Government Fiduciary Ownerships and Yield Spreads

Authors:

Noriza Mohd Saad,

DOI NO:

https://doi.org/10.26782/jmcms.2019.03.00006

Keywords:

Government ,Fiduciary Bodies ,Conventional Bonds ,Sukuk ,Yield Spreads,

Abstract

The presence of active institutional investors in monitoring and controlling the management decision making are focus towards public listed firms invested by government fiduciary bodies (Top-6). Institutional investors who are purchased and held the corporate bonds and sukuk rather than individual investors might be a significant factor to bond performance especially on yield to maturity (YTM). As institutional ownerships, supposed they will actively involve in monitoring and pressure more sensitive towards performance of conventional bonds and sukuk. By considering to this issue, the objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of equity ownerships towards bond performance particularly on its yield spreads. Data are obtained from firm issuers’ annual reports, Bondinfo Hub of Malaysia Central Bank, Department of Malaysia Statistics and Bloomberg for the period of 2003 to 2014. Unbalanced Panel data approach is utilized for multivariate regression model covers for OLS, fixed effects and random effects. Results revealed that the presence of top-6 institutional investors have a significant negative impact towards yield spreads. Debt issuers are recommended to offer high bond issuances to this investor since their presence could mitigate cost of defaults by active cost monitoring and controlling which support the agency cost of debt theory.

Refference:

I.Abdul Wahab, E.A., How, J. & Verhoeven, P. (2008). Corporate governance and institutional investors: Evidence from Malaysia. Asian academy of Management Journal of Accounting and Finance (AAMJAF), 4(2): 67-90.

II.Baltagi, B.H. (2001). EconometricAnalysis of Panel Data. Wiley.

III.Becker, B. & Ivashina, V. (2012). Reaching for Yield in the Bond Market. Harvard Business School Finance Working Paper No. 12-103/ (December 2012)/ March 2013. See also URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.

IV.Bhojraj, S. & Sengupta, P. (2003). Effects of corporate governance on bond ratings and yields: The role of institutional investors and outside directors. Journal of Business, 76:455–476.

V.Bianchi, M. & Enriques, L. (2001). Corporate governance in Italy after the 1998 reform: What role for institutional investors?No.43-Gennaio. See also URL: www.consob.it/documenti/quaderni/qdf43.pdf

VI.Boubakri, N. & Ghouma, H. (2010). Control/ownership structure, creditor rights protection, and the cost of debt financing: International evidence. Journal of Banking & Finance,34(10):2481–2499.

VII.Breusch., T. S. & Pagan, A. R. (1980). The Lagrange Multiplier Test and its Applications to Model Specification in Econometrics. The Review of Economic Studies, 47(1): 239-253.

VIII.Cassell, C. A., Myers, L.A. & Zhou, J. (2013). The effect of voluntary internal control audits on the cost of capital. See also URL://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1734300

IX.Chatterjee, S., Hadi, A.S. & Price, B. (2000). Regression Analysis by Example. 3rd Edition. John Wiley and Sons.

X.Claessens, S. & Yurtoglu, B.B. (2013). Corporate governance in emerging markets: A survey. Emerging Markets Review,15: 1-33.

XI.Cooper, D.R. & Schindler,P.S. (2003). Business Research Methods. (8th ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill Irwin.

XII.Dutordoir, M., Strong, N. & Ziegan, M.C. (2014). Does corporate governance influence convertible bond issuance.Journal of Corporate Finance,24:80–100.

XIII.Endri. (2012). Pengaruh Mekanisme Corporate Governance Terhadap Kinerja Profitabilitas Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia. Jurnal Keuangan dan Perbankan, 16(2):264-274.

XIV.Falk, R.F. & Miller, N.B. (1992). A Premier for soft modeling. (1st edition). Ohio: University of Akron press.

XV.Fama, E.F. & Jensen, M.C. (1983). Separation of ownership and control. Journal of Law and Economics,26:301-325. XVI.Fields, L.P., Fraser, D.R. & Subrahmanyam, A. .(2012). Board Quality and the Cost of Debt Capital: The Case of Bank Loans. Journal of Banking & Finance, 36: 1536–1547.

XVII.Garcia-Meca, E. & Sanchez-Ballesta, J. P. (2011). Firm value and ownership structure in the Spanish capital market. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, 11 (1):41 –53.

XVIII.Greene, W.H. (2008). Econometric Analysis, 6th Edition. Pearson.

