical Application. International
Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science Applications and
Management Studies, 7(3), 2018
XVI. Rajalingam., R.Priya., A Novel approach for Multimodal Medical Image
Fusion using Hybrid Fusion Algorithms for Disease Analysis. International
Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 117(15), pp. 599-619, 2017
XVII. Rajalingam., R.Priya., Combining Multi-Modality Medical Image Fusion
Based on Hybrid Intelligence for Disease Identification. International Journal
of Advanced Research Trends in Engineering and Technology, 5(12), pp.
862-870, 2018
XVIII. Rajalingam., R.Priya., Enhancement of Hybrid Multimodal Medical Image
Fusion Techniques for Clinical Disease Analysis. International Journal of
Computer Vision and Image Processing, 8(3), pp.17-40, 2018
XIX. Rajalingam., R.Priya., Hybrid Multimodality Medical Image Fusion
Technique for Feature Enhancement in Medical Diagnosis. International
Journal of Engineering Science Invention, 2, pp. 52-60, 2018
XX. Rajalingam., R.Priya., Multimodal Medical Image Fusion based on Deep
Learning Neural Network for Clinical Treatment Analysis. International
Journal of ChemTech Research, 11(06), pp. 160-176, 2018
XXI. Rajalingam., R.Priya., Multimodal Medical Image Fusion Using Various
Hybrid Fusion Techniques For clinical Treatment Analysis. Smart
Construction Research, 2(2), pp. 1-20, 2018
XXII. Rajalingam., R.Priya., Multimodality Medical Image Fusion Based on Hybrid
Fusion Techniques. International Journal of Engineering and Manufacturing
Science, 7(1), 2017

XXIII. Satishkumar S. Chavan, Abhishek Mahajan, Sanjay N. Talbar, Subhash
Desai, Meenakshi Thakur, Anil D’cruz,. Nonsubsampled rotated complex
wavelet transform (NSRCxWT) for medical image fusion related to clinical
aspects in neurocysticercosis. Computers in Biology and Medicine, Elsevier,
Vol. 81, pp. 64–78, 2017
XXIV. Sharma Dileepkumar Ramlal, Jainy Sachdeva, Chirag Kamal Ahuja, Niranjan
Khandelwal,. Multimodal medical image fusion using non-subsampled
shearlet transform and pulse coupled neural network incorporated with
morphological gradient. Signal, Image and Video Processing, Springer, 2018
XXV. Sreeja, S. Hariharan,. An improved feature based image fusion technique for
enhancement of liver lesions. Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering,
Elsevier, 2018
XXVI. Xiaojun Xua, Youren Wang, Shuai Chen,. Medical image fusions using
discrete fractional wavelet transform. Biomedical Signal Processing and
Control, Elsevier, Vol. 27, pp.103–111, 2016
XXVII. Xingbin Liu, Wenbo Mei, Huiqian Du,. Multi-modality medical image fusion
based on image decomposition framework and nonsubsampled shearlet
transform. Biomedical Signal Processing and Control, Elsevier, Vol. 40, pp.
343–350, 2018
XXVIII. Xingbin Liu, Wenbo Mei, Huiqian Du,. Structure tensor and nonsubsampled
shearlet transform based algorithm for CT and MRI image fusion.
Neurocomputing, Elsevier, 2017

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