XIX.Grossman, S.J. & Hart, O.D. (1986). The costs and benefits of ownership: A theory of vertical and lateral integration. Journal of Political Economy, 94(4):691-719.

XX.Halim, Z.A., How, J. & Verhoeven, P.(2017). Agency Costs and Corporate Sukuk Issuance. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal. Doi:10.1016/j.pacifin.2016.05.014.

XXI.Hapsari, R.A. (2013); Kajian Yield to Maturity (YTM) Obligasi Pada Perusahaan Korporasi, Accounting Analysis Journal, 1(3):74-81.

XXII.Jadhav , N.H., Kashid, D.N. & Kulkarni, S.R. (2014). Subset Selection in Multiple Linear Regression in the Presence of Outlier and Multicollinearity. Statistical Methodology,19:44-59.

XXIII.Jensen, M.C. & Meckling, W.H. (1976). Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4):305-360.

XXIV.Jiraporn, P., Chintrakarn, P. Kim, J-C. & Liu, Y. (2012). Exploring the Agency Cost of Debt: Evidence from the ISS Governance Standards. See also URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2062104

XXV.Kennedy, P. (2008). A Guide to Econometrics. MIT Press. p.25.

XXVI.Lim, Y. (2011). Tax avoidance, cost of debt and shareholder activism: Evidence from Korea, Journal of Banking & Finance, 35:456–470.

XXVII.López-Iturriagaa, F. , García-Meca, E. & Tejerina-Gaite, F. (2015). Institutional directors and board compensation: Spanish evidence. BRQ Business Research Quarterly,18:161-173.

XXVIII.Mack, C.A. (2015), Lecture 20: Detecting and Adressing Multicollinearity. See also URL: http://www.lithoguru.com/scientist/statistics/. Retrieved on: 6 December 2015.

XXIX.Marquardt, D.W. (1970). Generalized Inverses, Ridge Regression, Biased Linear Estimation and nonlinear estimation, Technometrics,12:591-612.

XXX.Mungniyati. (2009).The effect of corporate governance and earnings information on bond ratings and yields. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Akuntansi,11(2):129-141.

XXXI.Nguyen, T., Locke, S., & Reddy, K. (2015). Ownership concentration and corporate performance from a dynamic perspective: Does national governance quality matter?. International Review of Financial Analysis, 41:148-161.

XXXII.O’Brien, R.M. (2007). A Caution Regarding Rules of Thumb for Variance InflationFactors. Quality & Quantity, 41(5): 673.

XXXIII.Quaddus, M. & Hofmeyer, G. (2007). An investigation into the factors influencing the adoption of B2B trading exchanges in small business. European Journal of Information Systems, 16(3):202-215.

XXXIV.Reid, G.C. (2001). Flexibility in the small firm: The dynamics of market re-positioning and scale adjustment in the early stages of the life cycle. No. 105. Scotland: St. Salvatore’s college.

XXXV.Renneboog, L. (1996). Ownership, Managerial Control and the Governance of Companies Listed on the Brussels Stock Exchange. Working Paper 9635. See also URL http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2115

XXXVI.Securities Commission Report, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. (2014. p.1).

XXXVII.Shailer, G. & Wang, K. (2015). Government ownership and the cost of debt for Chinese listed corporations. Emerging Markets Review 22, 1–17.

XXXVIII.Snee, R.D. (1977). Validation of Regressions Model: Methods and Examples. Technometrics, 19(4): 415-428.

XXXIX.Shleifer, A. & Vishny, R.W.(1996). A survey of corporate governance, NBER working paper no. 5554. See also URL: http://ssrn.com/abstract=10182

XL.Suchard, J-A., Pham, P. K. & Zein, J. (2012). Corporate governance and the cost of capital: Evidence from Australian firms. Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 24(3):84-93.

XLI.Tanaka (2014). Corporate governance and the cost of public debt financing: Evidence from Japan. Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, 34:315–335.

XLII.Tabachnick, B.G. & Fidell, L.S. (2007). Using Multivariate Statistics (5th Edition). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

XLIII.Tran, D. C. (2014). Multiple Corporate Governance Attributes and the Cost of Capital-Evidence from Germany. The British Accounting Review,46:179-197.

XLIV.Williams, R. (2015). Multicollinearity, University of Notre Dame, See also URL: http://www3.nd.edu/~rwilliam/. Last revised January 13, 2015.

XLV.Wooldridge, J.M. (2000). Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach, South Western.

View | Download